This guide discusses and recommends methods of testing and evaluating dissolved gases in mineral based transformer oils found in load tap changers (LTCs). General types of LTC mechanisms, breathing configurations, and electrical design will be included for evaluation criteria in determining when mechanical damage or failure has occurred. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) of the oil in the LTC is required. This guide is not manufacturer specific, rather category specific.
This document serves as a guide for the application of protective relays used for load shedding and restoration during electric power system abnormal frequency conditions. It presents background information, a bibliography, and recommendations. It discusses abnormal frequency power system behavior, existing load shedding and restoration practices, the abnormal frequency function of typical protective relays, and possible new methods for improved load shedding and restoration. This guide is… read more limited to electric power system applications and does not include abnormal frequency protection for power generating plants. read less
This recommended practice describes how to conduct load-flow studies and analysis for industrial and commercial power systems. It will be of greatest value to the power-oriented engineer with limited experience in this area. It can also be an aid to all engineers responsible for the electrical design of industrial and commercial power systems.
This standard covers certain electrical, dimensional, and mechanical characteristics and takes into consideration certain safety features of 60-Hz, two-winding, liquid-immersed transformers rated as follows, and used for step-down purposes: 1) 833/958 through 8333/10 417 kVA, single-phase; 750/862 through 10 000/12 500 kVA, three-phase; high voltage, 2400 through 138 000 volts; low-voltage, 480 through 36 230 volts; without load tap changing. 2) 12 000/16 000/20 000 through 60 000/80 000/ 100 00… read more 0 kVA, three-phase; high voltage, 23 000 through 230 000 volts; low voltage, 4800 through 36 230 volts; without load tap changing. 3) 3750/4687 through 10 000/12 500 kVA, three-phase; high voltage, 6900 through 138 000 volts", low voltage, 2400 through 36 230 volts; with load tap changing. 4) 12 000/16 000/20 000 through 60 000/80 000/100 000 kVA, three-phase; high voltage, 23 000 through 230 000 volts; low voltage, 4800 through 36 230 volts; with load tap changing It is not intended that this standard shall apply to dry-type, regulating, pad-mounted, secondary-network, furnace, rectifier, or mine transformers. read less