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定价： 2122元 / 折扣价： 1889 元 加购物车

定价： 1665元 / 折扣价： 1482 元 加购物车

定价： 3038元 / 折扣价： 2704 元 加购物车

定价： 3038元 / 折扣价： 2704 元 加购物车

定价： 1290元 / 折扣价： 1149 元 加购物车

定价： 1290元 / 折扣价： 1149 元 加购物车

4.1 This classification provides a single number rating for transmission loss or noise reduction data that have been measured or calculated. This rating is based on the difference between the overall A-weighted sound level of the sound spectrum given in Table 1 and the overall A-weighted sound level of the spectrum that results from arithmetically subtracting the transmission loss or noise reduction data from this spectrum. The spectrum shape is an average of three spectra from transportation sources (aircraft takeoff, road traffic, and diesel locomotive). A study showed that this classification correlated well with the A-weighted and loudness reductions (based on ISO 532:1975 in effect at the time) calculated for each of the individual spectra used in developing the rating for the one-third-octave band range of 50 Hz to 5000 Hz. The calculated numeric value of the rating is based on the sound transmission loss or noise reduction values for a particular specimen and depends only on that data and the shape of the reference source spectrum used in the calculation. The values shown in Table 1 have an arbitrary reference level. Use single-number ratings with caution. Specimens having the same rating can result in different indoor spectra depending on the variation of their transmission loss with frequency. Also, if the actual spectrum of the outdoor sound is different from that assumed in Table 1, the overall A-weighted outdoor-indoor noise reduction can be different from the OINIC. The strong low-frequency content of the spectrum in Table 1 means that specimen achieving a high rating must have strong low-frequency transmission loss. Use of this classification with the spectrum in Table 1 in situations where the source does not have a spectrum similar to Table 1 could result in requirements for more low-frequency transmission loss than is necessary for the application. Examples where this can occur are stage 3 jet aircraft, high-speed freeways with sound dominated by tire noise, emergency vehicle sirens, and train passes with sound dominated by horns.64.2 This classification requires data in one-third octave bands from 80 to 4000 Hz of sound transmission loss (TL) for outdoor-indoor transmission class (OITC), outdoor-indoor noise reduction (OINR(θ)) for outdoor-indoor noise isolation class (OINIC(θ)), or other data based on the rating definition for other ratings based on this classification.4.3 Due to accuracy limitations given in Test Method E90 and Guide E966 (related to the volume of enclosed measurement spaces), measurements below the 100 Hz one-third-octave band were not reported prior to the development of this classification. Studies have shown that data in the 80 Hz one-third octave band are necessary to obtain acceptable correlations for transportation sound sources. Test Method E90 (when testing façade elements or exterior doors or windows) and Guide E966 now require the reporting of data in the 80 Hz one-third-octave band. For the purposes of this classification, such data are deemed to be of acceptable accuracy.4.4 The low frequency measurements of sound transmission loss can be affected by the test specimen size or the specimen edge restraints, or both, particularly for small modular specimens such as doors or windows. Consequently, the outdoor-indoor transmission class (OITC) can also be affected by these factors, resulting in some uncertainty of the field performance of assemblies bearing a rating number using this classification, but to what extent is unknown.1.1 The purpose of this classification is to provide a method to calculate single-number ratings that can be used for assessing the isolation from outdoor sound provided by a building or comparing building facade specimens including walls, doors, windows, and combinations thereof, including complete structures. These ratings are designed to correlate with subjective impressions of the ability of building elements to reduce the penetration of outdoor ground and air transportation noise that contains strong low-frequency sound.2 These ratings provide an evaluation and rank ordering of the performance of test specimens based on their effectiveness at controlling the sound of a specific outdoor sound spectrum called the reference source spectrum.1.2 In addition to the calculation method, this classification provides the definition of the outdoor-indoor transmission class which is not defined elsewhere within ASTM standards. Other standards such as Guide E966 define additional ratings based on the method of this classification, one of which is discussed in this classification.1.3 The rating does not necessarily relate to the perceived aesthetic quality of the transmitted sound. Different facade elements with similar ratings differ significantly in the proportion of low and high frequency sound that they transmit, and the spectra of sources can vary significantly. It is best to use specific sound transmission loss values, in conjunction with actual spectra of outdoor and indoor sound levels, for making final selections of facade elements.1.4 Excluded from the scope of this classification are applications involving noise spectra differing markedly from that shown in Table 1. Thus excluded, for example, would be certain industrial noises with high levels at frequencies below the 80 Hz one-third octave band, relative to levels at higher frequencies, and any source, including some transportation sources, that does not have a spectrum similar to that in Table 1. However, for any source with a spectrum similar to that in Table 1, this classification provides a more reliable ranking of the performance of partitions and facade elements than do other classifications such as Classification E413.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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定价： 571元 加购物车

定价： 646元 加购物车

5.1 Providing speech privacy in open-plan spaces depends upon many factors, the most significant of which are the following: (1) the shadow zone of part-height space dividers and the diffraction of sound from the edges of space dividers; (2) the primary sound reflective properties of the ceiling system; (3) the level of masking sound present in the space; and (4) the distance between speaker and listener. Guide E1374 provides additional detail on the factors contributing to speech privacy in open-plan spaces.5.2 In this test method the third factor, masking sound, is eliminated and the fourth factor, the distance between speaker and listener, is standardized for all specimen types. For the measurement of ceiling systems, the first factor, the shadow zone, is also standardized for each divider height used. Experience has indicated that results obtained by this test method may not fairly represent the speech privacy that may be achievable with non-flat ceiling systems. For the measurement of furniture panels used as acoustical barriers, the second of these factors, the sound reflectance of the ceiling, is standardized. For the measurement of reflective and absorptive vertical surfaces used as wall finishings or furniture panels, the first and second factors are standardized and all paths between the speaker and listener reflecting only off of the ceiling are eliminated.5.3 This test method provides standardized techniques to assess the contribution of specific components of an open-plan space. The test method specifies an acoustical testing environment for each component type that isolates its contribution from the contribution of other components, which may in actual open-plan environments contribute significantly to the overall speech privacy.5.4 The significance of test results obtained by this test method must also be considered with regard to the attainable measurement accuracy. The attainment of speech privacy in the presence of masking sound is critically dependent upon sound level of the speech relative to the masking sound; a change as small as 2 dB in either the speech or masking sound may change the privacy from significant to insignificant. The normally accepted test accuracies for sound attenuation measurements may be inadequate to evaluate components having marginal interzone attenuation performance for open-office needs.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the interzone attenuation for three components of open-plan spaces:1.1.1 Ceiling systems when used in conjunction with partial-height space dividers. This arrangement is commonly used in offices to achieve speech privacy between work zones in the absence of full-height partitions. This test method is applicable to any ceiling configuration, including, for example, a pattern of sound-reflective panels in an otherwise sound-absorptive ceiling. This test method generally requires use of a fixed space divider height of 1.50 m [5 ft]. In recognition of trends toward alternate divider heights in open office environments, measurements with an alternate divider height may be conducted in accordance with this standard.1.1.2 Furniture panels used as acoustical barriers in open-plan spaces to provide speech privacy or sound isolation between working positions.1.1.3 Vertical panels, including wall finishes such as sound-absorbent panels, and furniture panels or screens which may reflect sound. It may not be applicable to such items as window finishes or furniture other than panels if these differ significantly from flat wall panels.1.1.4 The combination of results from the various components of an open-plan office is beyond the scope of this standard.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.3 Unless otherwise qualified, all dimensions specified in this test method shall be understood to have a tolerance of ±6 mm (±1/4 in.) The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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定价： 712元 加购物车

This specification covers a test method and the corresponding performance requirement for the maximum impact attenuation in all types of turf playing systems installed for North American football fields that is intended to establish a method for identifying and reporting areas within an existing playing system where shock-absorbing properties exceed recommended threshold values. The turf playing system typically includes field areas within and outside the inbound lines extending to the sport specific limit lines as defined by the appropriate regulating body or appropriate standard, or both. All of these areas are regions where an athlete should expect compliant impact attenuation characteristics, but, it does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface system complies with this specification. The test method, aptly called the free-fall drop test, shall be performed at eight different test point locations for four specific types of surface systems, namely: synthetic turf systems with resilient padding; natural turf systems; combination turf systems; and infill synthetic turf systems.1.1 This specification establishes an in situ test method and maximum impact attenuation value for all types of turf playing systems and for a number of sport-specific field layouts. It also includes a protocol for determining test point locations on fields that are lined for multiple sports.1.1.1 Turf playing systems may be located outdoors or indoors, and typically include field areas within the in-bounds lines and areas outside the in-bounds lines extending to sport-specific limit lines; areas where an athlete should expect to encounter impact attenuation performance that complies with this specification.1.1.2 Site-specific conditions may exist wherein non-turf surface materials, such as track surfacing and/or covers over subsurface structures, are found within the boundaries of the limit lines. These alternate surface materials are not included in the scope of this specification.1.2 This specification establishes a method for reporting test results and identifying areas within an existing turf playing system where impact attenuation measurements exceed required threshold values.1.3 Nothing in this specification is intended to impose limitations on what fields can be tested, or how a particular field can be used. Test providers can adapt the procedures and guidelines contained herein to tests performed on any turf playing system.1.4 This specification does not imply that an impact-related injury cannot be incurred if a turf playing system complies with its g-max performance requirement.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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定价： 918元 加购物车