- 您的位置:
- 中国标准在线服务网 >>
- 全部标准分类 >>
- 国外标准 >>
- ASTM >>
- ASTM E1402-13(2023) Standard Guide for Sampling Design

【国外标准】 Standard Guide for Sampling Design
本网站 发布时间:
2024-02-28
开通会员免费在线看70000余条国内标准,赠送文本下载次数,单本最低仅合13.3元!还可享标准出版进度查询、定制跟踪推送、标准查新等超多特权!  
查看详情>>

适用范围:
4.1 This guide describes the principal types of sampling designs and provides formulas for estimating population means and standard errors of the estimates. Practice E105 provides principles for designing probability sampling plans in relation to the objectives of study, costs, and practical constraints. Practice E122 aids in specifying the required sample size. Practice E141 describes conditions to ensure validity of the results of sampling. Further description of the designs and formulas in this guide, and beyond it, can be found in textbooks (1-10).34.2 Sampling, both discrete and bulk, is a clerical and physical operation. It generally involves training enumerators and technicians to use maps, directories and stop watches so as to locate designated sampling units. Once a sampling unit is located at its address, discrete sampling and area sampling enumeration proceeds to a measurement. For bulk sampling, material is extracted into a composite.4.3 A sampling plan consists of instructions telling how to list addresses and how to select the addresses to be measured or extracted. A frame is a listing of addresses each of which is indexed by a single integer or by an n-tuple (several integer) number. The sampled population consists of all addresses in the frame that can actually be selected and measured. It is sometimes different from a targeted population that the user would have preferred to be covered.4.4 A selection scheme designates which indexes constitute the sample. If certified random numbers completely control the selection scheme the sample is called a probability sample. Certified random numbers are those generated either from a table (for example, Ref (11)) that has been tested for equal digit frequencies and for serial independence, from a computer program that was checked to have a long cycle length, or from a random physical method such as tossing of a coin or a casino-quality spinner.4.5 The objective of sampling is often to estimate the mean of the population for some variable of interest by the corresponding sample mean. By adopting probability sampling, selection bias can be essentially eliminated, so the primary goal of sample design in discrete sampling becomes reducing sampling variance.AbstractThis guide defines terms and introduces basic methods for probability sampling of discrete populations, areas, and bulk materials. It provides an overview of common probability sampling methods employed by users of ASTM standards. This guide also describes the principal types of sampling designs and provides formulas for estimating population means and standard errors of the estimates.1.1 This guide defines terms and introduces basic methods for probability sampling of discrete populations, areas, and bulk materials. It provides an overview of common probability sampling methods employed by users of ASTM standards.1.2 Sampling may be done for the purpose of estimation, of comparison between parts of a sampled population, or for acceptance of lots. Sampling is also used for the purpose of auditing information obtained from complete enumeration of the population.1.3 No system of units is specified in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
标准号:
ASTM E1402-13(2023)
标准名称:
Standard Guide for Sampling Design
英文名称:
Standard Guide for Sampling Design标准状态:
Active-
发布日期:
-
实施日期:
出版语种:
- 其它标准
- 上一篇: ASTM E140-12B(2019)e1 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
- 下一篇: ASTM E1403-97(2019) Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Boiling Flasks
- 推荐标准
- ASTM E2102-21 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Mass Loss and Ignitability for Screening Purposes Using a Conical Radiant Heater
- ASTM E2103/E2103M-19 Standard Classification for Bridge Elements—UNIFORMAT II
- ASTM E2104-22 Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Advanced Aero and Turbine Materials and Components
- ASTM E2106-00(2019) Standard Practice for General Techniques of Liquid Chromatography-Infrared (LC/IR) and Size Exclusion Chromatography-Infrared (SEC/IR) Analyses
- ASTM E2107-20 Standard Practice for Environmental Regulatory Compliance Audits
- ASTM E2108-16 Standard Practice for Calibration of the Electron Binding-Energy Scale of an X-Ray Photoelectron Spectrometer
- ASTM E2109-01(2021) Standard Test Methods for Determining Area Percentage Porosity in Thermal Sprayed Coatings
- ASTM E211-82(2022) Standard Specification for Cover Glasses and Glass Slides for Use in Microscopy
- ASTM E2110-17 Standard Terminology for Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS)
- ASTM E2112-23 Standard Practice for Installation of Exterior Windows, Doors and Skylights
- ASTM E2113-23 Standard Test Method for Length Change Calibration of Thermomechanical Analyzers
- ASTM E2114-23 Standard Terminology for Sustainability
- ASTM E2115-22 Standard Guide for Conducting Lead Hazard Assessments of Dwellings and of Other Child-Occupied Facilities
- ASTM E2121-21 Standard Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential Buildings
- ASTM E2122-22 Standard Guide for Conducting In-situ Field Bioassays With Caged Bivalves