定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元 加购物车

3.1 The oxidation of silicon carbide refractories at elevated temperatures is an important consideration in the application of these refractories. The product of oxidation is amorphous silica or cristobalite, depending upon the temperature at which oxidation takes place. This oxide formation is associated with expansion and degradation of strength. The quantity of water vapor in the atmosphere greatly affects the rate of oxidation.3.2 The test, which creates and measures the expansion, is suitable for guidance in product development and relative comparison in application work where oxidation potential is of concern. The variability of the test is such that it is not recommended for use as a referee test.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the oxidation resistance of silicon carbide refractories at elevated temperatures in an atmosphere of steam. The steam is used to accelerate the test. Oxidation resistance is the ability of the silicon carbide (SiC) in the refractory to resist conversion to silicon dioxide (SiO2) and its attendant crystalline growth.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 The water content of soil is used throughout geotechnical engineering practice, both in the laboratory and in the field. Results are sometimes needed within a short time period and in locations where it is not practical to install an oven or to transport samples to an oven. This test method is used for these occasions.5.2 The results of this test have been used for field control of compacted embankments or other earth structures such as in the determination of water content for control of soil moisture and dry density within a specified range.5.3 This test method requires specimens consisting of soil having all particles smaller than the 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve size.5.4 This test method may not be as accurate as other accepted methods such as Test Method D2216. Inaccuracies may result because specimens are too small to properly represent the total soil, from clumps of soil not breaking up to expose all the available water to the reagent and from other inherent procedural, equipment or process inaccuracies. Therefore, other methods may be more appropriate when highly accurate results are required, or when the use of test results is sensitive to minor variations in the values obtained.NOTE 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This test method outlines procedures for determining the water (moisture) content of soil by chemical reaction using calcium carbide as a reagent to react with the available water in the soil producing a gas. A measurement is made of the gas pressure produced when a specified mass of wet or moist soil is placed in a testing device with an appropriate volume of reagent and mixed.1.2 This test method is not intended as a replacement for Test Method D2216; but as a supplement when rapid results are required, when testing is done in field locations, or where an oven is not practical for use. Test Method D2216 is to be used as the test method to compare for accuracy checks and correction.1.3 This test method is applicable for most soils. Calcium carbide, used as a reagent, reacts with water as it is mixed with the soil by shaking and agitating with the aid of steel balls in the apparatus. To produce accurate results, the reagent must react with all the water which is not chemically hydrated with soil minerals or compounds in the soil. Some highly plastic clay soils or other soils not friable enough to break up may not produce representative results because some of the water may be trapped inside soil clods or clumps which cannot come in contact with the reagent. There may be some soils containing certain compounds or chemicals that will react unpredictably with the reagent and give erroneous results. Any such problem will become evident as calibration or check tests with Test Method D2216 are made. Some soils containing compounds or minerals that dehydrate with heat (such as gypsum) which are to have special temperature control with Test Method D2216 may not be affected (dehydrated) in this test method.1.4 This test method is limited to using calcium carbide moisture test equipment made for 20 g, or larger, soil specimens and to testing soil which contains particles no larger than the 4.75 mm (No. 4) Standard sieve size.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard.1.5.1 Cited sieve sizes are the standard sieve sizes given in Table 1 of Specification E11.1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 unless superseded by this standard.1.6.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected, recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 7.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers electrical contact components made from silver-tungsten carbide by powder metallurgical procedures. This specification covers compositions within the silver-tungsten carbide system. The material shall conform to composition limits. Chemical analysis shall be performed to deteremine material conformance to specified composition requirements. The contact components shall agree on qualification tests for determination of physical properties. The tests shall be performed on production parts wherever practical or applicable. The test shall be determined after consideration of the function of the part.1.1 This specification covers electrical contact components made from silver-tungsten carbide materials by powder metallurgical processes.1.2 This specification covers compositions within the silver-tungsten carbide system normally specified by users of contacts.NOTE 1: Table X1.1 and Table X1.2 in Appendix X1 provide a list of typical compositions used for various applications.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元 加购物车

4.1 Composite materials consist by definition of a reinforcement phase in a matrix phase. In addition, ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) often contain measurable porosity which interacts with the reinforcement and matrix. And SiC-SiC composites often use a fiber interface coating which has an important mechanical function. The composition and structure of these different constituents in the CMC are commonly tailored for a specific application with detailed performance requirements. The tailoring involves the selection of the reinforcement fibers (composition, properties, morphology, etc.), the matrix (composition, properties, and morphology), the composite structure (component fractions, reinforcement architecture, interface coatings, porosity structure, microstructure, etc.), and the fabrication conditions (forming, assembly, forming, densification, finishing, etc.). The final engineering properties (physical, mechanical, thermal, electrical, etc.) can be tailored across a broad range with major directional anisotropy in the properties.4.2 Specifications for specific CMC components covering materials, material processing, and fabrication procedures are developed to provide a basis for fabricating reproducible and reliable structures. Designer/users/producers have to write CMC specifications for specific applications with well-defined composition, structure, properties and processing requirements. But with the extensive breadth of selection in composition, structure, and properties in CMCs, it is virtually impossible to write a "generic" CMC specification applicable to any and all CMC applications that has the same type of structure and details of the commonly-used specifications for metal alloys. This guide is written to assist the designer/user/producer in developing a comprehensive and detailed material specification for a specific CMC application/component with a specific focus on nuclear applications.4.3 The purpose of this guide is to provide guidance on how to specify the constituents, the structure, the desired engineering properties (physical, chemical, mechanical, durability, etc), methods of testing, manufacturing process requirements, the quality assurance requirements, and traceability for SiC-SiC composites for nuclear reactor applications. The resulting specification may be used for the design, production, evaluation, and qualification of SiC-SiC composites for structures in nuclear reactors.4.4 The guide is applicable to SiC-SiC composites with flat plate, rectangular bar, round rod, and round tube geometries.4.5 This guide may also be applicable to the development of specifications for SiC-SiC composites used for other structural applications, discounting the nuclear-specific chemical purity and irradiation behavior requirements.1.1 This document is a guide to preparing material specifications for silicon carbide fiber/silicon carbide matrix (SiC-SiC) composite structures (flat plates, rectangular bars, round rods, and tubes) manufactured specifically for structural components and for fuel cladding in nuclear reactor core applications. The SiC-SiC composites consist of silicon carbide fibers in a silicon carbide matrix produced by liquid infiltration/pyrolysis and/or by chemical vapor infiltration.1.2 This guide provides direction and guidance for the development of a material specification for a specific SiC-SiC composite component or product for nuclear reactor applications. The guide considers composite constituents and structure, physical and chemical properties, mechanical properties, thermal properties, performance durability, methods of testing, materials and fabrication processing, and quality assurance. The SiC-SiC composite materials considered here would be suitable for nuclear reactor core applications where neutron irradiation-induced damage and dimensional changes are significant design considerations. (1-8)21.3 The component material specification is to be developed by the designer/purchaser/user. The designer/purchaser/user shall define and specify in detail any and all application-specific requirements for design, manufacturing, performance, and quality assurance of the ceramic composite component. Additional specification items for a specific component, beyond those listed in this guide, may be required based on intended use, such as geometric tolerances, permeability, bonding, sealing, attachment, and system integration.1.4 This guide is specifically focused on SiC-SiC composite components and structures with flat plate, solid rectangular bar, solid round rod, and tubular geometries.1.5 This guide may also be applicable to the development of specifications for SiC-SiC composites used for other structural applications, discounting the nuclear-specific chemical purity and irradiation behavior factors.1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

This specification defines the chemical and physical requirements for boron carbide powder intended for a variety of nuclear applications. The powder shall be classified as: Type 1; Type 2; and Type 3. The material shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed. Quality control tests, acceptance tests, referee tests, and retention of archive samples by the seller shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements.1.1 This specification defines the chemical and physical requirements for boron carbide powder intended for a variety of nuclear applications. Because each application has a different need for impurity and boron requirements, three different chemical compositions of powder are specified. In using this specification, it is necessary to dictate which type of powder is intended to be used. In general, the intended applications for the various powder types are as follows:1.1.1 Type 1—For use as particulate material in nuclear reactor core applications.1.1.2 Type 2—Powder that will be further processed into a fabricated shape for use in a nuclear reactor core or used in non-core applications when the powder directly or indirectly may cause adverse effects on structural components, such as halide stress corrosion of stainless steel.1.1.3 Type 3—Powder that will be used for non-core applications or special in-core applications.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification applies to boron carbide pellets for use as a control material in nuclear reactors.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 Composite materials consist by definition of a reinforcement phase/s in a matrix phase/s. The composition and structure of these constituents in the composites are commonly tailored for a specific application with detailed performance requirements. For fiber reinforced ceramic composites the tailoring involves the selection of the reinforcement fibers (composition, properties, morphology, interface coatings, etc.), the matrix (composition, properties, and morphology), the composite structure (component fractions, reinforcement architecture, interface coatings, porosity structure, microstructure, etc.), and the fabrication conditions (assembly, forming, densification, finishing, etc.). The final engineering properties (physical, mechanical, thermal, electrical, etc) can be tailored across a broad range with major directional anisotropy in the properties. (5-9)4.2 This classification system assists the ceramic composite designer/user/producer in identifying and organizing different types of silicon carbide-silicon carbide (SiC-SiC) composites (based on fibers, matrix, architecture, physical properties, and mechanical properties) for structural applications. It is meant to assist the ceramic composite community in developing, selecting, and using SiC-SiC composites with the appropriate composition, construction, and properties for a specific application.4.3 This classification system is a top level identification tool which uses a limited number of composites properties for high level classification. It is not meant to be a complete, detailed material specification, because it does not cover the full range of composition, architecture, physical, mechanical, fabrication, and durability requirements commonly defined in a full design specification. Guide C1793 provides direction and guidance in preparing a complete material specification for a given SiC-SiC composite component.1.1 This classification covers silicon carbide-silicon carbide (SiC-SiC) composite structures (flat plates, rectangular bars, round rods, and tubes) manufactured for structural components. The SiC-SiC composites consist of continuous silicon carbide fibers in a silicon carbide matrix produced by four different matrix densification methods.1.2 The classification system provides a means of identifying and organizing different SiC-SiC composites, based on the fiber type, architecture class, matrix densification, physical properties, and mechanical properties. The system provides a top-level identification system for grouping different types of SiC-SiC composites into different classes and provides a means of identifying the general structure and properties of a given SiC-SiC composite. It is meant to assist the ceramics community in developing, selecting, and using SiC-SiC composites with the appropriate composition, construction, and properties for a specific application.1.3 The classification system produces a classification code for a given SiC-SiC composite, which shows the type of fiber, reinforcement architecture, matrix type, fiber volume fraction, density, porosity, and tensile strength and modulus (room temperature).1.3.1 For example, Composites Classification Code, SC2-A2C-4D10-33—a SiC-SiC composite material/component (SC2) with a 95 %+ polymer precursor (A) based silicon carbide fiber in a 2-D (2) fiber architecture with a CVI matrix (C), a fiber volume fraction of 45 % (4 = 40 % to 45 %), a bulk density of 2.3 g/cc (D = 2.0 g/cc to 2.5 g/cc), an apparent porosity of 12 % (10 = 10 % to 15 %), an average ultimate tensile strength of 350 MPa (3 = 300 MPa to 399 MPa), and an average tensile modulus of 380 GPa (3 = 300 GPa to 399 GPa).1.4 This classification system is a top level identification tool which uses a limited number of composite properties for high level classification. It is not meant to be a complete, detailed material specification, because it does not cover the full range of composition, architecture, physical, mechanical, fabrication, and durability requirements commonly defined in a full design specification. Guide C1793 provides extensive and detailed direction and guidance in preparing a complete material specification for a given SiC-SiC composite component.1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification applies to composite pellets composed of mixtures of nuclear-grade aluminum oxide and boron carbide that may be ultimately used in a reactor core, for example, in neutron absorber rods. Specimens shall be sampled and tested as appropriate, and shall adhere accordingly to required chemical compositions, physical dimensions, density, boron carbide homogeneity, mechanical properties, visual appearance, end and circumferential chips, cracks, and fissures and other defects.1.1 This specification applies to pellets composed of mixtures of aluminum oxide and boron carbide that may be ultimately used in a reactor core, for example, in neutron absorber rods.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 Boron carbide is used as a control material in nuclear reactors. In order to be suitable for this purpose, the material must meet certain criteria for assay, isotopic composition, and impurity content. These methods are designed to show whether or not a given material meets the specifications for these items as described in Specifications C750 and C751.4.1.1 An assay is performed to determine whether the material has the specified boron and carbon content.4.1.2 Determination of the isotopic content of the boron and the free carbon content is made to establish whether the content is in compliance with the purchaser’s specifications.4.1.3 Impurity content is determined to ensure that the maximum concentration limit of certain impurities (chloride, fluoride, water, metallic impurities, soluble boron) is not exceeded.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical, mass spectrometric, and spectrochemical analysis of nuclear-grade boron carbide powder and pellets to determine compliance with specifications.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:  SectionsTotal Carbon by Combustion in an Inductive Furnace and    Infrared Measurement 8 – 17Total Boron by Titrimetry and ICP OES 18 – 28Isotopic Composition by Mass Spectrometry 29 – 33Pyrohydrolysis 34 – 41Chloride by Constant-Current Coulometry 42 – 50Chloride and Fluoride by Ion-Selective Electrode 51 – 59Water by Constant-Voltage Coulometry and Weight Loss on    Drying 60 – 63Metallic Impurities by DCArc OES and wet chemical methods 64 and 65Soluble Boron by Titrimetry and ICP OES 66 – 80Free Carbon by a Coulometric Method 81 – 901.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

4.1 Aluminum oxide pellets are used in a reactor core as filler or spacers within fuel, burnable poison, or control rods. In order to be suitable for this purpose, the material must meet certain criteria for impurity content. These test methods are designed to show whether or not a given material meets the specifications for these items as described in Specification C785.4.1.1 Impurity content is determined to ensure that the maximum concentration limit of certain impurity elements is not exceeded.4.2 Aluminum oxide-boron carbide composite pellets are used in a reactor core as a component in neutron absorber rods. In order to be suitable for this purpose, the material must meet certain criteria for boron content, isotopic composition, and impurity content as described in Specification C784.4.2.1 The material is assayed for boron to determine whether the boron content is as specified by the purchaser.4.2.2 Determination of the isotopic content of the boron is made to establish whether the 10B concentration is in compliance with the purchaser's specifications.4.2.3 Impurity content is determined to ensure that the maximum concentration limit of certain impurity elements is not exceeded.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical, mass spectrometric, and spectrochemical analysis of nuclear-grade aluminum oxide and aluminum oxide-boron carbide composite pellets to determine compliance with specifications.1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:  Sections Boron by Titrimetry and ICP OES  8 to 17Separation of Boron for Mass Spectrometry 18 to 23Isotopic Composition by Mass Spectrometry 24 to 27Separation of Halides by Pyrohydrolysis 28 to 31Chloride and Fluoride by Ion-Selective Electrode 32 to 34Chloride, Bromide, and Iodide by Amperometric Microtitrimetry 35 to 37Trace Elements by Emission Spectroscopy 38 to 50Keywords 511.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.)1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 819元 / 折扣价： 697 元 加购物车