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3.1 This test method is useful to both sellers and purchasers of alumina and quartz powders for determining particle size distributions for materials specifications, manufacturing control, and development and research.1.1 This test method, one of several found valuable for the measurement of particle size, covers the determination of the particle size distribution of alumina or quartz powders (0.6 to 56.0 μm) using electrical sensing zone particle size analyzers. These instruments use an electric current path of small dimensions which is modulated by individual particle passage through an aperture, and produces individual pulses of amplitude proportional to the particle volume.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This standard classification will be used to:4.1.1 Standardize the package size increasing availability, versatility, and acceptability of bulk box/pallet units.4.1.2 Lower transport package manufacturing costs.4.1.3 Lower cost/lb of packaged resin because of higher net weight/package.4.1.4 Reduce environmental impact of pallets and bulk boxes by reducing waste.4.1.5 Support reuse of bulk boxes and pallets throughout the supply chain.4.1.6 Optimize lifecycle package cost.4.1.7 Improve both inbound and outbound freight cost in comparison to non-optimal packaging.4.1.8 Lower inventory/storage cost of raw materials (need less on hand).4.1.9 Reduce warehouse space for resin storage.4.1.10 Reduce forklift trips (carrying higher weight).4.1.11 Promote multi-industry usage of common footprint boxes and pallets (examples are the automotive and chemical drum industry).4.1.12 Guide the first-time resin packager as to a successful bulk box/pallet unit now in use in the resin industry.4.1.13 Optimize net product weight in truckload trailer vans and oversea containers.4.2 This standard classification will be used by:4.2.1 Resin producers/converters/compounders/customers to compare with their current practice.4.2.2 Bulk box manufacturers to recommend a proven cost-effective package for plastic resins in the targeted bulk density range.4.2.3 Pallet manufacturers as a common bulk box footprint pallet for the targeted bulk density ranges used by the plastic resin industry.4.2.4 Box liner manufacturers to size their liners to a specified volume dimension.4.2.5 Warehouses to provide space layout plans based on dimensions of the standard box/pallet unit.1.1 This classification covers containers used to hold plastic resins with bulk density (Test Methods D1895) of 27 to 39 lb/ft3 (0.432 to 0.625 g/cm3).1.2 This classification does not apply to any plastic resins with bulk density below 27 lb/ft3 (0.432 g/cm3) or above 39lb/ft3 (0.625 g/cm3).1.3 This classification does not apply to bulk boxes containing hazardous materials.1.4 This classification does not address box/pallet unitization requirements.1.5 This classification does not address requirements of plastic bag liners normally placed inside the corrugated bulk box before filling with plastic resin.1.6 This classification does not address tamping, shaking, or other compression methods of the resin filled bulk box to condense entrained air and increase headspace in the bulk box.1.7 This classification does not address blocking and bracing or other shipping requirements normally associated with bulk box unit deliveries.1.8 This classification does not address filled bulk box/pallet unit stack height.1.9 This classification does not address international shipping regulations of bulk box/pallet units.1.10 This classification does not address pallet opening sizes for pallet trucks.1.11 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.13 This classification offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement. Not all aspects of this classification may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.1.14 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The use of the body measurement information in Tables 1–2 will assist manufacturers in developing patterns and garments that are consistent with the current anthropometric characteristics of the population of interest. This practice should in turn reduce or minimize consumer confusion and dissatisfaction related to apparel sizing. (Also refer to ISO 3635 Size Designation Procedures).4.2 Three-dimensional avatars depicting each of the girls’ sizes on certain measures, were created by Alvanon, Inc. and included in this standard to assist manufacturers in visualizing the posture, shape, and proportions generated by the measurements charts in the accompanying Tables. (See Figs. 1–4.)1.1 These tables list body measurements of big girl’s figure Type Regular sizes 7 through 20. Although these are body measurements, they can be used as a baseline in designing apparel for girls in this size range when considering such factors as fabric type ease for body movement, styling, and fit.1.2 These tables list body measurements for the complete range of big girl’s regular sizing.1.3 The values stated in either acceptable SI units or inch units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The use of the body measurement information in Tables 1–2 will assist manufacturers in developing patterns and garments that are consistent with the current anthropometric characteristics of the population of interest. This practice should in turn reduce or minimize consumer confusion and dissatisfaction related to apparel sizing. (Also refer to ISO 3635 Size Designation Procedures).4.2 Three-dimensional avatars depicting each of the big boys’ sizes on certain measures, were created by Alvanon, Inc. and included in this standard to assist manufacturers in visualizing the posture, shape, and proportions generated by the measurements charts in the accompanying Tables. (See Figs. 1–4.)1.1 These tables list body measurements of big boy’s regular figure Type sizes 7 through 20. Although these are body measurements, they can be used as a baseline in designing apparel for boys regular in this size range when considering such factors as fabric type ease for body movement, styling, and fit.1.2 These tables list body measurements for the complete range of big boy’s sizing.1.3 The values stated in either acceptable SI units or inch units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 The practice describes the procedures for the rehabilitation of gravity pipes, culverts, tunnels, and conduits by the installation of a field-fabricated PVC liner system. After installation of the liner system, cementitious grout is pumped into the annular space between the liner and the host structure. The rehabilitation of the host structure by this installation practice results in a rigid composite structure (PVC liner/grout/existing pipe). This type of rehabilitation process is suitable for a variety of gravity pipe applications such as storm sewers, sanitary sewers, and culverts; and with geometries including circular, egg, ovoid, elliptical, arch, and site-specific composite shapes.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method may be used to:5.1.1 Determine the maximum pore size of a filter,5.1.2 Compare the maximum pore sizes of several filters, and5.1.3 Determine the effect of various processes such as filtration, coating, or autoclaving on the maximum pore size of a membrane.5.2 Membrane filters have discrete pores from one side to the other of the membrane, similar to capillary, tubes. The bubble point test is based on the principle that a wetting liquid is held in these capillary pores by capillary attraction and surface tension, and the minimum pressure required to force liquid from these pores is a function of pore diameter. The pressure at which a steady stream of bubbles appears in this test is the bubble point pressure. The bubble point test is significant not only for indicating maximum pore size, but may also indicate a damaged membrane, ineffective seals, or a system leak.5.3 The results of this test method should not be used as the sole factor to describe the limiting size for retention of particulate contaminants from fluids. The effective pore size calculated from this test method is based on the premise of capillary pores having circular cross sections, and does not refer to actual particle size retention. See Test Method E128 for additional information.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of two of the pore size properties of membrane filters with maximum pore sizes from 0.1 to 15.0 μm.1.2 Test Method A presents a test method for measuring the maximum limiting pore diameter of nonfibrous membranes. The limiting diameter is the diameter of a circle having the same area as the smallest section of a given pore (Fig. 1).FIG. 1 Examples of Limiting Diameters1.3 Test Method B measures the relative abundance of a specified pore size in a membrane, defined in terms of the limiting diameter.1.4 The analyst should be aware that adequate collaborative data for bias statements as required by Practice D2777 is not provided. See the precision and bias section for details.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The microstructure and grain growth of cemented tungsten carbides affect the material's mechanical and physical properties. The grain size and distribution will affect the material's wear resistance and fracture toughness. Abnormally large grains as compared to the background may introduce an area of weakness in a sintered part.5.2 This test method may be used in acceptance testing of cemented tungsten carbide materials or the tungsten carbide powder used in their manufacture. The specified grain size used for the E-Rating is to be agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for measuring abnormally large grains and the frequency of those grains in cemented tungsten carbides (hardmetals).1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Particle size and shape are important in predicting the performance of catalytic materials. They influence the bulk density of the final product and thereby the effectiveness of performance.5.2 Establishing a verification reference for the analyzer that is commercially available and dimensionally reliable to close tolerances enables different analyzers to be easily checked to equivalent standards.5.3 This practice may also be followed to analyze catalytic materials for quality manufacturing purposes. Sections 9 and 10 instruct on sample count determination as well as sampling recommendations. Test Method D6299 may be utilized to monitor performance of the analyzer in measuring the size and shape of catalytic materials.1.1 This practice covers the calibration and verification of Dynamic Imaging Analyzers (analyzers) using catalytic and non-catalytic reference materials. The measurement range of analyzers covers from 500 µm to 20 000 µm.1.2 This practice may also be used to analyze catalytic materials once the analyzer has been calibrated and verified.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard; however, English and mesh units are also acceptable with conversions provided in Appendix X3.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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