【国外标准】 Standard Practice for Selection, Integration, and Verification of Active Vehicle Barrier Safety Devices

4.1 There have been instances in the past in which undesired collisions between authorized vehicles and AVBS have occurred. Properly selected, designed, and installed safety devices that are able to inhibit deployment of active barriers when authorized vehicles are in the hazard detection space, in direct proximity to the barrier, can minimize the likelihood that such accidents occur.4.2 Unintended barrier/vehicle collisions can be very hazardous, will frequently result in significant damage to property, and can also result in personal injury or death, depending on conditions surrounding an incident.4.3 It is recognized that some vehicle types may not be reliably detected by an individual detection device and an owner may desire placing AVBS in service even though not all vehicle types may be reliably detected. In such determination of use, an owner shall carefully consider such system performance limitations and safety risks, appropriate alternative controls that will minimize safety hazards, and what risks are able to be accepted before placing equipment into service. This practice is intended to provide the owners, designers, installers, integrators, and equipment providers with information that may be important to such decisions, but it is not intended to determine what risks/hazards are acceptable.4.4 It is also recognized that there may be particular conditions in which an owner may determine that it is not acceptable to have safety devices installed in AVBS. For example, there may be conditions under which the security risks are determined to be more important to an owner than the possible safety hazards. In such circumstances, the owner shall accept the safety risks and possible consequences that are associated with such a determination that safety devices will not be used.4.5 If an owner determines that safety devices are not to be used, then it is possible that the owner may choose to implement some alternate means to mitigate or reduce a portion of the safety risks.1.1 This practice is intended to provide methods for selecting, integrating, and verification of active vehicle barrier safety devices so that vehicle barrier systems are reliably and safely controlled when in operation.1.2 There are a number of risks associated with the operation and use of active vehicle barrier systems (AVBS). One of the risks is that of undesired collision between an active vehicle barrier (AVB) and an authorized vehicle. Such risks can be minimized through proper design, construction, installation, operation, and training in the use of such systems.1.3 The proper selection, installation, and use of safety devices that will prevent an AVBS from activating or deploying while an authorized vehicle is transiting the barrier, or when such an authorized vehicle is stopped while a portion of the vehicle is located in the path of or in an unsafe proximity to a barrier, can minimize the likelihood of unintended collision between a barrier and authorized vehicle.1.4 For this practice, safety refers to the ability of the barrier to operate without causing unintended damage to vehicles or injury to people via operation or deployment of the barrier, when an authorized vehicle is transiting the barrier. Security refers to the ability to operate or deploy the barrier to serve its intended purpose of stopping an unauthorized vehicle from passing through the barrier location.1.5 Pedestrians are excluded from the scope of this practice. It is assumed, for the purposes of this practice, that pedestrians are excluded from potentially hazardous locations in the immediate vicinity of AVBS moving components. It is recognized that authorized pedestrians may be present in the area of the movable AVBS for required purposes, such as inspection of vehicles that are stopped. The presence of “casual” pedestrians shall be kept away from the movable elements of the AVBS.1.6 This practice is not intended to address any of the following:1.6.1 Overall performance of vehicle barrier systems or effectiveness as a barrier against any vehicles (see Test Method F2656/F2656M).1.6.2 Impact energy able to be withstood by vehicle barrier systems.1.6.3 Serviceability of barrier systems.1.6.4 Selection of vehicle barrier systems for any particular use.1.6.5 Pedestrian Detection Safety Devices—This practice considers that pedestrians are excluded from hazard zones in the vicinity of vehicle barrier systems; and that only trained and authorized people, such as maintenance staff and security officers performing necessary functions, will be present in the hazard areas when the active barriers are in operation.1.6.6 Design and installation of vehicle barrier systems, other than performance of associated vehicle detection safety devices, and the verification that safety devices are able to be overridden under designated emergency conditions, as required by owners.1.6.7 Operating procedures or instructions for operational use of active vehicle barrier systems once they are installed and placed into service. Although such operating procedures are essential for the safe operation of AVBS in practice, development and implementation of such procedures is beyond the scope of this practice.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.