定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 571元 加购物车

定价： 646元 加购物车

5.1 The test method allows the quantitation of chemical species at low levels in marine fuel oils and cutter stocks. A great many types and concentrations of chemical species are found in marine fuel oils. A root cause relationship between the presence of such species or their concentration in fuels and any failure modes allegedly induced by the use of these fuels has not been established. This test method is necessary to establish test conditions required for future ISO 8217:2010 as defined in section 5.5 and Annex B item (d). Additional compounds may be determined by using the same conditions and by selecting required mass spectral selected ions, accordingly.1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of a variety of chemical species in marine fuel oil (bunker fuel oil) by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. By using the same conditions and by selecting required mass spectral selected ions, the test method may be used for the determination of other species than those for which precision statements and limits of detection have been established.1.2 An example list of chemical species for which a limit of quantification has been determined by means of this test method is given in Table 1.1.3 Other refinery hydrocarbon fractions and their mixtures may be tested using the same test method conditions. However, the precision of this test method reflects the compounds in Table 1.1.4 Results are reported to the nearest 1.0 mg/kg.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.5.1 Exception—Non-SI values are given for psig.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

3.1 The sound transmission loss provided by a material that covers a flat surface depends not only on the physical properties of the material but also on the type of structure to which it is mounted and the mounting method used.3.2 Naval and marine architects and design engineers require specific transmission loss characteristics of acoustical treatment materials as they would exhibit installed on a ship's structure. The mounting structure and procedures specified in these practices are intended to simulate such a shipboard environment.3.3 Test reports may refer to this mounting by Practices E1123 instead of providing a detailed description of the mounting used.1.1 These practices describe test specimen mountings to be used for naval and marine ship applications during sound transmission loss tests performed in accordance with Test Method E90.1.2 The structure specified in these practices is intended for mounting of single-layer treatments or composite treatments consisting of various materials and configurations. Acoustical treatment materials may be combinations of acoustical absorbent materials, limp mass septums, and insulation materials.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

5.1 Plastic is sometimes carried by rivers or accidentally discharged by ships into the sea; this plastic can then reach different parts of the marine environment. Tides and waves also frequently deliver plastic marine debris into the sandy tidal zones.5.2 This test method simulates the environmental conditions found in the tidal zone. Plastic debris that reaches the sandy tidal zone can settle there and become partially or totally buried by sand and kept wet by waves or tides. It is of interest to assess the biodegradation behavior of plastic materials under these conditions to predict the removal time of this waste in the environment.5.3 This test method is applied to determine the extent of biodegradation of a plastic exposed in the laboratory to a sandy sediment kept wet with seawater. Both sediment and seawater are collected from a sandy beach in the tidal zone. If the natural microbial population present in the sediment is able to biodegrade the plastic, there will be an evolution of CO2 as a consequence of the aerobic microbial respiration. The level of biodegradation at any given time is the ratio between the cumulative amount of the evolved net carbon dioxide and the theoretical amount produced in the case of total conversion of the organic carbon present in the plastic into carbon dioxide.5.4 This test method does not measure the amount of organic carbon that is converted into biomass, but only the biodegradation that leads to mineralization (that is, the formation of CO2).1.1 This test method determines the biodegradation level of plastic materials exposed to laboratory conditions that simulate the environment found in the sandy tidal zone.1.2 The tidal zone, that is, the part of the coast affected by the tides and movement of the waves, is the borderline between sea and land, frequently a sandy area that is kept constantly damp by the lapping of the waves. Stony and rocky shorelines also exist.1.3 Plastic marine debris is frequently washed up in this habitat where it must be removed in order to restore the original landscape.1.4 It is of interest to know the biodegradation behavior of plastics when exposed to conditions simulating this habitat, because this information can help in predicting the time needed for the biodegradation of the litter.1.5 Biodegradation is determined by measuring the CO2 evolved by the plastic material when exposed to a sediment kept wet with salt-water in a reactor, to simulate the tidal zone.1.6 Marine fresh-water habitats (for example, those found in brackish waters and estuaries) are not considered by this standard.1.7 Reports shall clearly state the percentage of net CO2 generation for both the test and reference samples at the completion of the test. Furthermore, in the laboratory reports, the results shall not be extrapolated beyond the actual duration of the test.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.8 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 646元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

5.1 The use of plastics aboard ships is on the rise and the use of the sea as a trash dumping site is no longer a possibility; consequently, the disposal of plastic materials while at sea remains a major issue. It is possible that biodegradable plastics will help to allay public concern by allowing for the safe disposal of plastic materials at sea. This test method has been developed to assess the rate and degree of aerobic biodegradation of plastics exposed to marine microorganisms. Aerobic biodegradation is determined by measuring the amount of biogas (carbon dioxide) produced during such an exposure.5.2 It is acceptable to use the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradability of a plastic under the conditions of this test method to estimate the persistence of that plastic in biologically active marine environments, for example, seashore and open-ocean. However, it shall be recognized that predicting long-term environmental fate and effects from the results of short-term exposure to a simulated marine environment is difficult. Thus, caution shall be exercised when extrapolating the results obtained from this or any other controlled-environment test to disposal in the natural environment.1.1 This test method is used to determine the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials (including formulation additives) exposed to pre-grown population of at least ten aerobic marine microorganisms of known genera or the indigenous population existing in natural seawater. The test method is conducted under controlled laboratory conditions.1.2 This test method is designed to index polymer materials that are possibly biodegradable, relative to a positive reference material, in an aerobic environment.1.3 This test method is applicable to all polymer materials containing at least 20 % carbon that are not inhibitory to the microorganisms present in a marine environment.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.5 There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 646元 加购物车

定价： 571元 加购物车

5.1 To fully understand the effects of a given treatment, five acoustical factors (transmission loss, acceptance, radiation efficiency, absorption, and damping) must be characterized. For example, only knowing the effect of a given treatment on transmission loss will not allow the acoustical designer or engineer to assess its impacts on propagation of vibration (among other effects), which is an important path to consider for large machinery items and propeller excitation.5.2 It is necessary to have a common definition of acoustical performance and test procedure to determine all five acoustical factors for ship’s treatments so that the performance of different treatment types, as well as the same treatment type from different manufacturers, can be compared.5.3 In some cases, particularly for damping treatments, the effect of the treatment will be dependent on the non-treated structure’s material and geometry and other non-acoustic factors such as environmental conditions (that is, temperature). To fully characterize a treatment it may be necessary to test a range of base constructions. For reasons of practicality, convenience, or economy, it may be sufficient to test only one to three constructions to achieve an understanding of the material performance in a range of practical situations. Additional discussion is provided in Annex A1.1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of the acoustical effectiveness of treatments installed on ship bulkheads, decks, and side shells. Measurements are focused on assessing changes in transmission loss, radiation efficiency, and acceptance that occur when treatments are applied. Measurements of changes to absorption and damping are addressed in Appendix X1 and Appendix X2, respectively.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 Any material that is to be installed on a marine division must meet appropriate fire, combustibility, and other applicable SOLAS, USCG, IMO, Navy, or other required non-acoustical standards and specifications. See Appendix X3 for additional information.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 加购物车

2.1 This test method is intended for the determination of the free fatty acids contained in animal, marine, and vegetable fats and oils for the purpose of quality assurance.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the free fatty acid content of fats and oils.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 571元 加购物车