【国外标准】 Standard Test Method for Cummins ISM Test

5.1 This test method was developed to assess the performance of an engine oil to control engine wear and deposits under heavy-duty operating conditions selected to accelerate soot generation, valve train wear, and deposit formation in a turbocharged, aftercooled four-stroke-cycle diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation hardware.5.2 This test method can be used for engine oil specification acceptance when all details of this test method are in compliance. Applicable engine oil service categories are included in Specification D4485.5.3 The design of the engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, modern diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions needs to be considered when extrapolating test results.1.1 The test method covers a heavy-duty diesel engine test procedure conducted under high soot conditions to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve train wear, top ring wear, sludge deposits, and oil filter plugging in an EGR environment. This test method is commonly referred to as the Cummins ISM Test.21.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 Exception—The only exception is where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing sizes, or where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.1.4 Table of Contents:  Section 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4 5Apparatus 6 Test Engine Configuration 6.1  Test Engine 6.1.1  Oil Heat Exchanger, Adapter Blocks, Block Off Plate 6.1.2  Oil Filter Head Modification 6.1.3  Oil Pan Modification 6.1.4  Engine Control Module (ECM) 6.1.5  Engine Position Sensor 6.1.6  Intake Manifold Temperature Sensor 6.1.7  Barometric Pressure Sensor 6.1.8  Turbocharger Controller 6.1.9  Power Supply Voltage 6.1.10  Air Compressor and Fuel Pump 6.1.11  Engine Block Preparation 6.1.12 Test Stand Configuration 6.2  Engine Mounting 6.2.1  Intake Air System 6.2.2  Aftercooler 6.2.3  Exhaust System 6.2.4  Exhaust Gas Recirculation System 6.2.5  Fuel System 6.2.6  Coolant System 6.2.7  Pressurized Oil Fill System 6.2.8  External Oil System 6.2.9  Crankcase Aspiration 6.2.10  Blowby Rate 6.2.11 System Time Responses 6.3 Oil Sample Containers 6.4 Mass Balance 6.5Engine and Cleaning Fluids 7 Test Oil 7.1 Test Fuel 7.2 Engine Coolant 7.3 Pentane 7.4 Solvent 7.5Preparation of Apparatus 8 Cleaning of Parts 8.1  General 8.1.1  Engine Block 8.1.2  Cylinder Head 8.1.3  Rocker Cover and Oil Pan 8.1.4  External Oil System 8.1.5  Crosshead Cleaning and Measurement 8.1.6  Rod Bearing Cleaning and Measurement 8.1.7  Ring Cleaning and Measurement 8.1.8  Injector Adjusting Screw Cleaning and Measurement 8.1.9 Engine Assembly 8.2  General 8.2.1  Parts Reuse and Replacement 8.2.2  Build-Up Oil 8.2.3  Coolant Thermostat 8.2.4  Oil Thermostat 8.2.5  Fuel Injectors 8.2.6  New Parts 8.2.7 Operational Measurements 8.3  Units and Formats 8.3.1  Instrumentation Calibration 8.3.2  Temperatures 8.3.3  Pressures 8.3.4  Flow Rates 8.3.5  Intake and Exhaust CO2 Measurement 8.3.6Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests 9 General 9.1 New Test Stand 9.2  New Test Stand Calibration 9.2.1 Stand Calibration Period 9.3 Stand Modification and Calibration Status 9.4 Test Numbering System 9.5  General 9.5.1  Reference Oil Tests 9.5.2  Non-Reference Oil Tests 9.5.3 Reference Oil Test Acceptance 9.6 Reference Oil Accountability 9.7 Last Start Date 9.8 Donated Reference Oil Test Programs 9.9 Adjustments to Reference Oil Calibration Periods 9.10  Procedural Deviations 9.10.1  Parts and Fuel Shortages 9.10.2  Reference Oil Test Data Flow 9.10.3  Special Use of the Reference Oil Calibration System 9.10.4Test Procedure 10 Engine Installation and Stand Connections 10.1 Coolant System Fill 10.2 Oil Fill for Break-in 10.3  Engine Build Committed 10.3.3 Fuel Samples 10.4 Engine Warm-up 10.5  Shutdown During Warm-up 10.5.1 Engine Break-in 10.6 Shutdown and Maintenance 10.7  Normal Shutdown 10.7.1  Emergency Shutdown 10.7.2  Maintenance 10.7.3  Downtime 10.7.4 200-h Test Procedure 10.8  Oil Fill for Test 10.8.2  Operating Conditions 10.8.4  Injection Timing Change 10.8.5  Mass % Soot Validity 10.8.6  Test Timer 10.8.7  Operational Data Acquisition 10.8.8  Oil Sampling 10.8.9  Oil Addition 10.8.10 End of Test (EOT) 10.9  Engine Disassembly 10.9.3Calculations, Ratings and Test Validity 11 Crosshead Mass Loss 11.1  Crosshead Mass Loss Correction Factor 11.1.7.1 Injector Adjusting Screw Mass Loss 11.2  Injector Adjusting Screw Correction Factor 11.2.5 Ring Mass Loss 11.3 Sludge Ratings 11.4 Oil Filter Plugging 11.5 Oil Analyses 11.6 Oil Consumption 11.7 Fuel Analyses 11.8  Additional Analysis 11.8.1 Assessment of Operational Validity 11.9 Assessment of Test Interpretability 11.10Test Report 12 Report Forms 12.1 Reference Oil Test 12.2 Electronic transmission of Test Results 12.2.1Precision and Bias 13 Precision 13.1  Intermediate Precision Conditions 13.1.1  Reproducibility Conditions 13.1.2 Bias 13.2Keywords 14Annexes  Safety Precautions Annex A1Intake Air Aftercooler Annex A2Engine Build Parts Kit Annex A3Sensor Locations, Special Hardware, and Engine Block Modifications Annex A4External Oil System Annex A5Cummins Service Publications Annex A6Specified Units and Formats Annex A7Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A8Sludge Rating Worksheets Annex A9Oil Analyses Annex A10Determination of Operational Validity Annex A11Exhaust CO2 Sampling Probe Annex A12ISM Merit Rating Calculation Annex A13Appendix  Typical System Configurations Appendix X11.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.