定价： 515元 加购物车

This specification establishes the criteria for acceptance, prior to installation, of clay flue liners and chimney pots used for conveying hot gases in masonry chimneys. The liners and pots shall be manufactured from fire clay, shale, surface clay, or a combination of these materials that when formed and fired to suitable temperatures, shall yield a product that is strong, durable, serviceable, and conforms to this specification. The liners and pots shall be subjected to absorption, acid resistance, and freeze-thaw cycle tests.1.1 This specification establishes the criteria for acceptance, prior to installation, of clay flue liners and chimney pots used for conveying hot gases in masonry chimneys.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 For installation of clay flue liners, see Practice C1283.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

This specification covers structural clay loading-bearing wall tiles of the following grades: Grade LBX, suitable for general use in masonry construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to weathering; and Grade LB, suitable for general use in masonry where not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry where protected with a facing of stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry. Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing), which must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements. Tiles shall adhere to water absorption, compressive strength, and dimensional (nominal thickness and mass) requirements specified for individual grades.1.1 This specification covers structural clay loadbearing wall tile.1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section 5) of this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.1.3 Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232.)1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

3.1 Tests run on many clays generally indicate that a straight-line relationship exists between the methylene blue index (MBI) and such fundamental clay properties as cation exchange capacity, dry bond strength, and casting rate. Where the colloidal portion of the clay is kaolinite, there is also a direct correlation with specific surface (as determined by nitrogen adsorption). Where the colloidal portion contains significant amounts of illite or montmorillonite, the same close correlation does not exist. The MBI better correlates with the ceramic-forming properties than does the specific surface.3.2 That portion of a clay lying within the colloidal range (generally defined as the 0.5- to 0.001-μm range), determines the strictly colloidal properties of the clay and, together with the amount and type of organic material associated with the clay and the 2- to 0.2-μm fraction, largely determines the properties of the clay when used in ceramic-forming processes. While the specific surface of a clay is a function of the particle size and morphology and a relationship exists between dye adsorption and specific surface, the MBI should not be considered to be a particle size analysis since the value obtained is dominated by the character of only the very fine end of the particle size distribution. This procedure describes the determination of the dye adsorption (in this case, methylene blue) of a clay.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the adsorption of methylene blue dye by a clay, which is calculated as a methylene blue index for a clay.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

4.1 GCLs must be properly manufactured in a manner consistent with a minimum level of quality control as determined by in-house testing of the final product. This practice suggests the types of tests, the methods of the testing, and the minimum testing frequencies.MD = machine direction.    CD = cross-machine direction.    Minimum = lowest result for the produced lot from which the supplied rolls were selected.    Maximum = highest result for the produced lot from which the supplied rolls were selected.    n/a = not applicable.(A) The tests on the bentonite are to be performed on the as-received material before fabrication into the GCL product.(B) Cert letter from component manufacturer or QA from GCL manufacturer, or both. Cert letters must arrive and be checked before the components are used for the GCL production.(C) If the moisture content from the bentonite added during production did not change, the mass per unit area and moisture content of the bentonite (evaluated according to 1.3 in Table 1) can be used to determine the values of the finished GCL product.(D) Components from finished GCL product should not be separated and tested, because the production process may alter the properties of the components.(E) MARV–minimum average roll value, only evaluated for a one-year production period with an average value minus 2 standard deviations. If the production period is less than one year, for example, for job-specific products, a MARV value may not be able to be evaluated, then the minimum value shall be reported.(F) Dried bentonite should be defined as 0 % moisture content.(G) Internal shear testing (Test Method D6243/D6243M) may be applicable to quality control of the bonding strength of non-needle-punched reinforced and stitch-bonded GCLs.(H) This test is not applicable for multi-component GCLs (for example, products with geomembrane backing(s), geofilm backing(s), or polymer backing(s)).4.2 It should be clearly recognized that manufacturers may perform additional tests or at greater frequency than required in this practice, or both. In this case, the manufacturer's quality control plan will then take precedence over this practice. The quoted tests and test methods in Table 1 must appear in the QC plan and the QC report.4.3 It should also be recognized that purchasers and installers of GCLs may require additional tests or greater frequencies than called for in this practice, or both. The organization(s) producing such project-specific specification or quality assurance plan should recognize that such requirements are beyond the current state of the practice. If such a request is made by purchasers or installers, they should clearly communicate the requirements to the manufacturer or supplier during the contract decisions in order that disputes do not arise at a subsequent time.1.1 This practice covers the manufacturing quality control of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), describing types of tests, the proper test methods, and the minimum testing frequencies.1.2 This practice is intended to aid manufacturers, suppliers, purchasers, and users of GCLs in establishing a minimum level of effort for manufacturing quality control.1.3 This practice does not address manufacturing quality assurance, product acceptance testing, or conformance testing. These are independent activities taken by organizations other than the GCL manufacturer.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 571元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

This practice covers the proper methods of installing vitified clay pipe lines in order to fully utilize the structural properties of such pipe. The external loads on installed vitrified clay pipe are of two general types: (I) dead loads and (2) live loads. For pipes installed in trenches at a given depth, the dead load increases as the trench width, measured at the top of the pipe, increases. Live loads that act at the ground surface are partially transmitted to the pipe. Live loads may be produced by wheel loading, construction equipment or by compactive effort. Classes of bedding and encasements for pipe in trenches are defined as Class D wherein the pipe shall be placed on a firm and unyielding trench bottom with bell holes provided, Class C wherein the pipe shall be bedded in clean coarse-grained gravels and sands, Class B wherein the pipe shall be bedded in suitable material and Class A. Trenches shall be excavated to a width that will provide adequate working space, but not more than the maximum design width. Trench walls shall not be undercut. Bell holes shall be excavated to prevent point loading of the bells or couplings of laid pipe, and to establish full-length support of the pipe barrel. Final backfill need not be compacted to develop field supporting strength of the pipe. Final backfill may require compaction to prevent settlement of the ground surface.1.1 This practice covers the proper methods of installing vitrified clay pipe lines by open trench construction methods in order to fully utilize the structural properties of such pipe.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

This specification covers the standard for unglazed, structural clay nonloadbearing screen tile. This standard, however, does not cover the use of results from testing of tile extracted from masonry structures. Specimens in this standard shall be manufactured from clay, shale or similar naturally occurring substances and shall undergo firing. Two types of tiles shall be covered in this specification: the type STX and type STA. Tiles shall adhere to physical properties such durability. All the tiles shall be reasonably free from laminations and other defects.1.1 This specification covers unglazed, structural clay, nonloadbearing screen tile.1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of this specification is beyond the scope of this standard.1.3 Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232).1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

This guide covers guidelines for the acceptance testing requirements for geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) materials, describing types of tests, test methods, and recommended verifications and is intended to aid purchasers, installers, contractors, owners, operators, designers and agencies in establishing a minimum level of effort for product acceptance testing and verification. This guide suggests the types of tests, the methods of the testing, and verification requirements for acceptance testing of GCL materials. It should be recognized that parties, organizations or representatives may perform additional tests and/or at other frequencies than required in this standard guide. In this case, the project-specific acceptance plan will then take precedence over this standard guide. Different properties such as clay mass per unit area, swell index, fluid loss, grab tensile strength, tensile strength, density and thickness of geomembrane support, and bonding peel strength shall be determined by subjecting the material to different test methods.1.1 This guide covers guidelines for the acceptance testing requirements for geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) materials, describing types of tests, test methods, and recommended verifications.1.2 This guide is intended to aid purchasers, installers, contractors, owners, operators, designers, and agencies in establishing a minimum level of effort for product acceptance testing and verification. This is intended to ensure that the supplied GCL rolls meet accepted material specifications.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This guide cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This guide is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this guide be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this guide means only that the guide has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 571元 加购物车

4.1 This test method is of primary significance in determining the acceptability of aggregate with respect to the requirements of Specification C33/C33M.1.1 This test method covers the approximate determination of clay lumps and friable particles in aggregates.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.NOTE 1: Sieve sizes openings are identified by their Specification E11 designation with their alternative Specification E11 designation given in parentheses for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车