This practice establishes the standard method of preserving waterborne oil samples from the time of collection to the time of analysis. Information is provided to ensure sample integrity and to avoid contamination and to minimize microbial degradation. This practice is for controlled field or laboratory conditions and specifies thorough preparation of equipment and precise operation. If, however, these details must be compromised in a field emergency, nonstandard simplifications that will minimize or eliminate consequent errors are recommended. This procedure requires the use of the following apparatuses: sample containers, preferably borosilicate glass (plastic and metal are not acceptable ); closures; an explosion-proof refrigerator; and shipping containers (sturdy cartons or wooden boxes). Samples may be of several types, such as tar balls, collected oil, oil-water mixtures, emulsions, and oil and water on collecting devices such as silanized glass cloth, TFE-fluorocarbon polymer, or other materials. Instructions are given for the care of samples to minimize changes due to autoxidation and microbial attack between the time of sampling and the time of testing. Services available for transportation of samples are described as well.1.1 This practice covers the preservation of waterborne oil samples from the time of collection to the time of analysis. Information is provided to ensure sample integrity and to avoid contamination and to minimize microbial degradation.1.2 The practice is for controlled field or laboratory conditions and specifies thorough preparation of equipment and precise operation. Where these details must be compromised in a field emergency, nonstandard simplifications are recommended that will minimize or eliminate consequent errors.NOTE 1: Procedures for the analysis of oil spill samples are Practices D3326, D3415, and D4489, and Test Methods D3650, D3327, D3328, and D3414. A guide to the use of ASTM test methods for the analysis of oil spill samples is found in Practice D3415.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is intended to simulate the corrosion process of non-ferrous metals in diesel lubricants. The corrosion process under investigation is that believed to be induced primarily by inappropriate lubricant chemistry rather than lubricant degradation or contamination. This test method has been found to correlate with an extensive fleet database containing corrosion-induced cam and bearing failures.31.1 This test method covers testing diesel engine lubricants to determine their tendency to corrode various metals, specifically alloys of lead and copper commonly used in cam followers and bearings.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 The oil absorption number of a specific silica is related to the processing and vulcanizate properties of rubber compounds containing the silica.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the oil absorption number (OAN) of silica.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers a high fire point natural vegetable oil ester insulating fluid for use as a dielectric and cooling medium in new and existing power and distribution electrical apparatus such as transformers and attendant equipment. The physical property requirement including color, fire point, flash point, pour point, relative density, and viscosity shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The electrical property requirements including dielectric breakdown voltage, dissipation factor, and gassing tendency shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The chemical requirements including corrosive sulphur, neutralization number, PCB content, and water shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.1.1 This specification covers a high fire point natural vegetable oil ester insulating fluid for use as a dielectric and cooling medium in new and existing power and distribution electrical apparatus such as transformers and attendant equipment.1.2 Natural vegetable oil ester insulating fluid differs from conventional mineral oil and other high fire point (or “less-flammable”) fluids in that it is an agricultural product derived from vegetable oils rather than refined from petroleum base stocks or synthesized from organic precursors.1.3 This specification is intended to define a natural vegetable oil ester electrical insulating fluid that is compatible with typical materials of construction of existing apparatus and will satisfactorily maintain its functional characteristic in this application. The material described in this specification may not be miscible with some synthetic electrical insulating liquids. The user should contact the manufacturer of the natural ester insulating fluid for guidance in this respect.1.4 This specification applies only to new insulating fluid as received prior to any processing. The user should contact the manufacturer of the equipment or fluid if questions of recommended characteristics or maintenance procedures arise.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide is intended to facilitate the oil spill response equipment selection process for local, regional, and national spill response teams. It is not intended to define rigid sets of equipment standards.4.2 The effectiveness of the equipment chosen to combat an oil spill will depend on the oil type and environment(s) encountered, as well as other factors. This guide is intended to be used by persons generally familiar with the practical aspects of oil spill cleanup operations including on-scene response coordinators, planners, oil spill management teams, oil spill removal organizations, and plan evaluators.4.3 Eleven general types of skimming systems are described in this guide. Each description includes a summary of the operating principle and a list of selection considerations.4.4 Selection considerations are included to guide the user on the selection of a particular skimmer type or category. Users are cautioned that within each category there may be a wide variation in performance among various skimmers.4.5 When selecting a skimmer for use in extremely cold conditions, consideration should be given to the effect of ice forming on the skimmer, changes in buoyancy, possible restriction of inlets, and changes to hydraulic efficiency. Because there may be wide variations in skimmer performance at extreme temperatures, even within a given category, ambient temperature is not included as a selection consideration.1.1 This guide covers considerations for selecting skimmer systems for the recovery of marine-oil spills. The purpose of this guide is to provide oil spill response planners, equipment manufacturers, users, and government agencies with a standard on the equipment selection process for the removal of oil from the marine environment.1.2 This guide does not address the compatibility of spill-control equipment with spill products. It is the user's responsibility to ensure that any equipment selected is compatible with anticipated products and conditions.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide describes a method of determining the buoyancy to weight ratio of spill response booms. The principle is based on Archimedes Law, which states that a body either wholly or partially immersed in a fluid will experience an upward force equal and opposite to the weight of the fluid displaced by it.4.2 Unless otherwise specified, when used in this guide, the term buoyancy to weight ratio (B/W ratio) refers to the gross buoyancy to weight ratio. Buoyancy is an indicator of a spill response boom’s ability to follow the water surface when exposed to current forces, fouling due to microbial growth (which adds weight), and wave conditions. Surface conditions other than quiescent will have an adverse effect on collection or containment performance. When waves are present, conformance to the surface is essential to prevent losses. Minimum buoyancy to weight ratios for oil spill containment booms are specified in Guide F1523 for various environmental conditions.4.3 This guide provides the methodology necessary to determine the buoyancy to weight ratio using a fluid displacement method. This method is typically applied to booms having relatively low B/W ratios (in the range of 2:1 to 10:1). Booms with greater buoyancies may also be tested in this manner. It is acceptable to use calculation methods to estimate boom displacement for booms with buoyancies greater than 10:1, where the potential error in doing so would have a less significant effect on performance.4.4 When evaluating the B/W ratio of a spill response boom, consideration must be given to the inherent properties of the boom that may affect the net B/W ratio while in use. These considerations include, but are not limited to, absorption of fluids into flotation materials, membranes that are abraded during normal use, and entry of water into components of the boom.The entry of water into boom components is of particular concern with booms that contain their flotation element within an additional membrane. (This is the case for many booms that use rolled-foam flotation and relatively lightweight material for the boom membrane.) It is also important for booms that have pockets that enclose cable or chain tension members or ballast. When new, the membrane enclosure may contain air that would result in increased buoyancy. In normal use, the membrane material may be easily abraded such that it would no longer contain air, and water would be allowed in at abrasion locations. For such booms, the membrane enclosure shall not be considered as part of the flotation of the boom, and the membrane shall be intentionally punctured to allow water to enter during the test procedure.1.1 This guide describes a practical method for determining the buoyancy to weight (B/W) ratio of oil spill containment booms.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

3.1 This practice can be used by surveillance and tracking staff to report visual observations. The data produced from such observations will provide the basis for preparing maps of the oil-slick location.3.2 This practice provides a procedure for reporting the visual observation of oil on water in a systematic manner and in a common format.3.3 This practice deals with the possibility that materials other than oil might be confused with oil when using visual observation methods.3.4 Local weather, including sea conditions, should be included in the reports.1.1 This practice covers methods of reporting and recording visual observations of oil on water and related response activities from an airplane or helicopter. While a similar set of codes could be used for classifying oil on beaches, this subject is not discussed in this practice. It does not cover the use of remote-sensing equipment from aircraft, which is discussed in a separate standard. This does not include observations of dispersed oil.1.2 This practice is applicable for all types of oil under a variety of environmental and geographical situations.1.3 Visual observations of oil on water from the air involve a number of safety issues associated with the operation of airplanes or helicopters at low altitudes. These are not dealt with in this practice, but the observer should be aware of the hazards of such operations.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

3.1 This guide is intended to aid in the selection of oil spill containment boom for various response conditions. It is not intended to define rigid sets of boom selection standards.3.2 This guide is intended to be used by persons generally familiar with the practical aspects of oil spill cleanup operations including on-scene response coordinators, planners, oil spill management teams, oil spill removal organizations, and plan evaluators.3.3 Minimum requirements for boom dimensions, buoyancy, and tensile strength are specified in Guide F1523/F1523M. This guide provides additional qualitative information to aid in boom selection.3.4 Seven general types of boom systems are described in this standard. Each description includes a summary of the operating principle and a list of selection considerations.3.5 Definitions relating to boom design, boom types, boom components, boom characteristics, and boom performance can be found in Terminology F818.3.6 Selection considerations are included to help the user on the selection of a particular boom type or category. Users are cautioned that within each category there may be a wide variation in performance among the various booms.1.1 This guide covers the selection of boom for the containment and recovery of marine oil spills.1.2 This guide does not address the compatibility of spill-control equipment with spill products. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure that any equipment selected is compatible with anticipated products and conditions.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers a laboratory determination of the slump of a knife-grade, oil-base, channel glazing compound. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 Each steel rolling mill and operation is particular as to the degree of stability of dispersion required to effect maximum efficiency of lubrication and cooling. This test method is designed to differentiate between coolants for this use. A similar situation is encountered with aluminum rolling mills, but significant differences in designated settling times be required outside the parameter of times used herein. Precision data have only been obtained relative to metastable dispersions for steel mill rolling oils.1.1 This test method covers determination of the dispersion stability of dispersions of rolling oils in water. It is applicable to oils whose water dispersions are stable under moderate agitation, but which show at least some separation upon standing quiescent for 1/2 h, by rising of the oil particles.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.2, A2.1, and A2.5.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Vapor pressure of crude oil at various vapor/liquid ratios is an important physical property for transport, storage, and refinery operations.5.2 Vapor pressure of crude oil is important to crude oil producers, regulators, transporters and refiners for general handling, transportation, and initial refinery treatment.5.3 The direct sample collection and subsequent, in place, vapor pressure measurement without the need for further sample handling eliminates the potential loss of light hydrocarbon material from the sample. The combination of sampling and testing may produce higher results than Test Method D323.5.4 Chilling and air saturation of the sample prior to the vapor pressure measurement (as required in Test Method D323) is not required in this test method.1.1 This test method covers the use of manual vapor pressure instruments to determine the vapor pressure of crude oils exerted in a vacuum. This test method is suitable for testing samples that exert a vapor pressure between 25 kPa and 180 kPa at 37.8 °C at vapor/liquid ratios from 4:1 to 0.25:1 (X = 4 to 0.25, see 3.2.4).NOTE 1: This test method is suitable for the determination of the vapor pressure of crude oils at temperatures from 0 °C to 60 °C and pressures up to 500 kPa, but the precision and bias statements (see Section 15) may not be applicable.1.2 This test method is meant primarily for use under field conditions for immediate evaluation of vapor pressure for storage, transport, or operational uses.1.3 This test method is not intended for use in custody transfer applications. Test Method D6377 shall be used for custody transfer applications.1.4 This test method provides a reasonable confirmation for the presence of light ends in the source material given that the partial pressure of low boiling components contribute significantly to total vapor pressure.1.5 This test method allows both sample collection and subsequent vapor pressure measurement of crude oil samples directly from the sample source. The collected sample may also be transferred to an automated vapor pressure instrument such as used for Test Method D6377. The field test apparatus is suitable for transportation provided suitable over-pack is used to meet the regulations for the transportation of dangerous goods in the transportation jurisdiction(s).1.6 This test method allows the determination of vapor pressure for crude oil samples having pour points below 0 °C and flow at the sampling conditions to allow inlet to the apparatus.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.7.1 Exception—Other units of measurement are included in this standard for ease of use in multiple jurisdictions.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

This guide covers the key factors to consider in estimating the effectiveness of containment and recovery systems that may be used to assist in the control of oil spills on water. The purpose of this guide is to provide the user with information on assessing the effective use of spill-cleanup equipment. It is intended for use by those involved in planning for and responding to oil spills. In evaluating the effectiveness of containment and recovery systems used in response to oil spills, many factors need to be considered of which skimmer performance is but one. The objective of this guide is to describe a range of factors that must be considered in estimating recovery system effectiveness. Response strategies will depend to some extent on the type of spill. The spill scenario should be defined as to whether it is an instantaneous or continuous release, whether or not the spill has ceased flowing, and whether the spill is contained or uncontained. The following oil slick properties must be specified for the spill scenario: spill volume; area; slick thickness; slick viscosity; and emulsification.1.1 This guide covers the key factors to consider in estimating the effectiveness of containment and recovery systems that may be used to assist in the control of oil spills on water.1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide the user with information on assessing the effective use of spill-cleanup equipment. It is intended for use by those involved in planning for and responding to oil spills.1.3 Sections of this guide describe calculation procedures for estimating recovery system effectiveness. It should be understood that any such calculations cannot be expected to predict system performance, but are intended to provide a common basis for comparing system performance.1.4 One of the main reasons that the calculation procedures cannot be used to predict system performance is that the analysis is sensitive to assumptions made on the properties of the oil slick, and particularly the changes in slick thickness and emulsification. It is emphasized that the purpose of this guide is not to provide a standard method for estimating slick property changes, but rather to provide a standard guide for using that information in comparing system performance.1.5 Consideration should be given to alternative means of estimating response system effectiveness, such as Genwest 2012. 21.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 A standard test is necessary to establish a baseline performance parameter so that dispersants can be compared, a given dispersant can be compared for effectiveness on different oils, and at different oil weathering stages, and batches of dispersant or oils can be checked for effectiveness changes with time or other factors. This test method provides a test at low mixing energy that is useful for discriminating subtle changes in effectiveness between variables when dispersant efficacy is high. A higher energy test alternative is the Baffled Flask (Test Method F3251).5.2 Dispersant effectiveness varies with oil type, sea energy, oil conditions, salinity, and many other factors. Test results from this test method form a baseline, but are not to be taken as the absolute measure of performance at sea. Actual field effectiveness could be more or less than this value.5.3 Many dispersant tests have been developed around the world. This test has been developed over many years using findings from world-wide testing to use standardized equipment, test procedures, and to overcome difficulties noted in other test procedures.1.1 This test method covers the procedure to determine the effectiveness of oil spill dispersants on various oils in the laboratory. This test method is not applicable to other chemical agents nor to the use of such products or dispersants in open waters.1.2 This test method covers the use of the swirling flask test apparatus and does not cover other apparatuses nor are the analytical procedures described in this report directly applicable to such procedures.1.3 The test results obtained using this test method are intended to provide baseline effectiveness values used to compare dispersants and oil types under conditions analogous to those used in the test.1.4 The test results obtained using this test method are effectiveness values that should be cited as test values derived from this standard test. Dispersant effectiveness values do not directly relate to effectiveness at sea or in other apparatuses. Actual effectiveness at sea is dependent on sea energy, oil state, temperature, salinity, actual dispersant dosage, and amount of dispersant that interacts with the oil.1.5 The decision to use or not use a dispersant on an oil should not be based solely on this or any other laboratory test method.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车