5.1 This is a quick, simple, and inexpensive test method for qualitatively determining, without the need to prepare bonded test specimens, whether the adhesive under consideration will bond to a particular substrate. If the results are acceptable, then standard quantitative adhesive test procedures can be used to obtain quantitative measurements of the adhesive's performance.5.2 This test method can also be used to compare relative adhesion of several adhesives to given substrates.5.3 It can be used to determine whether an adhesive will continue to adhere to the substrate under specified environmental conditions.5.4 It can be used to evaluate adhesion of a particular adhesive to a variety of substrates.5.5 It can be used to obtain “subjective” comparative data between several adhesives on a given substrate by noting the relative ease of inducing failure between the adhesives tested.5.6 It should be most applicable to adhesives that cure or set when exposed to “air” (ambient, heated, etc.) and could be used for anaerobic adhesives if testing is carried out in an oxygen-free atmosphere.1.1 This test method covers a simple qualitative procedure for quickly screening whether an adhesive will, under recommended application conditions, bond to a given substrate without actually making bonded assemblies.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The AE produced during the production of a spot-weld can be related to weld quality parameters such as the strength and size of the nugget, the amount of expulsion, and the amount of cracking. Therefore, in-process AE monitoring can be used both as an examination method, and as a means for providing feedback control.1.1 This practice describes procedures for the measurement, processing, and interpretation of the acoustic emission (AE) response associated with selected stages of the resistance spot-welding process.1.2 This practice also provides recommendations for feedback control by utilizing the measured AE response signals during the spot-welding process.1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This technique is applicable to dry paint films and varnishes in a variety of forms including the intact dry paint film surface, a notched or other angular cut surface that exposes a cross section of all paint layers, a paint chip, and ground paint film.5.2 The response of the spot test method varies depending on the extractability of lead from a coating matrix, which may differ depending on the test kit used, the coating type tested, and the type of lead pigment (3).5.3 In some situations, metals and other chemical species interfere with the spot tests causing false negative or false positive results (see Section 8).5.4 A spot test result may be used as a negative screen for the presence of lead in paints and varnishes provided the response of the test kit is sensitive to detecting lead reliably at a given predetermined level, for example, a regulatory action level (4).5.5 This practice may be used in conjunction with quantitative and semi-quantitative analytical methods for lead such as anodic stripping voltammetry or spectroscopic laboratory analysis of paint chip samples, or portable X-ray fluorescence testing of in situ paint films.5.6 Colorblind individuals (protanomalous viewers) who are deficient in viewing red colors may have difficulty in discerning the pink or red color of a positive rhodizonate test.1.1 This practice covers the use of commercial spot test kits based on either sulfide or rhodizonate for the qualitative determination of the presence of lead in dry paint films.1.2 This practice may also be used as a qualitative procedure for other dry coating films such as varnishes.1.3 This practice provides a list of the advantages and limitations of chemical spot test kits based on sulfide and rhodizonate to allow the user to choose the appropriate spot test for a given circumstance.1.4 This practice contains notes which are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements.1.5 Methods described in this practice may not meet or be allowed by requirements or regulations established by local authorities having jurisdiction. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to comply with all such requirements and regulations.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Dispersancy is the property that allows oil to suspend and carry away pollutants of diverse sources such as soot from combustion, metallic particles from wear, corrosion of mechanical parts, and insoluble products resulting from the aging of the oil.5.2 When poured on a specific filter paper, oil that is properly dispersing soot and other insolubles produces an evenly graduated spot. The distribution of the different zones (Fig. 1) will reflect the status of oil dispersancy.FIG. 1 Oil Spot Example and Scheme of the Distribution of the Different Zones5.3 While the oil spreads out on the filter paper, the oil carries contaminants, and due to the lamination phenomenon of the oil film, the particles of same size deposit on the paper on the same concentric zones.5.4 This test method provides a simple technique for condition monitoring of the dispersancy property of in-service lubricants.5.5 An oil that is properly dispersing soot and other insolubles produces an evenly graduated blotter (see Fig. 2—Spot 1). A ring of light debris on the outer circumference of the circular spot also indicates that the oil has retained its dispersancy properties.FIG. 2 Oil Spot Examples5.6 A blotter indicating a high soot load, but even graduation, suggests the oil is still fit for service, but should be watched closely for degradation (see Fig. 2—Spot 2).5.7 When dispersancy begins to fail, the insolubles begin to form a dense ring on the exterior of the absorbing oil drop as in Fig. 2—Spot 3. A brown or yellow stain on the blotter spot indicates oxidation.5.8 Fig. 2—Spot 4 indicates the characteristic dense black dot and sharp periphery that indicates sludge and the loss of dispersancy as the particles have settled in the center and the oil has wicked outward.5.9 From a maintenance perspective, when the ring begins to form around the exterior of the oil blotter, it is time to look at scheduling a drain. If the black dot is allowed to form, the situation is problematic because the undispersed portion of soot that has deposited upon surfaces will not be removed by the oil change. Often, several changes made at frequent intervals will be required to effectively scour the engine clean. Also, if dispersancy performance degrades at an unusually rapid pace, a more extensive review of combustion and ring performance should be undertaken.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the merit of dispersancy of diesel crankcase engine oils as well as other types of engine oils where pollutants of diverse sources such as soot from combustion, metallic particles from wear, corrosion of mechanical parts, and insoluble products resulting from the oxidation of the oil may contaminate the lubricant.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: It is not the intent of this test method to establish or recommend normal, cautionary, warning, or alert limits for any machinery. Such limits should be established in conjunction with advice and guidance from the machinery manufacturer and maintenance group.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 One of the factors affecting the image quality of a radiographic image is geometric unsharpness. The degree of geometric unsharpness is dependent upon the focal spot size of the radiation source, the distance between the source and the object to be radiographed, the distance between the object to be radiographed and the image plane (film, imaging plate, Digital Detector Array (DDA), or radioscopic detector). This test method allows the user to determine the effective focal spot size (dimensions) of the X-ray source. This result can then be used to establish source to object and object to image detector distances appropriate for maintaining the desired degree of geometric unsharpness or maximum magnification possible, or both, for a given radiographic imaging application. The accuracy of this method is dependent upon the spatial resolution of the imaging system, magnification, and signal-to-noise of the resultant images.1.1 The image quality and the resolution of X-ray images highly depend on the characteristics of the focal spot. The imaging qualities of the focal spot are based on its two dimensional intensity distribution as seen from the imaging place.1.2 This test method provides instructions for determining the effecting size (dimensions) of mini and micro focal spots of industrial X-ray tubes. It is based on the European standard, EN 12543–5, Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 5: Measurement of the effective focal spot size of mini and micro focus X-ray tubes.1.3 This standard specifies a method for the measurement of effective focal spot dimensions from 5 up to 300 μm of X-ray systems up to and including 225 kV tube voltage, by means of radiographs of edges. Larger focal spots should be measured using Test Method E1165 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Focal Spots of Industrial X-Ray Tubes by Pinhole Imaging.1.4 The same procedure can be used at higher kilovoltages by agreement, but the accuracy of the measurement may be poorer.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 This test method is intended specifically for testing the porcelain enamel finish on stoves, table tops, sinks, and other sanitary ware, laundry appliances, architectural units, etc., where the surface may come in contact with food acids at room temperature.3.2 Citric acid has been chosen as the test medium because it is one of the most common of the food acids and will generally provide a measurable result in its action on porcelain enamel.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating porcelain enamels in their resistance to citric acid exposure at room temperature. No attempt is made to categorize porcelain enamels as to their acid-resistance or non acid-resistance properties, since the requirements in the several branches of the industry differ.1.2 The test method is applicable for ware of various shapes providing they contain a substantially flat area approximately 50 mm in diameter.1.3 The test method is not applicable to finishes on chemical and hospital ware, which may come in contact with strong mineral acids, nor to cooking utensils, which may come in prolonged contact with hot acid solutions.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 A coating of terne metal on iron or steel articles is intended to provide drawability, solderability, or corrosion resistance, or combination thereof, which can require different amounts of coating. Specifications for terne-coated sheets frequently provide for these different classes (weights) of coating so that purchasers can select that most suitable for their needs. This test method provides a means of determining the weight of coating for comparison with the material specification requirements. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the weight and composition of coating on terne sheet by the triple-spot method. The following three procedures are described: 1.1.1 Procedure A—Stripping with sulfuric acid. 1.1.2 Procedure D—Stripping with hydrochloric acid and antimony trichloride. 1.1.3 Procedure E—Stripping with hydrobromic acid-bromine solution. Note 1—Procedure B (Electrolytic Stripping) and Procedure C (Stripping with Silver Nitrate Solution), formerly in this test method, were discontinued because lack of usage. The designation for Procedure D and Procedure E are retained to avoid future confusion when reference is made only to the procedure designation. 1.2 If the percent of tin in the coating is required, stripping with hydrobromic acid-bromine is the preferred procedure. Steel with a predeposited electrolytic nickel coating requires a two-stage stripping method to determine total tin content. If both the tin and lead percentage are required, stripping with sulfuric acid is recommended, but caution is advised since the sulfuric acid procedure has been found to produce high tin results (see Section 11). 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 5, Note 2, and Section 17.

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5.1 The four procedures in this test method are used alone or in combination to identify fuels or blends that could result in excessive centrifuge loading, strainer plugging, tank sludge formation, or similar operating problems.5.2 A spot rating of Number 3 or higher on a finished fuel oil by the cleanliness procedure indicates that the fuel contains excessive suspended solids and is likely to cause operating problems.5.3 Although a fuel may test clean when subjected to the cleanliness procedures (manual and automated), suspended solids can precipitate when the fuel is mixed with a blend stock. Evidence of such incompatibility is indicated by a spot rating of Number 3 or higher in the compatibility procedures (manual and automated).1.1 This test method covers separate procedures for determining the cleanliness of residual fuel oil and the compatibility of a residual fuel oil with a blend stock. It is applicable to residual fuel oils with viscosities up to 50 cSt (1 cSt = 1 mm2s) at 100 °C. This test method describes two protocols: one manual and one automated.NOTE 1: This test method has not been evaluated for heavy distillate having the propensity to leave a wax sediment on the filter paper and contain no residual asphaltene.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Knowledge of the frictional properties of a winter-contaminated pavement surface is essential to evaluate the braking effort of ground vehicles or aircraft operating on a pavement surface. The presence of contaminants on a pavement surface will affect the frictional properties of the surface in a manner which is difficult to evaluate by visual observation alone. The frictional properties of a winter-contaminated pavement surface can be characterized using a spot measuring decelerometer which provides a measurement of the surface friction and assists with the evaluation of pavement winter maintenance requirements.5.2 The measurements produced by this test method should not be used as the sole criteria to determine pavement winter maintenance requirements. The measurements would normally be combined with visual and other observations to provide a more complete analysis of the pavement surface conditions. A certain amount of discretion is required on the part of the operator, as this test method provides only a “spot” measurement of the surface condition. The objective of the operator is to identify areas of the winter-contaminated pavement surface which may have lower friction and then obtain friction measurements in those areas. This makes the test method somewhat conservative by nature in comparison to the actual friction potential.5.3 The measurements produced by this test method are dependent on the test vehicle parameters and on the braking technique of the vehicle operator.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the frictional properties of winter-contaminated pavement surfaces using an averaging-type spot measuring decelerometer. If a data phone is used, it should meet all the requirements where the word decelerometer is used in this standard. The method produces a reading that is proportional to the deceleration sustained by a test vehicle fitted with pneumatic rubber tires braking with all wheels locked. A friction index for a section of winter-contaminated pavement is determined from the average of several deceleration measurements recorded over the section of winter-contaminated pavement.1.2 This test method is applicable to averaging-type spot measuring decelerometers.1.3 This test method is applicable to the following winter-contaminated pavement surface conditions:1.3.1 Ice;1.3.2 Wet ice (ice covered with a thin film of moisture of a depth insufficient to cause hydroplaning);1.3.3 Compacted snow, any depth;1.3.4 Slush on ice, slush not exceeding 3 mm (0.1 in.) in depth;1.3.5 Loose, dry snow, not exceeding 25 mm (1 in.) in depth;1.3.6 Ice control chemical solution on ice; and1.3.7 Sand on ice.1.4 This test method shall not be used when the following winter-contaminated pavement surface conditions are present:1.4.1 Water on a bare pavement surface;1.4.2 Slush; and1.4.3 Loose snow exceeding 25 mm (1 in.) in depth.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are in inch-pound units and are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other, without combining values in any way.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The design of a photovoltaic module or system intended to provide safe conversion of the sun's radiant energy into useful electricity must take into consideration the possibility of partial shadowing of the module(s) during operation. This test method describes a procedure for verifying that the design and construction of the module provides adequate protection against the potential harmful effects of hot spots during normal installation and use.4.2 This test method describes a procedure for determining the ability of the module to provide protection from internal defects which could cause loss of electrical insulation or combustion hazards.4.3 Hot spot heating occurs in a module when its operating current exceeds the reduced short-circuit current (ISC) of a shadowed or faulty cell or group of cells. When such a condition occurs, the affected cell or group of cells is forced into reverse bias and must dissipate power, which can cause overheating.NOTE 1: The correct use of bypass diodes can prevent hot spot damage from occurring.4.4 Fig. 1 illustrates the hot spot effect in a module of a series string of cells, one of which, cell Y, is partially shadowed. The amount of electrical power dissipated in Y is equal to the product of the module current and the reverse voltage developed across Y. For any irradiance level, when the reverse voltage across Y is equal to the voltage generated by the remaining (s-1) cells in the module, power dissipation is at a maximum when the module is short-circuited. This is shown in Fig. 1 by the shaded rectangle constructed at the intersection of the reverse I-V characteristic of Y with the image of the forward I-V characteristic of the (s-1) cells.FIG. 1 Hot Spot Effect4.5 Bypass diodes, if present, as shown in Fig. 2, begin conducting when a series-connected string in a module is in reverse bias, thereby limiting the power dissipation in the reduced-output cell.FIG. 2 Bypass Diode EffectNOTE 2: If the module does not contain bypass diodes, check the manufacturer’s instructions to see if a maximum number of series modules is recommended before installing bypass diodes. If the maximum number of modules recommended is greater than one, the hot spot test should be performed with that number of modules in series. For convenience, a constant current power supply may be substituted for the additional modules to maintain the specified current.4.6 The reverse characteristics of solar cells can vary considerably. Cells can have either high shunt resistance where the reverse performance is voltage-limited or have low shunt resistance where the reverse performance is current-limited. Each of these types of cells can suffer hot spot problems, but in different ways.4.6.1 Low Shunt Resistance Cells: 4.6.1.1 The worst case shadowing conditions occur when the whole cell (or a large fraction) is shadowed.4.6.1.2 Often low shunt resistance cells are this way because of localized shunts. In this case hot spot heating occurs because a large amount of current flows in a small area. Because this is a localized phenomenon, there is a great deal of scatter in performance of this type of cell. Cells with the lowest shunt resistance have a high likelihood of operating at excessively high temperatures when reverse biased.4.6.1.3 Because the heating is localized, hot spot failures of low shunt resistance cells occur quickly.4.6.2 High Shunt Resistance Cells: 4.6.2.1 The worst-case shadowing conditions occur when a small fraction of the cell is shadowed.4.6.2.2 High shunt resistance cells limit the reverse current flow of the circuit and therefore heat up. The cell with the highest shunt resistance will have the highest power dissipation.4.6.2.3 Because the heating is uniform over the whole area of the cell, it can take a long time for the cell to heat to the point of causing damage.4.6.2.4 High shunt resistance cells define the need for bypass diodes in the module’s circuit, and their performance characteristics determine the number of cells that can be protected by each diode.4.7 The major technical issue is how to identify the highest and lowest shunt resistance cells and then how to determine the worst-case shadowing for those cells. If the bypass diodes are removable, cells with localized shunts can be identified by reverse biasing the cell string and using an IR camera to observe hot spots. If the module circuit is accessible the current flow through the shadowed cell can be monitored directly. However, many PV modules do not have removable diodes or accessible electric circuits. Therefore a non-intrusive method is needed that can be utilized on those modules.4.8 The selected approach is based on taking a set of I-V curves for a module with each cell shadowed in turn. Fig. 3 shows the resultant set of I-V curves for a sample module. The curve with the highest leakage current at the point where the diode turns on was taken when the cell with the lowest shunt resistance was shadowed. The curve with the lowest leakage current at the point where the diode turns on was taken when the cell with the highest shunt resistance was shadowed.FIG. 3 Module I-V Characteristics with Different Cells Totally Shadowed4.9 If the module to be tested has parallel strings, each string must be tested separately.4.10 This test method may be specified as part of a series of qualification tests including performance measurements and demonstration of functional requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to specify the minimum acceptance criteria for physical or electrical degradation.1.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the ability of a photovoltaic (PV) module to endure the long-term effects of periodic “hot spot” heating associated with common fault conditions such as severely cracked or mismatched cells, single-point open circuit failures (for example, interconnect failures), partial (or nonuniform) shadowing, or soiling. Such effects typically include solder melting or deterioration of the encapsulation, but in severe cases could progress to combustion of the PV module and surrounding materials.1.2 There are two ways that cells can cause a hot spot problem: either by having a high resistance so that there is a large resistance in the circuit, or by having a low resistance area (shunt) such that there is a high current flow in a localized region. This test method selects cells of both types to be stressed.1.3 This test method does not establish pass or fail levels. The determination of acceptable or unacceptable results is beyond the scope of this test method.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 The specific chemical(s) selected is at the discretion of the customer and vendor.3.2 Variations in results may be expected due to different rates of chemical evaporation. The use of a watchglass with sealed edges is intended to curtail or eliminate evaporation of the chemical.1.1 This test method covers the testing of any surface that may be exposed to liquid chemical(s).1.2 This test method is not designed for immersion testing conditions or material edge attack.1.3 This test method is designed for evaluation of visual changes. In certain instances physical (non-visual) changes may occur and functional testing may be appropriate.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 The thickness of a decorative chromium coating is often critical to its performance.4.2 This procedure is useful for an approximate determination when the best possible accuracy is not required. For more reliable determinations, the following methods are available: Methods B504, B568, and B588.4.3 This test assumes that the rate of dissolution of the chromium by the hydrochloric acid under the specified conditions is always the same.1.1 This guide covers the use of the spot test for the measurement of thicknesses of electrodeposited chromium coatings over nickel and stainless steel with an accuracy of about ±20 % (Section 9). It is applicable to thicknesses up to 1.2 μm.2NOTE 1: Although this test can be used for coating thicknesses up to 1.2 μm, there is evidence that the results obtained by this method are high at thicknesses greater than 0.5 μm.3 In addition, for coating thicknesses above 0.5 μm, it is advisable to use a double drop of acid to prevent depletion of the test solution before completion of the test.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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2.1 This practice provides the procedure to locate the thinnest portions of the zinc coating on newly coated items (see Appendix X1) produced to a product specification under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A05 and its subcommittees as designated by a purchaser in a purchase order or contract.2.2 Limitations of the Practice: 2.2.1 The use of this practice with zinc coating deposited through different processes (such as hot dipped, electroplated, or sprayed) requires caution in interpretation since the end point may vary considerably between different zinc-coating systems.2.2.2 Variations in coating thickness can be due to the process by which the zinc is applied or by the geometry of the part that is coated. During hot-dip galvanizing, the coating thickness is affected by the drainage pattern of the molten zinc, while during zinc spraying (metallizing), coating thickness can be dependent on the operator's manipulation of the spray nozzle. The geometry of the part can also influence coating thickness especially during hot-dip galvanizing, where peaks and valleys on the part can cause molten zinc to build up or thin out.2.2.3 Excluded from this practice is sheet steel from hot-dip or electrocoating lines as the sheet products are normally subject to additional forming after the coating process. Also excluded from this practice are all zinc-coated wire and wire products either continuously or batch coated before or after forming. Caution—Past research (dating from around 1963) has indicated that this practice can be influenced by operator technique. Variations can be due to the difference in hand pressure used to wipe the sample or the inability of the operator to recognize the end point.2.2.4 This technique removes the zinc coating on the surface of the part being examined. This coating removal makes the part or article unusable after testing. This technique may not be suitable for parts fabricated into their final configuration, since they will not be acceptable after testing.2.2.5 The results of this practice should not be used to predict the service life of the galvanized coating. Other factors such as location of the thinnest spot, orientation of the part in service, and specific environmental conditions will also affect the service life.2.3 Examples of coated articles that can be tested are: electrical metallic tubing and rigid conduit pipe, castings and forgings, and structural steel; on special hardware, such as pole line, builder's, and farm implement hardware; bolts, nuts, screws, and other miscellaneous general hardware.1.1 This practice covers the procedure for locating, by the use of a solution of copper sulfate, the thinnest spot in a zinc coating (hot dipped, electroplated, or sprayed) on iron or steel articles that are coated after the shape is produced by casting, drawing, pressing, or other forming methods.1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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本标准从数据源及其质量控制，影像数据的数学基础，影像数据处理，基于SPOT-5影像数据的小班区划与小班因子获取等方面规定了用于森林资源规划设计调查的SPOT-5卫星影像处理与应用技术方法与流程。
本标准适用于应用SPOT-5卫星影像进行森林资源规划设计调查。

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