4.1 This test method is intended to provide a measure of the volume of dry coating obtainable from a given volume of liquid coating. This value is useful for comparing the coverage (square feet of surface covered at a specified dry film thickness per unit volume) obtainable with different coating products.4.2 For various reasons the value obtained may not be equal to that predicted from simple additivity of the weights and volumes of the raw materials in a formulation. One reason is that the volume occupied by a solution of resin in solvent may be the same, greater, or less than the total volume of the separate ingredients: such contraction or expansion in resin solutions is governed by a number of factors, one of which is the extent and direction of spread between solubility parameters of the resin and solvent.4.3 The spatial configuration of the pigment particles and the degree to which the spaces between the pigment particles are filled with the binder also affect the volume of a dry coating formulation. Above the critical pigment volume concentration, the apparent volume of the dry film is significantly greater than theoretical due to the increase in unfilled voids between pigment particles. The use of volume nonvolatile matter values in such instances should be carefully considered as the increased volume is largely due to air trapped in these voids.1.1 This test method is believed to be applicable to the determination of the volume of nonvolatile matter of a variety of coatings. An interlaboratory study to establish the precision of this test method included a water-reducible exterior latex paint and three automotive coatings that included a solvent-reducible primer surfacer, water reducible primer surfacer, water reducible enamel topcoat, and acrylic dispersion lacquer topcoat. Earlier collaborative studies included a gloss enamel, a flat wall paint, a gloss house enamel, an industrial baking enamel, an interior latex paint, and an exterior latex paint. This method does not apply to radiation curable materials or pigmented coatings.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

5.1 Volatile matter, when determined as herein described, can be used to establish the rank of coals, to indicate coke yield on carbonization process, to provide the basis for purchasing and selling, or to establish burning characteristics.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gaseous products, exclusive of moisture vapor, as volatile matter in the analysis sample of coal or coke from coal.1.2 The test method for the determination of volatile matter is empirical.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 加购物车

4.1 The result obtained by this test is normally considered to be the moisture content of the leather sample. This result is used to correct all other chemical tests to a moisture-free basis.4.2 Materials that are volatile under these conditions, other than water, may be present in the leather, although their amount in any normal leather would be expected to be a very small percentage of the total volatile matter.4.3 Under the conditions of this test, certain materials in leather, such as protein fiber and chromium tanning salts, may retain moisture. Other materials, such as tannins and oils, may be oxidized. Both of these effects produce negative errors in the moisture determination.4.4 The amount of volatile matter (moisture) released by a given leather varies with (a) degree of grinding of the sample, (b) weight of sample taken, (c) temperature and time of the oven drying, (d) shape of the weighing container, and (e) type of oven (gravity versus mechanical convection) used.4.5 Because of the above unknown errors, the result of this test is a purely arbitrary value for the moisture content of the sample. It is, therefore, essential that the method be followed exactly in order to obtain reproducible results among laboratories. This is particularly true if other chemical analytical tests being performed on the same sample are reported on the moisture-free basis.1.1 This test method covers the determination of volatile matter (moisture) in all types of leather.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

3.1 These test methods are mainly intended for referee purposes but can also be used for quality control of rubber production.3.2 The amount of volatiles can affect processing and cure characteristics of compounded rubber.1.1 These test methods cover a hot mill method, two oven methods, and a press method for the determination of moisture and other volatile matter content in synthetic rubber.1.2 Either oven method shall be used especially when the rubber is too tacky to be handled satisfactorily on a hot mill.1.3 The press method shall be used for rubbers that are too crumbly to be retained satisfactorily on a laboratory mill.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is intended for use in quality control, material screening, and related problem solving where a nonvolatile content is desired or a comparison can be made with a known material of the same type.5.2 The parameters described may be altered to suit a particular analysis, provided the changes are noted in the report.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the non-volatile matter of agricultural tank mix adjuvant solutions by thermogravimetry.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

4.1 The test procedures described in this test method can be used to determine the percentage of gaseous products, exclusive of moisture vapor, of any particulate wood fuel meeting the requirements specified in this test method.1.1 This test method determines the percentage of gaseous products, exclusive of moisture vapor, in the analysis sample of particulate wood fuel that is released under the specific conditions of the test. The particulate wood fuel may be sanderdust, sawdust, pellets, green tree chips, hogged fuel, or other type particulate wood fuel having a maximum particle volume of 16.39 cm3 (1 in.3). Volatile matter, when determined as herein described, may be used to indicate yields on processes to provide the basis for purchasing and selling or to establish burning characteristics.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 571元 加购物车

5.1 Test Method D1574 is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing since the method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D1574 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.5.2 This test method may be used to estimate the quantity of oil, grease, and waxy materials remaining on or in wool fibers after scouring, or the quantity of lubricant added before carding or remaining after carding, or the quantity of such materials added or removed in subsequent processing operations.5.3 The residues obtained in this test may be subjected to chemical analysis for identification and assay of the component materials, if desired.5.4 The specified solvent in this test method does not remove some materials, such as soaps, that may be present in wool and hence in some cases may reflect more closely the added content of some extractables in wool such as oils. When such materials are present and an estimate of their quantity is desired, some other solvent or combination of solvents should be used as specified in a material specification or by agreement. The information in the Annex of this test method may be useful for this purpose. Various solvents have been used in the past, and are still used to some extent. Many of these solvents are undesirable, however, because of flammability, toxic or anesthetic effects, or unpleasant odors. Trichlorotrifluoroethane is nonflammable, has a very low level of toxicity, and a high degree of stability and is a good solvent for most fatty or mineral oils, greases, and waxes. The specified solvent, under conditions of the test, was found in interlaboratory test not to extract wool protein.NOTE 2: Since the specified solvent is primarily a solvent for oils rather than soap, the extractable matter obtained in this procedure may be considered a measure of commercial oil content.NOTE 3: Due to the hazardous nature of some of the solvents listed in Table A1.1, the user should refer to the manufacturer's recommendations for use before using under the conditions of this test method.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of extractable matter in samples of all forms of wool, except grease wool, that is extractable with a non-flammable vapor degreasing and cleaning solvent.1.2 This test method does not cover the determination of the amounts of different components in the extracted matter nor their identification.1.3 This test method is suitable for use with other animal fibers.NOTE 1: The determination of extractable matter in yarns and in felts is covered in Test Methods D2257 and D461. For the determination of alcohol-extractable matter in oven-dry scoured wool, refer to Test Methods D584 and D1334.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 5.4 and Note 3.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 571元 加购物车