![](/images/icon_detail_title.png)
【国外标准】 Standard Guide for Developing Appropriate Statistical Approaches for Groundwater Detection Monitoring Programs at Waste Disposal Facilities
本网站 发布时间:
2024-02-28
开通会员免费在线看70000余条国内标准,赠送文本下载次数,单本最低仅合13.3元!还可享标准出版进度查询、定制跟踪推送、标准查新等超多特权!  
查看详情>>
![标准简介](/images/icon_detail_info.png)
适用范围:
5.1 The principal use of this guide is in groundwater detection monitoring of hazardous and municipal solid waste disposal facilities. There is considerable variability in the way in which existing regulation and guidance are interpreted and practiced. Often, much of current practice leads to statistical decision rules that lead to excessive false positive or false negative rates, or both. The significance of this proposed guide is that it jointly minimizes false positive and false negative rates at nominal levels without sacrificing one error for another (while maintaining acceptable statistical power to detect actual impacts to groundwater quality (4)).5.2 Using this guide, an owner/operator or regulatory agency should be able to develop a statistical detection monitoring program that will not falsely detect contamination when it is absent and will not fail to detect contamination when it is present.1.1 This guide covers the context of groundwater monitoring at waste disposal facilities. Regulations have required statistical methods as the basis for investigating potential environmental impact due to waste disposal facility operation. Owner/operators must typically perform a statistical analysis on a quarterly or semiannual basis. A statistical test is performed on each of many constituents (for example, 10 to 50 or more) for each of many wells (5 to 100 or more). The result is potentially hundreds, and in some cases, a thousand or more statistical comparisons performed on each monitoring event. Even if the false positive rate for a single test is small (for example, 1 %), the possibility of failing at least one test on any monitoring event is virtually guaranteed. This assumes you have performed the statistics correctly in the first place.1.2 This guide is intended to assist regulators and industry in developing statistically powerful groundwater monitoring programs for waste disposal facilities. The purpose of this guide is to detect a potential groundwater impact from the facility at the earliest possible time while simultaneously minimizing the probability of falsely concluding that the facility has impacted groundwater when it has not.1.3 When applied inappropriately, existing regulation and guidance on statistical approaches to groundwater monitoring often suffer from a lack of statistical clarity and often implement methods that will either fail to detect contamination when it is present (a false negative result) or conclude that the facility has impacted groundwater when it has not (a false positive). Historical approaches to this problem have often sacrificed one type of error to maintain control over the other. For example, some regulatory approaches err on the side of conservatism, keeping false negative rates near zero while false positive rates approach 100 %.1.4 The purpose of this guide is to illustrate a statistical groundwater monitoring strategy that minimizes both false negative and false positive rates without sacrificing one for the other.1.5 This guide is applicable to statistical aspects of groundwater detection monitoring for hazardous and municipal solid waste disposal facilities.1.6 It is of critical importance to realize that on the basis of a statistical analysis alone, it can never be concluded that a waste disposal facility has impacted groundwater. A statistically significant exceedance over background levels indicates that the new measurement in a particular monitoring well for a particular constituent is inconsistent with chance expectations based on the available sample of background measurements.1.7 Similarly, statistical methods can never overcome limitations of a groundwater monitoring network that might arise due to poor site characterization, well installation and location, sampling, or analysis.1.8 It is noted that when justified, intra-well comparisons are generally preferable to their inter-well counterparts because they completely eliminate the spatial component of variability. Due to the absence of spatial variability, the uncertainty in measured concentrations is decreased, making intra-well comparisons more sensitive to real releases (that is, false negatives) and false positive results due to spatial variability are completely eliminated.1.9 Finally, it should be noted that the statistical methods described here are not the only valid methods for analysis of groundwater monitoring data. They are, however, currently the most useful from the perspective of balancing site-wide false positive and false negative rates at nominal levels. A more complete review of this topic and the associated literature is presented by Gibbons (1).21.10 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.12 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
标准号:
ASTM D6312-17
标准名称:
Standard Guide for Developing Appropriate Statistical Approaches for Groundwater Detection Monitoring Programs at Waste Disposal Facilities
英文名称:
Standard Guide for Developing Appropriate Statistical Approaches for Groundwater Detection Monitoring Programs at Waste Disposal Facilities标准状态:
Active-
发布日期:
-
实施日期:
出版语种:
- 其它标准
- 上一篇: ASTM D6311-98(2022) Standard Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Selection and Optimization of Sampling Design
- 下一篇: ASTM D6313-99 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Aromatic Compounds by Hydrogenolysis and Sulfur Specific Difference Photometry (Withdrawn 2008)
- 推荐标准
- 国家标准计划
- BS EN IEC 61753-082-02:2024 Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components. Performance standard
- BS ISO 5501-2:2024 Tobacco heating systems. Definitions and standard conditions for aerosol generation and collection
- BS ISO 5501-3:2024 Tobacco heating systems. Definitions and standard conditions for aerosol generation and collection
- BS ISO 5501-1:2024 Tobacco heating systems. Definitions and standard conditions for aerosol generation and collection
- BS ISO 24138:2024 Information and documentation. International Standard Content Code (ISCC)
- 24/30492859 DC BS EN IEC 61753-1 Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components - Performance standard
- BS EN IEC 61753-071-02:2020+A1:2024 Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components. Performance standard
- 24/30491443 DC standard
- KS D ISO 9226 금속 및 합금의 부식-대기의 부식성-부식성 평가를 위한 표준 시험편의 부식 속도 결정
- KS B 0831 비파괴검사 — 초음파탐상검사 — 표준 시험편
- 24/30489392 DC BS EN IEC 62358 Ferrite cores. Standard inductance factor for gapped cores and its tolerance
- BS ISO 19848:2024 - TC Tracked Changes. Ships and marine technology. Standard data for shipboard machinery and equipment
- BS ISO 19848:2024 Ships and marine technology. Standard data for shipboard machinery and equipment
- 24/30487130 DC BS EN 50566:2017/A2:2024 Product standard to demonstrate the compliance of wireless communication
- BS IEC 61360-7:2024 Standard data element types with associated classification scheme