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1.1 This provisional test method covers a procedure for the extraction and recovery of asphalt binder from asphalt mixtures-both HMA (hot mix asphalt) and RAP (reclaimed/recycled asphalt pavement)-having a minimal effect on the physical properties of the asphalt binder recovered. It is intended for use when the physical properties of the recovered asphalt are to be determined. It can also be used to determine the quantity of asphalt binder in the HMA or RAP. Recovered aggregate may be used for sieve analysis.1.2 The values stated in SI units are regarded as the standard. Values in parentheses are for informational use.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—Provisional standards require only subcommittee consensus and are published for a limited time of two years. This standard is being developed as a provisional standard because this method of extraction and recovery has been shown to produce more repeatable results than other methods of extraction and recovery that were tested. The subcommittee wishes to approve the method so that additional laboratories may use it to assist with the development of precision and bias statements.

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This test method is useful as an indicator of the susceptibility to moisture of compacted bitumen-aggregate mixtures. Note 1—The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Standard Practice are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with alone does not completely assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.1.1 This test method covers measurement of the loss of compressive strength resulting from the action of water on compacted bituminous mixtures containing asphalt cement. A numerical index of reduced compressive strength is obtained by comparing the compressive strength of freshly molded and cured specimens with the compressive strength of duplicate specimens that have been immersed in water under prescribed conditions. 1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bearing ratio of soil-lime mixtures when compacted and tested in the laboratory by comparing the penetration load of the soil-lime mixture to that of a standard material.

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This specification covers hot-mixed, hot-laid asphalt, tar, emulsified asphalt, and recycled bituminous paving mixtures for base, binder, leveling, and surface courses. The aggregates, mineral fillers, bitumen (asphalt cement, tar cement, or emulsified asphalt as appropriate), and bituminous paving mixtures shall be in accordance to specified consistency and compositions. Products shall be sampled, and undergo sieve analysis and other forms of test methods as appropriate for extracting bitumen content, specific gravity, plasticity index, percentage of coated particles, recovery of extracted asphalt, penetration of recovery asphalt, air voids, and absolute viscosity.1.1 This specification covers hot-mixed, hot-laid asphalt, tar, emulsified asphalt, and recycled bituminous paving mixtures for base, binder, leveling, and surface courses.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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The specimens are compacted to simulate the density, aggregate degradation, and structural characteristics possible in the actual road surface when proper construction procedure is used in the placement of the material. The specimens may be used to determine stability, density, strength, water susceptibility, etc., of bituminous mixtures by specified test methods.1.1 This practice covers the preparation of 4-in. (101.6 mm) diameter test specimens of bituminous mixtures containing −7/8-in. (–22.4-mm) aggregate.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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This standard is used to extract and recover asphalt binder from an asphalt mixture sample. The recovered mixture components (asphalt binder and aggregates) can then be subjected to further physical tests.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the extraction and recovery of asphalt binder from asphalt mixtures-both HMA (hot mix asphalt) and RAP (reclaimed/recycled asphalt pavement)—having a minimal effect on the physical properties of the asphalt binder recovered. It is primarily intended for use when the physical properties of the recovered asphalt are to be determined. It can also be used to determine the quantity of asphalt binder in the HMA or RAP. Recovered aggregate may be used for sieve analysis. This may also be accomplished through Test Methods D 2172.1.2 The values stated in SI units are regarded as the standard. Values in parentheses are for informational use.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—It is suggested that agency and personnel performing this test meet the requirements of Specification D 3666.

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This specification covers the standards for plants suitable for producing hot-mixed, hot-laid bituminous paving mixtures. The plant shall be able to uniformly combine and mix different sizes of aggregate from stockpiles, reclaimed asphalt pavement and bituminous material. This specification shall also describe the various components of batch, continuous mix, and drum mix plants. This standard can also be used to evaluate existing plants. This specification however does not cover plant operation and control or mixture production.1.1 This specification covers requirements for plants suitable for producing hot-mixed, hot-laid bituminous paving mixtures.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

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1.1 This provisional test method covers procedures for determining the relative permeability (also referred to as coefficient of permeability) of water saturated laboratory compacted specimens or field cores of compacted bituminous paving mixtures using a flexible wall permeameter.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 Provisional standards achieve limited consensus through approval of the sponsoring subcommittee.1.4 This standard is being developed as a provisional standard because the subcommittee feels that the issuance and subsequent usage of this standard method will be critical in the refinement of the standard in the future.1.5 This provisional standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

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High water concentrations can have a detrimental effect on many uses of aromatic hydrocarbons, their mixtures and related compounds. Water can inhibit desired reactions when aromatic hydrocarbons, their mixtures and related compounds are used in formulations and chemical processes. Water can cause corrosion problems and detrimental effects during the manufacture and processing of aromatic hydrocarbons, their mixtures and related compounds.1.1 This test method describes the use of the Coulometric Karl Fischer (KF) titration for the determination of water in aromatic hydrocarbons and their mixtures, derivatives and related chemicals. 1.2 This test method is applicable to samples with water concentrations from 10 to 400 mg/kg. 1.3 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29. 1.4 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The preferred units are milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg). 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement see Section 8.

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From these tests the relative expansive potential of soil-lime mixtures containing varying amounts of lime can be evaluated. From such an evaluation, the amount of lime required to reduce expansion to acceptable levels can be determined. The data can then be used for the design and specification requirements for subgrades and structural fills where expansive soils are encountered and it is desired to give a certain degree of expansion-shrinkage control to structure foundations and road subgrades. The tests will also show if the specific soils are amenable to lime stabilization.Note 2—The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/and the like. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 These test methods provide procedures for conducting expansion, shrinkage, and uplift pressure tests on compacted soil-lime mixtures and can be used to determine the lime content required to achieve desired control of volume changes caused by increases or decreases of moisture.1.2 The tests can be used to determine (a) the magnitude of volume changes under varying load conditions, (b) the rate of volume change, and (c) the magnitude of pressure change as moisture changes of the soil-lime mixture take place. The permeability of soil-lime mixture can also, if desired, be determined at the various load conditions.Note 1—Changes in field conditions can have major effects on the expansion and shrinkage characteristics of expansive soils. Therefore, to the greatest extent possible, initial and anticipated future field conditions should be duplicated, particularly with respect to moisture and density.1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, D37401.3.1 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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The component distribution of hydrocarbon liquid mixtures is often required as a specification analysis for these materials. Wide use of these hydrocarbon mixtures as chemical feedstocks or as fuel require precise compositional data to ensure uniform quality of the reaction product. In addition, custody transfer of these products is often made on the basis of component analyses of liquid mixtures.The component distribution data of hydrocarbon mixtures can be used to calculate physical properties, such as specific gravity, vapor pressure, molecular weight, and other important properties. Precision and accuracy of compositional data are extremely important when these data are used to calculate physical properties of these products.Note 3—Specifications for some hydrocarbon liquid mixtures, such as LPG, may be based on composition measured by Test Method . Nitrogen and carbon dioxide determinations are not within the scope of Test Method .1.1 This test method covers the analysis of demethanized liquid hydrocarbon streams containing nitrogen/air and carbon dioxide, and purity products, such as an ethane/propane mix that fall within the compositional ranges listed in Table 1. This test method is limited to mixtures containing less than 5 mol % of heptanes and heavier fractions.1.2 The heptanes and heavier fractions, when present in the sample, are analyzed by either (1) reverse flow of carrier gas after n-hexane and peak grouping or (2) precut column to elute heptanes and heavier first as a single peak. For purity mixes without heptanes and heavier, no reverse of carrier flow is required. (CautionIn the case of samples with a relatively large C6+ or C7+ fraction and where precise results are important, it is desirable to determine the molecular weight (or other pertinent physical properties) of these fractions. Since this test method makes no provision for determining physical properties, the physical properties needed can be determined by an extended analysis or agreed to by the contracting parties.)1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.Note 1—Annex A2 states values in manometric units, which are to be regarded as the standard in that section. Approximate SI units (from conversion) are given in parentheses.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 This provisional test method covers the determination of maximum specific gravity of loose bituminous mixtures, as defined in Terminology E 1547, by the vacuum sealing method.1.2 This method can be used with 100 and 150 mm diameter compacted bituminous laboratory and field specimens.1.3 The bulk specific gravity of the compacted bituminous mixtures may be used in calculating the unit weight of the mixture.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.Note 1—Provisional standards require only subcommittee consensus and are published for a limited time of two years. The provisional process was used because of the immediate need for this method to be used in testing pavement mixtures with open graded design, mixtures that readily absorb water and mixtures that allow water to rapidly penetrate and drain out.

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1.1 This provisional test method covers the determination of maximum specific gravity of and density of uncompacted bituminous paving mixtures at 25°C (77°F).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The other units given may be approximate and are given to help the user interpret units on available standard equipment used with this provisional test method.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—Provisional standards require only subcommittee consensus and are published for a limited time of two years. The provisional process was used because agencies and private organizations have an immediate need for a method that will save time and accurately reduce water absorption by absorptive mixes, eliminating the need for post vacuum "dry back" correction and stripping. This method provides a quick way to test loose bitminous mixtures for maximum specific gravity.

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The test procedures and associated analysis techniques described in this method can be used to determine complex shear modulus and permanent shear strain of asphalt mixtures. The shear frequency sweep test at constant height can be used to determine the complex shear modulus of a mixture. The repeated shear test at constant height can be used to determine permanent shear strain under repeated loading.Note 4—The complex shear modulus is used to characterize the shear behavior of the mixture, and the permanent shear strain relates to pavement rutting.1.1 This standard provides performance-related test procedures for the determination of stiffness complex shear modulus and permanent shear strain of asphalt mixtures using the Superpave Shear Tester (SST). This standard is applicable to the testing and analysis of modified and unmodified asphalt mixtures.1.2 This standard is applicable to specimens prepared in a laboratory or cored from a pavement for post-construction analysis. It is intended for use with specimens having the following minimum dimensions:

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