1.1 This specification covers bridge bearings that consist of an unconfined polyether urethane rotational element subjected to compression loads, along with a resisting mechanism to transmit shear and/or tension loads through the bearing. For expansion and/or contraction applications, an additional stainless steel flat surface slides against a carbon steel plate faced with sheet polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The function of the bearing is to transfer loads and to accommodate any relative movement, including rotation between a bridge superstructure and its supporting structure, or both.1.2 The requirements stated in this specification are the minimums necessary for the manufacture of quality bearing devices. It may be necessary to increase these minimum values due to other design or construction conditions.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 Occasions exist where static charges on the vehicle must be dissipated by way of the tires. Electrical resistance inversely measures the tire's ability to dissipate static charge from the vehicle.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the electrical resistance between the wheel of a mounted and inflated tire-wheel assembly and a flat conducting surface in loaded contact with the tire.1.2 This test method specifies procedures and equipment such that electrical resistance can be accurately determined for tires with values up to 1012 Ω (ohms).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 These test methods are intended to determine the ultimate failure load of a ceramic femoral knee component. This information can be used for evaluation of different ceramic component designs or different ceramic materials, or for series production control.5.2 Although the test methodology described attempts to identify physiologically relevant intraoperative and in vivo loading conditions, the interpretation of results is limited to an in vitro comparison between ceramic femoral component designs and materials regarding their static ultimate failure load under the stated test conditions.1.1 The test methods included in this standard cover two procedures for static burst testing of a ceramic femoral component used in total knee replacement (TKR). The two procedures are used to determine the static ultimate failure load of a ceramic femoral knee component. Both procedures are simulating in vivo loading conditions. One of the procedures additionally simulates intraoperative loading conditions. The standard applies to cruciate retaining (CR) femoral components which cover both the medial and lateral condyles and the patellar surface of the femur. These test methods may require modifications to accommodate other femoral component designs.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Rock bolts are used for support in a variety of mining and civil engineering situations.3 After a bolt is installed, the load generally decreases over time due to deterioration of the borehole wall, creep, and other factors. This process may be arrested by fully encapsulating the bolt shortly after installation. This encapsulation is generally done by pumping the bolt hole full of cement grout, though synthetic resins may also be used. The rate of load loss determines the interval during which the bolt must be encapsulated during construction.5.2 The local characteristics of the rock, such as roughness of the borehole and induced fractures, are significant factors in the load loss characteristics of the bolt. To obtain realistic values, the test holes should be drilled using the same methods as those used for the construction boreholes.5.3 In establishing a testing program, the following factors should be considered:5.3.1 Load retention tests should be conducted in all rock types where construction bolts will be installed. If the rock is anisotropic, for example, bedded or schistose, the tests should be conducted in the same orientations relative to the anisotropy as the construction bolts will be installed.5.3.2 In each rock type, at each orientation, and for each anchor system, a sufficient number of tests should be conducted to determine the average and minimum long-term capacities within a fixed uncertainty band at the 95 % confidence level. The allowable uncertainty band depends on the project and involves such factors as rock quality, expected project lifetime, and importance of the areas to be bolted. The uncertainty band determination will require considerable engineering judgment. As a rough guideline, at least six long-term tests for a single set of variables have been found necessary to satisfy the statistical requirements.5.3.3 The design load and installation load on the rock bolt system should be predetermined. The installation load is less than the anchor capacity, as determined by Test Method D4435. The design load is less than the installation load; the amount depends on rock properties and the minimum time required to encapsulate the bolts. Alternatively, this method can be run for a predetermined time interval based on construction requirements, and a realistic design load can be determined from the data.Note 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 The objective of this test method is to determine the time over which rock bolt tension decreases from the installed value to a designated minimum value.1.2 This test method is applicable to any anchor system which is not fully encapsulated immediately upon installation, including mechanical, cement grout, resin (epoxy, polyester, and the like) or other similar systems.1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than inch-pounds shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.1.3.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 This test method is used primarily as a field test to determine the readiness of the CLSM to accept loads prior to adding a temporary or permanent wearing surface.5.2 This test method is not meant to predict the load bearing strength of a CLSM mixture.5.3 This test is one of a series of quality control tests that can be performed on CLSM during construction to monitor compliance with specification requirements. The other tests that can be used during construction control are Test Methods D4832, D6023, and D6103.NOTE 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/and the like. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This test method explains the determination of the ability of Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM) to withstand loading by repeatedly dropping a metal weight onto the in-place material.1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.1.2.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units presented in brackets are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 CLSM is also known as flowable fill, controlled density fill, soil-cement slurry, soil-cement grout, unshrinkable fill, “K-Krete,” and other similar names.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)

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定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of narrow elastic fabrics because the test method is used in the trade for acceptance testing.5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the parties should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If bias is found, either the cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.5.2 This test method specifies the use of a static load apparatus. Users of this test method are cautioned that elongation test data obtained using this test method are not comparable to elongation test data obtained using either constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) or constant-rate-of-loading (CRL) type tensile testing machines.1.1 This test method determines the elongation characteristics of narrow elastic fabrics made from natural or man-made elastomers, either alone or in combination with other textile fibers, when tested with a static load testing procedure before or after laundering.NOTE 1: For determination of similar characteristics using the constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) type tensile testing machine, refer to Test Method D4964.NOTE 2: For determination of similar characteristics using the constant-rate-of load (CRL) type tensile testing machine, refer to Test Method D1775.1.2 The use of this test method requires the selection of, or mutual agreement upon, the effective static load at which the test results will be determined.1.3 Laundering procedures used will be those specified in Test Method AATCC 135 for 3 washing and drying cycles.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Diesel fuel injection equipment has some reliance on lubricating properties of the diesel fuel. Shortened life of engine components, such as diesel fuel injection pumps and injectors, has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in a diesel fuel.5.2 The trend of SLBOCLE test results to diesel injection system pump component distress due to wear has been demonstrated in pump rig tests for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is believed to be a factor in the operation of the component.65.3 The tangential friction force, as measured in the SLBOCLE test, is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity evaluations are also sensitive to trace contaminants acquired during test fuel sampling and storage.5.4 The SLBOCLE and High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR, Test Method D6079) are two methods for evaluating diesel fuel lubricity. No absolute correlation has been developed between the two test methods.5.5 The SLBOCLE may be used to evaluate the relative effectiveness of diesel fuels for preventing wear under the prescribed test conditions. If a standard SLBOCLE rating has been set, then the single-load test provides a more rapid evaluation than the incremental load test. Correlation of SLBOCLE test results with field performance of diesel fuel injection systems has not yet been determined.5.6 This test method is designed to evaluate boundary lubrication properties. While viscosity effects on lubricity in this test method are not totally eliminated, they are minimized.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the lubricity (load carrying ability) of diesel fuels using a scuffing load ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (SLBOCLE).1.2 This test method is applicable to middle distillate fuels, such as Grades Low Sulfur No. 1 D, Low Sulfur No. 2 D, No. 1 D, and No. 2 D diesel fuels, in accordance with Specification D975; and other similar petroleum-based fuels which can be used in diesel engines.NOTE 1: It is not known that this test method will predict the performance of all additive/fuel combinations. Additional work is underway to further establish this correlation and future revisions of the standard may be necessary once this work is complete.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 7.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The test method was developed for use with high strength aluminum alloys (2XXX and Cu containing 7XXX) that are normally tested in 3.5 weight % NaCl by alternate immersion. However, the concept which uses residual strength as a measure of damage evolution (in this case environmentally assisted cracking) can, in principle, be applied to any alloy and environmental system.5.2 This test method has been developed for research studies of alloys and tempers with improved resistance to SCC. The test results permit different material variants to be compared with a high degree of confidence and with much more precision than the results of pass/fail tests. Thus, it is particularly useful for comparing materials with similar levels of resistance to stress-corrosion cracking. The procedure could be modified for use as a quality assurance tool but this has not been a primary purpose during its development.5.3 The exposure periods and conditions that are described in this test method apply specifically to high strength aluminum alloys, but the statistical techniques should be valid for other alloy systems with different exposure conditions.5.4 Although this particular procedure was primarily intended for testing products in the short-transverse stressing direction, it is useful for other stressing directions, particularly the long-transverse direction in sheet and thin plate products.5.5 Determination of the actual serviceability of a material requires stress-corrosion testing performed in the intended service environment, under conditions relating to the end use, including protective measures such as coatings and inhibitors and is outside the scope of this test method.5.5.1 There is no good way to compare test environments to actual service because most service environments have large inherent variability with respect to a single structure that may experience many different environments or with respect to two identical structures that serve in different locations. Unless a sample can be tested in the actual service environment for the expected life of the component, no conclusive determination can be made about the suitability of a particular material for a particular application. Designers must therefore make judgments on the suitability of particular materials for applications based on knowledge of the material and of the service environment. To avoid service failures, the environment used for preliminary evaluations is often chosen based on a worst case scenario leading to intentional overestimations of corrosion damage.1.1 This test method covers procedures for evaluation of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance by the breaking load test method, a concept which uses residual strength as the measure of damage evolution (in this case environmentally assisted cracking).1.2 This test method covers specimen type and replication, test environment, stress levels, exposure periods, final strength determination, and statistical analysis of the raw residual strength data.1.3 The test method was developed for use with heat-treatable aluminum alloys, that is, 2XXX alloys and 7XXX with 1.2 to 3.0 % Cu, and test specimens oriented in the short-transverse direction relative to grain structure (1, 2).2 However, the residual strength measurements and the statistics used to analyze the data are not specific to heat-treatable aluminum alloys and can be used for other specimen orientations and different types of materials.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The procedures outlined in these test methods serve to evaluate the performance of the wall segments for deflection, permanent set, and maximum load-carrying capacity under transverse loading. Performance criteria based on data collected using these procedures fall outside the scope of these test methods.4.2 Transverse loads cannot be applied satisfactorily to some wall constructions, such as masonry, with the specimen in a horizontal position. For such constructions, the loads shall be applied to the specimen in a vertical position thus simulating service conditions.4.3 Test results obtained from the two-point loading (8.2.1 and 9.2.1) and the uniform loading (8.2.2 and 9.2.2) are neither compatible nor interchangeable.1.1 These test methods cover transverse load testing to determine the structural properties of wall segments.1.2 These test methods serve to evaluate the performance of wall panels subject to transverse bending loads applied perpendicular to the plane of the wall. The tests are conducted on horizontal or vertical specimens under two-point loading. It also shall be permitted to apply uniform load using an air bag or a vacuum chamber. Depending upon the configuration tested, these loads are intended to evaluate the transverse deflection, permanent set, and maximum flexural capacity or planar shear capacity, or both, of the wall segment. These test methods are not intended for the evaluation of individual structural framing or supporting members (floor joist, decking, etc.), or both. The connections between the vertical elements of the wall segment and the surrounding construction are excluded from the scope of these methods and shall be evaluated by alternative means.1.3 Notes and footnotes in this standard provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车