定价： 916元 / 折扣价： 816 元 加购物车

This specification covers the requirements for material, geometric, and wall section properties of aluminum box culverts manufactured from corrugated plate or sheet with attached rib stiffeners, for field assembly. Suitable fasteners and optional materials such as aluminum invert plates and headwalls are also described here. Material applications include surface water gravity flow drainage conduits like culverts and storm drains, small bridge, and grade separation structure conduits like pedestrian or vehicular underpasses, and utility tunnels. This specification does not cover the requirements for foundations, backfill, the relationship between earth cover or live loads and strength requirements, or the hydraulic design of these structures. The required plastic moment capacities should be determined for both the crown and haunch segments of the box culverts.1.1 This specification covers material, geometric, and wall section properties of aluminum box culverts manufactured from corrugated plate or sheet, with attached rib stiffeners, for field assembly. Appropriate fasteners and optional materials, such as aluminum invert plates and headwalls, are also described. Applications for aluminum box culverts include conduits for gravity flow drainage of surface water, such as culverts and storm drains, as well as for small bridges and grade separation structures such as pedestrian or vehicular underpasses, and utility tunnels.1.2 This specification does not include requirements for foundations, backfill, or the relationship between earth cover or live loads and strength requirements. These important design considerations are described in the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications and the LRFD Bridge Construction Specifications.1.3 This specification does not include requirements for the hydraulic design of these structures. Hydraulic design, placement of footings or inverts, and end treatments to resist scour are described in FHWA HDS No. 5.1.4 Appendix X1 lists nominal dimensions of box culvert sizes commonly available. Also listed are cross-sectional area and hydraulic design parameters for these sizes.1.5 Appendix X2 lists manufacturer's suggested design properties for the rib stiffener types, spacing classes, and material thicknesses described in this specification.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 646元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

This specification covers products used in the assembly and construction of circular reinforced corrugated steel manholes for sewer and water works. Requirements are specified for the manufacture and purchase of: steel sheet for manhole structure(s) pipe, steel sheet for coupling bands, rivets, hardware for joining systems, gaskets, metallic-coated steel inserts, and steel reinforced concrete (cement, allowable combinations of cementious materials, aggregates, admixtures and blends, steel reinforcement, other materials). Products covered by this specification are not normally used for the conveyance of sanitary or industrial wastes. The steel sheet used in fabrication of the manhole structures has a protective metallic coating of zinc (galvanizing), aluminum, 55% aluminum-zinc alloy, or zinc-5% aluminum-mischmetal alloy, or a polymer pre-coating.This specification establishes requirements for design, reinforcement, cast-in-place concrete manufacture, acceptance procedures, test methods (concrete compressive strength test, absorption test, retests, test equipment), repairs, inspection, product marking, grade rings, cast-in-place CSP manhole structures (double-walled), corrugated steel manhole structures (single-walled), base sections, and steps and ladders.1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for assembly and construction of circular reinforced corrugated steel manholes used in sewer and water works. Products covered by this specification are not normally used for the conveyance of sanitary or industrial wastes. The steel sheet used in fabrication of the manhole structures has a protective metallic coating of zinc (galvanizing), aluminum, 55 % aluminum-zinc alloy, or zinc-5 % aluminum-mischmetal alloy, or a polymer pre-coating.1.2 Part I, Sections 1 through 11, of this specification presents general requirements and requirements that are common to each corrugated steel product in the sections outlined in 1.3.1.3 Part II of this specification presents specific requirements for each manhole product in the following section:Product SectionGrade Rings 12Manhole Structures 13Base Section 14Steps and Ladders 151.4 Steel sheet with zinc, aluminized or polymeric coating may be specified for the fabrication of the manhole structures. Manhole structures made from sheets with composite coatings are always furnished with an approved coating.NOTE 1: Pipe fabricated with polymeric coated sheet may be used for sanitary sewers and industrial applications.NOTE 2: This specification is a manufacturing specification and purchase specification only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relationship between field load conditions.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

This specification covers standard requirements for material, geometric, and wall section properties of steel box culverts manufactured from corrugated plate or sheet, with or without attached stiffeners, for field assembly. Appropriate fasteners and optional materials such as steel invert plates and headwalls are also described. Applications for steel box culverts include conduits for gravity flow drainage of surface water such as culverts and storm drains, as well as for small bridges and grade separation structures such as pedestrian or vehicular underpasses, and utility tunnels. Material standards shall not include requirements for foundations, backfill, or the relationship between earth cover or live loads and strength requirements. Manufactured steel box culverts shall not include requirements for the hydraulic design of these structures. Steel box culverts shall be classified in five types: Type I, II, III, IV and V. The required design properties shall be determined for the crown and haunch segments of the box culvert and shall conform to the geometric dimensional limits. The corrugated plate material utilized for the shells of Type I, II, III, and IV box culverts shall be fabricated from steel sheet or plate conforming to the chemical, mechanical, thickness, shape, and coating requirements. Sampling and testing of corrugated plate material shall be conducted and shall conform to the required chemical composition, mechanical properties and coating weight.1.1 This specification covers material, geometric, and wall section properties of steel box culverts manufactured from corrugated plate or sheet, with or without attached stiffeners, for field assembly. Appropriate fasteners and optional materials such as steel invert plates and headwalls are also described. Applications for steel box culverts include conduits for gravity flow drainage of surface water such as culverts and storm drains, as well as for small bridges and grade separation structures such as pedestrian or vehicular underpasses, and utility tunnels.1.2 This specification does not include requirements for foundations, backfill, or the relationship between earth cover or live loads and strength requirements. These important design considerations are described in the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, Customary U.S. Units (LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, SI Units).1.3 This specification does not include requirements for the hydraulic design of these structures. Hydraulic design, placement of footings or inverts, and end treatments to resist scour are described in FHWA HDS No. 5.1.4 Appendix X1 lists nominal dimensions of box culvert sizes commonly available for Type I, II, and IV box culverts. Also listed are cross-sectional area and hydraulic design parameters for these sizes. Geometries for Type III, V and VI box culverts are available from manufacturers.1.5 Appendix X2 lists manufacturers' suggested design properties for the box culvert types described in this specification, and for the spacing classes and material thicknesses typically available.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 加购物车

This specification covers corrugated aluminum pipe intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, the construction of culverts, and similar uses. Pipe covered by this specification is not normally used for the conveyance of sanitary or industrial wastes. All pipe fabricated under this specification shall be formed from aluminum-alloy sheet conforming to the requirements specified. The sheet used in fabricating coupling bands shall conform to the requirements specified. The material used for rivets in riveted pipe shall conform to the requirements specified. Bolts and nuts for coupling bands shall conform to the required specification. If gaskets are used in couplings, they shall be a band of expanded rubber meeting the specified requirements. The fabrication requirements for type I, type II, type IA, and type IR pipe are presented. The corrugations shall be either annular or helical as provided. The different pipe requirements like pipe dimensions, sheet thickness, pipe-arch dimensions, longitudinal seams, and perforations are presented in details. Field joints for each type of corrugated aluminum pipe shall maintain pipe alignment during construction and prevent infiltration of fill material during the life of the installation.1.1 This specification covers corrugated aluminum pipe intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, the construction of culverts, and similar uses. Pipe covered by this specification is not normally used for the conveyance of sanitary or industrial wastes.1.2 This specification does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or the relationship between earth-cover load and sheet thickness of the pipe. Experience has shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of sheet thickness, type of bedding and backfill, controlled manufacture in the plant, and care in the installation. The purchaser must correlate the above factors and also the corrosion and abrasion requirements of the field installation with the sheet thickness. The structural design of corrugated aluminum pipe and the proper installation procedures are given in Practices B790/B790M and B788/B788M, respectively. A procedure for using life-cycle cost analysis techniques to evaluate alternative drainage system designs using corrugated metal pipe is given in Practice A930.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 646元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

4.1 It may be desirable at times to provide hand holes in corrugated boxes. Package designers use hand holes to solve ergonomic and handling problems associated with large or awkward containers. This guide provides an aid for proper hand hole design and use.4.1.1 Boxes for handling by a single person.4.1.2 Boxes that are too large or awkward to be handled well by a single person (4.4.1).4.2 Ergonomics: 4.2.1 In studying and applying ergonomic principles, of primary concern is the need to provide a safe work environment for material handlers who may be required to lift or transport packages. A safe work environment is difficult to define and varies with the package in question. Several ergonomic safety issues involve repetitive motions and spine loading in the lifting process. Other issues involve finger and foot protection.4.2.2 In distribution centers or warehouses, low back disorders have been identified as areas of elevated risk. Low back problems continue to represent the most common and costly musculoskeletal disorders in the work place.44.2.3 One method used to reduce the concern of distance of lift (spinal loading) is to bring the reach of the material handler's hands closer to the body. With large or awkward boxes, placing hand holes in a more advantageous position can solve this problem.4.2.4 Maximum weight for lifting is not generally specified by safety organizations. However, when considerations of repetition, movement, and other ergonomics are taken into account, a typical maximum load per single person is often limited to 40 to 50 lb per package.4.3 NIOSH: 4.3.1 The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has published Work Practices Guide for Manual Lifting.5 This document may be of assistance in developing proper hand holes and their placement for a specific package.4.3.2 Hand holes for single person box handling are generally intended for vertical symmetric lifting with some rotation and is limited to a few steps. Use of hand holes to lift with one hand, push a box, or pull a box are not recommended practices.4.3.3 Actual maximum acceptable load for a single person lift depends on box weight, size, lift frequency and distance of movement. Maximum weight and size limits can be estimated using the NIOSH equations.4.4 Other Box Apertures – Improper Use as Hand Holes: 4.4.1 Some hand holes are intended for hand gripping to facilitate moving or turning a heavy box but are not intended for lifting.4.4.2 Not all box apertures are intended to be used as hand holes. These apertures may be intended for ventilation, inspection, adjustment of contents or other uses. These other apertures are not intended for use in manipulating boxes and it is improper to use these apertures as hand holes.4.4.3 Examples of typical hand holes are shown in Fig. 1. Use of hand holes and associated cautions should be agreed upon between the supplier and the user.FIG. 1 Common Hand Hole Types4.4.4 Since all end use conditions and requirements cannot be foreseen and since designing for worst case scenario for all applications is prohibitively expensive, designers should follow best practices. The prudent designer will consider product and package weight when deciding the proper use of a hand hole.1.1 This standard provides guidelines for designing pre-cut apertures intended for use as hand holes in corrugated boxes during manual handling of boxed cargo.1.2 Limitations—This standard offers guidance for package development and for subsequent testing of boxes to measure performance. It is not intended to provide specific information on the design of hand holes.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use..1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 加购物车

This specification covers aluminum alloy sheets used in the fabrication of corrugated aluminum pipe intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, culverts, and similar uses. The material is furnished corrugated in cut lengths, and uncorrugated in coils and cut lengths. The sheet material's thickness, chemical composition, and mechanical properties shall be determined.1.1 This specification covers aluminum alloy sheets used in the fabrication of corrugated aluminum pipe intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, culverts, and similar uses. The material is furnished corrugated in cut lengths, and uncorrugated in coils and cut lengths.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

4.1 Steel reinforced corrugated PE pipes are used for underground applications where soil provides support to their flexible walls. Their major use is to collect or convey storm water run-off for sewers and drains, or both.4.2 Exclusions from recommended use:4.2.1 Permanent exposure to sunlight and exposure to chemicals whose compatibility with the pipe and fittings is not known.AbstractThis specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, elongation, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, perforations, and markings for steel reinforced corrugated polyethylene (PE) piping systems. The steel reinforced polyethylene pipes governed by this standard are intended for use in underground applications where soil provides support for their flexible walls. These pipes will be used to collect or convey storm-water runoff for storm sewers and drainage pipes, or both. The following tests shall be performed: pipe dimensions and tolerances; perforations; pipe stiffness; steel to the polyethylene bonding; and joint tightness.1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, elongation, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, perforations, and markings for steel reinforced corrugated polyethylene (PE) piping systems of nominal sizes 8 in. (200 mm), through 80 in. (2000 mm). The steel reinforced polyethylene pipes governed by this standard are intended for use in underground applications where soil provides support for their flexible walls. The steel reinforced polyethylene corrugated pipes governed by this standard are intended for use in non-pressure applications for sanitary sewers, storm sewers and drainage pipes.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车