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This specification establishes the material requirements and installation procedures for driven steel post drive anchor systems. It provides an alternative to the use of concrete footings for the purpose of installing steel post frameworks to support chain link, expanded metal, welded wire mesh, wood, ornamental, rigid PVC, and composite fence. The drive anchor clamp bracket—the pressed steel fitting that secures the drive anchors to the post—shall be pressed steel, minimum of 11 ga. x 1 in. wide, minimum 1.2 oz/ft² hot dipped zinc coating. The bracket shall be secured using 3/8 in. diameter bolts. Industrial/commercial applications require all driven steel anchors, including round or square sections, to have equal or greater strength characteristics as the historical 1 1/2 in. x 1 1/2 in. x 1/8 in. steel angle irons. Whichever shape is chosen, the yield strength shall be 35,000 psi, maximum bending moment 6,462 lb/in., minimum 1.2 oz/ft² zinc coating, and gripping surface area 3 in.².This specification also includes post-anchoring system guidelines for commercial use.1.1 This standard provides an alternative to the use of concrete footings for the purpose of installing steel post framework to support chain link, expanded metal, welded wire mesh, wood, ornamental, rigid PVC, and composite fence.1.2 This standard is not intended to include all methods available to support fence post framework.1.3 This standard does not intend to preclude any practice that has proven equal to or given better performance under varying conditions such as location, weather, or intended use.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The purpose of this practice is to provide designers, engineers, manufactures, owners, and operators with criteria and references for use in designing, inspecting, and operating patron transportation conveyor systems which are integral with a water related ride or device.1.1 This practice applies to the classification, design, manufacture, construction, and operation of patron transportation conveyors, integral with the operation of water related amusement rides or devices as scoped in Practice F2376-21a.1.2 This practice applies to conveyors used for patron loading/unloading or to transport patrons on rafts, tubes, or other vehicles. Loading, sequencing, transitioning, starting, and unloading conveyors that carry patrons are included in the scope of this practice.1.3 This practice shall affect new conveying systems or major modifications of conveyors used in an amusement ride or attraction.1.4 This practice includes an appendix (non-mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and so forth) to improve the user’s understanding and application of the criteria presented in this practice. The appendix information shall not be interpreted as mandatory design criteria.1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The metallurgical properties of materials used to manufacture absorbable metallic implants can influence biological reactions and mechanical interaction with soft and hard tissue in the body. This standard guide describes a suggested material characterization scheme for absorbable metallic materials to ensure reproducibility of properties prior to their manufacture into medical implants.1.1 This guidance document provides metallurgical characterization information that may be beneficial in the evaluation of absorbable metallic materials intended for medical implant applications. This guide is primarily intended for absorbable metallic materials that undergo further processing into a fabricated final device. Therefore, this standard does not require assessments that are more appropriately conducted on the final device, such as biological evaluation. However, a few relevant standards for finished implant devices are included for information purposes.1.2 The purpose of this guide is to identify appropriate test methods and relevant medical product standards that can be used to develop future standards for new or modified absorbable metallic materials.1.3 This guide is not intended to cover other major classes of absorbable materials such as polymers, ceramics, composites, and tissue-engineered materials.1.4 This standard guide is focused on the chemical, physical, microstructural, and mechanical properties plus inspection guidelines for metallic materials that are used for medical implants designed to be absorbed in the body over a period of time. This guide focuses on material characterizations and does not address device specific mechanical testing that may be necessary to determine safety and functionality of the implant.1.5 Compliance with materials specifications developed in accordance with this standard may not necessarily result in a material suitable for its intended purpose. Additional testing specific to the intended use may be required.1.6 Since surface modifications of medical implants are generally applied in the latter stages of manufacturing, this standard guide does not cover the characterization of either absorbable or non-absorbable surface coatings that are metallic in origin such as oxides or from the addition of other materials such as ceramics or polymers. However, this standard does apply to absorbable metallic materials, regardless of the presence or absence of a coating.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers performance requirements and corresponding test methods for throat protectors marketed, sold, and intended for use by ice hockey goalkeepers. It aims to reduce the risk of injury to the throat without compromising the form or appeal of the game. To this end, the protector shall be used as intended within the rules of the game and in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.This specification includes a protocol for testing throat protectors, which covers: construction, coverage, marking, and information relevant to users as well as sampling, low-temperature conditioning, determination of Head-Positioning Index (HPI) and puck impact resistance, and information that must be contained in the test report.1.1 This specification covers performance requirements and test methods for throat protectors marketed, sold, and intended for ice hockey goalkeepers.1.2 The intent of this specification is to reduce the risk of injury to the throat without compromising the form or appeal of the game. To do so, the protector shall be used:1.2.1 As intended within the rules of the game and1.2.2 In accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.1.3 Ice hockey is a sport with intrinsic hazards associated with the normal conduct of the game. Participation in ice hockey implies the acceptance of some risk of injury. Use of a throat protector certified to this specification will not prevent all injuries.1.4 This specification has been prepared after careful consideration of the frequency and mechanisms associated with throat injuries that can potentially occur within the rules of the game of ice hockey.1.5 Requirements and the corresponding test methods, where appropriate, are given for the following:1.5.1 Construction,1.5.2 Puck impact resistance,1.5.3 Coverage,1.5.4 Marking and information.1.6 Throat protection is intended for use by goalkeepers.1.7 Use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows.1.8 Although the intended primary application of this specification is stated in this scope, note that it remains the responsibility of the users of this specification to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F3168-23 Standard Practice for Hayride Attractions Active 发布日期 :  实施日期 : 

4.1 The purpose of this standard practice is to delineate requirements regarding the design, operation, maintenance and inspection of hayride attractions with the primary purpose of entertainment, recreation or agritourism.1.1 This practice applies to hayride attractions used primarily in amusement, entertainment, recreational or agritourism applications. Such applications include but are not limited to family entertainment centers, camps, shopping centers, malls, seasonal attractions, pumpkin patches, corn mazes, farms, tree farms, temporary special events, fairs, carnivals and municipal parks.1.2 This practice is intended to provide consistent criteria, references and operational considerations in the specifications, management and operation of hayride attractions.1.3 This practice establishes guidelines that will provide a level of conformity for the purpose of reducing potential hazards to patrons, attendants, actors and spectators.1.4 This practice is intended to be taken into consideration by architects, designers, engineers, construction contractors, manufacturers, appropriate inspectors, owners and operators who are involved with the design, construction, manufacture, installation, operation, maintenance, inspection or major modification of hayride attractions.1.5 This practice specifically includes the following types of devices or attractions:1.5.1 Hayride attractions used as an element or in combination with another hayride attraction, corn maze, zombie walk, paintball game, tree harvesting farm, seasonal attraction, haunted house, haunted attraction, fair, exposition or agritourism event.1.5.2 Hayride attractions used primarily in off road applications, fixed courses or designated areas.1.5.2.1 Hayride attractions in this standard are towed by mechanical means.1.6 This practice specifically excludes the following types of devices or attractions:1.6.1 Hayride attractions designed exclusively for private or home use.1.6.2 Amusement rides, devices or attractions with a mechanical power rating of 27 (hp) or less and commonly referred to as a trackless train, mall train, tandem wagon or barrel train.1.6.3 Animal powered or drawn carriages, wagons or trailers.1.6.4 Human powered or drawn carriages, wagons or trailers.1.6.5 Passenger trams used primarily in amusement parks, theme parks, zoos, wildlife parks or water parks.1.6.6 Amusement rides, devices or attractions where the passenger carriers are guided by a rail or track system.1.6.7 Parade floats.1.7 This standard practice does not purport to address all of the hazards associated with hayride attractions. The practice’s existence alone will not prevent injuries. Like other physical activities, hayride attraction use involves the risk of injury, particularly if the equipment is used improperly or if users fail to follow the posted rules or fail to follow attendant’s instructions. The text of this standard practice references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.8 This practice includes an appendix (non-mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background, interpretations, drawings, commentary and so forth) to improve the user’s understanding and application of the criteria presented in this practice. The appendix information shall not be interpreted as mandatory criteria.1.9 This standard includes the following sections:  Section 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3 4Design 5Ownership, Operation, Maintenance, Inspection and Training Requirements 6Requirements 6.1Adjustments 6.2Loading and Unloading 6.3Owner/Operator Responsibilities 6.4Inspection Program 6.5Maintenance of Tow Vehicles and Wagons/Trailers 6.6Driver Training 6.7Driving Speeds 6.8Operating on Non-Private Roads 6.9Communication System 6.10Emergency Access 6.11Emergency Response/Evacuation 6.12Attendant/Actor Safety 6.13Patron Education 6.14Patron Responsibility 6.15Incident Reports 6.16Signage/Rules 6.17Keywords 7Appendix Appendix X11.10 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers airworthiness design criteria for aeroplane handling characteristics in flight and on ground and water. The applicant for a design approval shall seek the individual guidance of their respective civil aviation authority (CAA) body concerning the use of this specification as part of a certification plan.1.1 This specification addresses the airworthiness requirements for aeroplane handling characteristics in flight and on ground and water.1.2 The material was developed through open consensus of international experts in general aviation. This information was created by focusing on Normal Category aeroplanes; however, the content may be more broadly applicable, and should not be unduly limited. The topics covered within this specification are: Flight Characteristics, Controllability, Trim, Stability, Ground and Water Handling Characteristics, and Vibration, Buffet, and High-speed Characteristics.1.3 An applicant intending to propose this information as Means of Compliance for a design approval must seek guidance from their respective oversight authority (for example, published guidance from applicable CAAs) concerning the acceptable use and application thereof. For information on which oversight authorities have accepted this specification (in whole or in part) as an acceptable Means of Compliance to their regulatory requirements (hereinafter “the Rules”), refer to the ASTM Committee F44 web page (www.astm.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm). Annex A1 maps the Means of Compliance of the ASTM standards to EASA CS-23, amendment 5, or later, and FAA 14 CFR Part 23, amendment 64, or later, rules.1.4 Units—This specification may present information in either SI units, English Engineering units, or both; the values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This standard covers performance requirements, test methods, and marking/labeling requirements for special needs shopping carts.1.2 This standard is intended to address special needs shopping carts for use by children and adults with special needs.1.3 This standard does not include any provisions for the use of infant carriers on the special needs shopping cart.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this standard. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This standard is not intended to address restraint systems. It is the manufacturers’ responsibility to determine whether or not a restraint system is required.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification provides airworthiness design requirements for general aeroplane performance, and is applicable to small aeroplanes as defined in Terminology F3060. The applicant for a design approval shall seek the individual guidance to their respective civil aviation authority (CAA) body concerning the use of this specification as part of a certification plan.1.1 This specification covers the airworthiness design standards associated with general aeroplane performance. The material was developed through open consensus of international experts in general aviation. This information was created by focusing on Normal Category aeroplanes. The content may be more broadly applicable; it is the responsibility of the Applicant to substantiate broader applicability as a specific means of compliance. The topics covered within this specification are: Stalling, Takeoff and Landing Speeds; Takeoff Performance, Distances and Path; Climb; Landing Performance and Distances; Balked Landing.1.2 An applicant intending to propose this information as Means of Compliance for a design approval must seek guidance from their respective oversight authority (for example, published guidance from applicable civil aviation authorities (CAAs)) concerning the acceptable use and application thereof. For information on which oversight authorities have accepted this standard (in whole or in part) as an acceptable Means of Compliance to their regulatory requirements (hereinafter “the Rules”), refer to ASTM Committee F44 webpage (www.astm.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm).1.3 Units—This specification may present information in either SI units, English Engineering units, or both. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification establishes the airworthiness design requirements for low-speed aeroplane flight characteristics. The applicant for a design approval shall seek the individual guidance to their respective civil aviation authority (CAA) body concerning the use of this specification as part of a certification plan.This specification is applicable to small aeroplanes and covers departure characteristics, spinning, and stall warning.1.1 This specification covers the low-speed flight characteristics of fixed-wing aircraft and provides standards for departure characteristics, spinning, and stall warning. The material was developed through open consensus of international experts in general aviation. This information was created by focusing on Normal Category aeroplanes. The content may be more broadly applicable; it is the responsibility of the Applicant to substantiate broader applicability as a specific means of compliance. The topics covered within this specification are: (4.1) Low-Speed Flight Characteristics Score, (4.2) Stall Characteristics, (4.3) Stall Warning, (4.4) Departure Characteristics: Single Engine, (4.5) Departure Characteristics: Multiengine, (4.6) Spinning, and (4.7) Safety-Enhancing Features.1.2 An applicant intending to propose this information as Means of Compliance for a design approval must seek guidance from their respective oversight authority (for example, published guidance from applicable CAAs) concerning the acceptable use and application thereof. For information on which oversight authorities have accepted this standard (in whole or in part) as an acceptable Means of Compliance to their regulatory requirements (hereinafter “the Rules”), refer to the ASTM Committee F44 webpage (www.astm.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm).1.3 Units—This standard may present information in either SI units, English Engineering units, or both; the values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This practice is for use by water utilities or other owners, contractors, specifiers, regulatory agencies, inspection organizations or other users who are involved in the rehabilitation of potable water pipelines and wish to specify or permit the use of spray-applied polymeric liners.1.1 This practice describes the procedures for the rehabilitation of potable water pipes using spray-applied polymeric coatings for pipelines constructed of iron, steel, or asbestos cement using resin materials that have been certified in accordance with NSF/ANSI 61 for the in-situ lining of potable water mains.1.2 This practice applies to potable water pipelines constructed of metallic or non-metallic piping in the diameter ranges of 4 in. (10 cm) to 36 in. (90 cm). Specialist advice should be sought from the product manufacturer for polymeric linings applied to other nonmetallic surfaces and for applied linings outside of these diametric limitations.1.3 This practice applies to in-situ pipes requiring AWWA Class I (nonstructural) linings through Class III (semi-structural) linings (see AWWA M28).1.4 This practice does not address lining system design. Assistance with lining system design is available from lining system manufacturers and operators who have been professionally trained and experienced in polymeric liner design.1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This standard practice is a procedure to evaluate the ductility of side bend test specimens that are a transverse section of the pipe wall and butt fusion. Side bend test specimens are prepared from bend test coupons from sample polyethylene pipe butt fusion joints that are made using polyethylene pipe having a wall thickness of approximately 1 in. (25 mm) and greater. A three-point bend is applied to the side bend test specimen by pressing the side bend test specimen into a gap between two rotatable supports with a loading nose. The bending load is applied such that the bending strain is transverse to the plane of the fusion joint.5.2 Equipment for cutting bend test coupons, preparing side bend test specimens and conducting this practice is available for laboratory and for field use.5.3 Benchmark criteria for evaluating field testing results are developed by testing a statistically valid number of sample butt fusions in a controlled environment, preferably using equipment for field use. Guided side bend test results from field tests are then evaluated by comparison to benchmark test results from the controlled environment.1.1 This practice provides information on apparatus, specimen preparation and procedure for conducting a guided three point side bend evaluation of a transverse specimen cut from a coupon removed from a butt fusion joint in polyethylene pipe having a wall thickness of approximately 1 in. (25 mm) and thicker. See Fig. 1. This practice provides a means to assess ductility of a butt fusion joint by applying a lateral (side) bending strain across a specimen taken from the full butt fusion cross-section, from outside diameter to inside diameter.NOTE 1: For wall thicknesses less than 1 in. the user is referred to Practice F2620, Appendix X4.1 for bend back testing.FIG. 1 Guided Side Bend Conceptual Schematic1.2 No test values are provided by this practice. The result is a non-numerical report. Criteria for test result evaluation are provided in standards or codes that specify the use of this practice by comparison to benchmark laboratory results as described in 5.3 or by comparison to example results presented in Appendix X1 to this practice.1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 2: Laboratory methods that are commonly used for testing polyethylene butt fusion joints include Test Method D638, Test Method D790 and Test Method F2634.NOTE 3: This practice has been developed for use on butt fusion joints in polyethylene pipe with a wall thickness of 1.00 in. or greater. The practice may be used on butt fusion joints in polyethylene pipe with thinner wall thicknesses. However, the applicability of the practice should be determined by the user of the practice.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification establishes the requirements for additive manufacturing of stainless steel alloy (UNS S31603) components by means of laser and electron beam-based full melt powder bed fusion processes. The components produced by these processes are typically used in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.1.1 This specification covers additive manufacturing of UNS S31603 components by means of laser and electron beam-based full melt powder bed fusion processes. The components produced by these processes are used typically in applications that require mechanical properties similar to machined forgings and wrought products. Components manufactured to this specification are often, but not necessarily, post processed via machining, grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), polishing, and so forth to achieve desired surface finish and critical dimensions.1.2 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of additively manufactured UNS S31603 components for defining the requirements and ensuring component properties.1.3 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining components that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.1.4 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Supplementary Requirements S1–S16.1.5 The compositional requirements specified in this specification do not meet the compositional requirements for surgical implant grade UNS S31673.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Other units are included only for informational purposes.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The dynamic interaction between the athlete and the synthetic turf surface affects the comfort and the performance of the athlete. Interaction with a surface that has low amounts of deformation and shock absorption allows the player to run fast and turn quickly, but has the potential to cause discomfort and damage to the lower extremity joints. Synthetic turf surfaces having high deformation have lower energy restitution. Less of the energy exerted by the athlete returns from the surface, possibly increasing the fatigue for the performing athlete.1.1 This test method specifies a method for measuring force reduction, vertical deformation, and energy restitution of synthetic turf surfaces.1.2 This method is used to characterize properties of synthetic turf systems including the turf fabric, infill material, and shock pad (if applicable).1.3 It can be used for characterizing synthetic turf systems in laboratory environment or in the field.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice is useful as a screening basis for acceptance or rejection of transparencies during manufacturing so that units with identifiable flaws will not be carried to final inspection for rejection at that time.4.2 This practice may also be employed as a go-no go technique for acceptance or rejection of the finished product.4.3 This practice is simple, inexpensive, and effective. Flaws identified by this practice, as with other optical methods, are limited to those that produce temperature gradients when electrically powered. Any other type of flaw, such as minor scratches parallel to the direction of electrical flow, are not detectable.1.1 This practice covers a standard procedure for detecting flaws in the conductive coating (heater element) by the observation of polarized light patterns.1.2 This practice applies to coatings on surfaces of monolithic transparencies as well as to coatings imbedded in laminated structures.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价: 515 加购物车

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5.1 This standard practice is designed to specify the minimum training and testing required of HFE operators trainees before they obtain a Heat Fusion Equipment Operator Qualification card. It will allow the industry to require the “HFE” operators be trained and qualified to an approved procedure before they can heat fuse PE or PA pipe in the field. The standard practice will bring more competency in the operators and more consistency in the training they receive.1.1 This practice describes criteria for the training, assessment and qualification of heat fusion equipment (HFE) operators in, but not limited to, a field environment in order to establish and maintain competency in the joining of Polyethylene (PE) and Polyamide (PA) piping systems.1.2 This HFE operator training and qualification is applicable to heat fusion joining of PE pipe and fittings to other PE pipe and fittings of related polymer chemistry specified in the heat fusion procedures or standards used. It is also applicable to heat fusion joining of PA pipe and fittings to other PA pipe and fittings of the same polymer chemistry specified in the heat fusion procedures or standards used. The heat fusion between PE pipe and fittings to PA pipe and fittings is NOT allowed.1.3 The HFE operator training and qualification shall be for butt fusion for either PE or PA piping products, using the specific brand and size range of fusion machine to be used by the HFE operator and the heat fusion procedures or standards specified. If the HFE operator trainee requests, the training shall also include saddle and/or socket fusion of PE pipe and fittings of related polymer chemistry specified in the heat fusion procedures or standards used. This standard does not include training on the electro-fusion of these piping products.1.4 The HFE operator qualification shall be for one specific manufacturer’s fusion machine or a size range of that manufacturer’s hydraulic fusion machines or equipment that all operate in the same manner with the same hydraulic design and controls and the same heater and facer design. For smaller pipe sizes (6 in. and smaller), the qualification can be on a specific fusion machine or a combination of butt, saddle and/or socket fusion machines or equipment.1.5 The HFE operator qualification shall be on specific heat fusion procedures or standards specified for PE and PA pipes. For PE pipe and fittings, this shall include Practice F2620 or other company or pipe manufacturer’s procedures, or a combination thereof. For PA-11 pipe and fittings, this shall include Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) Technical Report TR-45 or other company or pipe manufacturer’s procedures. For PA-12 pipe and fittings, this shall include Practice F3372 or other company or pipe manufacturer’s procedures, or a combination thereof. For other PA pipe materials, use other company or pipe manufacturer’s procedures.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价: 590 加购物车

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