4.1 The determination of lead and cadmium release from porcelain enamel surfaces was formerly of interest only to manufacturers of porcelain enamel cookware and similar food service products. Food contact surfaces of these container-type products have been evaluated using a test procedure similar to Test Method C738. Recently, however, there has been a need to measure lead and cadmium release from flat or curved porcelain enamel surfaces that are not capable of being evaluated by a test similar to Test Method C738.1.1 This test method covers the precise determination of lead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from porcelain enamel surfaces.1.2 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are given for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 There are several test methods available to measure the lead and cadmium release from dinnerware and cookware (see Test Methods C738 and C1034 and Specification C1035). These standards are used as a control to ensure the protection of the population against a possible health hazard.4 This potential hazard arises with improperly formulated, applied, fired glazes and decorations. This test method deals specifically with ceramic tile that are intended to come in contact with food during its preparation (for example, counter top tile).1.1 This test method covers the precise determination of lead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from glazed ceramic tile that are intended for use in areas of food preparation. The procedure of extraction may be expected to accelerate the release of lead from the glaze and to serve, therefore, as a severe test that is unlikely to be matched under the actual conditions of usage of such ceramic tile. This test method is specific for lead and cadmium.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 The test for cadmium is necessary because it is a toxicant and because there is a limit specified for cadmium in potable water in the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations. This test serves to determine whether the cadmium content of potable water is above or below the acceptable limit.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of dissolved and total recoverable cadmium in water and wastewater by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry.2 Section 44 on Quality Control pertains to these test methods. Four test methods are included as follows:  ConcentrationRange SectionsTest Method A—Atomic Absorption, Direct 0.05 to 2.0 mg/L 7 to 15Test Method B—Atomic Absorption, Chelation-Extraction 5 to 200 μg/L 16 to 24Test Method C—Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry 1 to 100 μg/L 25 to 34Test Method D—Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace 2 to 10 μg/L 35 to 431.2 Test Method B can be used to determine cadmium in brines. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of these test methods for waters of untested matrices.1.3 ICP-MS or ICP-AES may also be appropriate but at a higher instrument cost. See Test Methods D5673 and D1976.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of cadmium are primarily intended to test such material for compliance with compositional specifications in Specification B440. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of cadmium having chemical compositions with the following limits:Element Composition, max, % Antimony 0.001Arsenic 0.003Copper 0.015Lead 0.025Silver 0.010Thallium 0.003Tin 0.010Zinc 0.0351.2 The test methods appear in the following order:  SectionsAntimony by the Rhodamine B Spectrophotometric Method  [0.0002 % to 0.0010 %] 62 – 72Arsenic by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method  [0.001 % to 0.005 %] 40 – 50Copper by the Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method [0.002 % to 0.030 %]  10 – 19Copper, Lead, Silver, and Zinc by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method [0.004 % to 0.02 % Cu, 0.01 % to 0.05 % Pb, 0.004 % to 0.02 % Ag,  and 0.01 % to 0.05 % Zn] 51 – 61Lead by the Dithizone Spectrophotometric Method [0.001 % to 0.05  %] 20 – 29Thallium by the Rhodamine B Spectrophotometric Method  [0.0003 % to 0.005 %] 30 – 39Tin by the 8-Quinolinol Spectrophotometric Method [0.0025 % to 0.0150  %] 73 – 821.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary information is given in Section 6, , , and .1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the requirements for a coating that is a mixture of cadmium and tin mechanically deposited on metal products. The coating shall be 45 to 75 mass % cadmium, the remainder tin. All steel parts that have ultimate tensile strength of 1000 MPa and above and that contain tensile stresses caused by machining, grinding, straightening, or cold forming operation shall be given a stress relief heat treatment prior to cleaning and metal deposition. High-strength steels that have heavy oxide or scale shall be cleaned before application of the coating in accordance with guide B 242. Chromate treatment for Type II shall be done in a solution containing hexavalent chromium. The cadmium-tin coating shall be sufficiently adherent to the basis metal to pass the prescribed testing. Steel springs and other high-strength steel parts shall be free from hydrogen embrittlement. The coating shall be uniform in appearance and substantially free of blisters, pits, nodules, flaking and other defects that can adversely affect the function of the coating. Chemical composition of the cadmium-tin coating shall be determined when required on the purchase order by procedures given in methods E 87 or test methods E 396. The thickness of the coating shall be determined by the microscopical method, the magnetic method, or the beta backscatter method as applicable. Chromate conversion coatings of cadmium-tin both have an essentially silvery-white appearance. Adhesion of the cadmium-tin deposit to the basis metal shall be tested in a manner that is consistent with the service requirements of the coated article. Coated parts to be tested for the absence of embrittlement from cleaning shall be tested for brittle failure in accordance with a suitable method.1.1 This specification covers the requirements for a coating that is a mixture of cadmium and tin mechanically deposited on metal products. The coating is provided in various thicknesses up to and including 12 μm.1.2 Mechanical deposition greatly reduces the risk of hydrogen embrittlement and is suitable for coating bores and recesses in many parts that cannot be conveniently plated electrolytically. (See Appendix X1.)1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 7.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Hydrogen is evolved during metal electrodeposition in aqueous baths. Some of this hydrogen enters parts during plating. If the absorbed hydrogen is at a level presenting embrittlement hazards to high-strength steel, it is removed by baking parts after plating to expel this hydrogen. However, the lack of plate porosity itself may block hydrogen egress. Thus, it becomes important to know both the relative amount of hydrogen absorbed and the plate porosity.5.2 This test provides a quantitative control number for cadmium plate porosity that can be used to control a cadmium plating process and the status of cadmium-plated hardware. It can also be used for plating process troubleshooting and research and development to determine the effects on plate porosity by process variables, contaminants, and materials. When used to control a critical process, control numbers for plate porosity must be determined by correlation with stress rupture specimens or other acceptable standards.5.3 There is no prime standard for plate porosity. For this reason, two ovens must be used, with tests alternated between ovens. Data from the ovens are compared to ensure no equipment change has occurred.1.1 This test method covers an electronic hydrogen detection instrument procedure for measurement of plating permeability to hydrogen. This method measures a variable related to hydrogen absorbed by steel during plating and to the hydrogen permeability of the plate during post plate baking. A specific application of this method is controlling cadmium-plating processes in which the plate porosity relative to hydrogen is critical, such as cadmium on high-strength steel.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statement, see Section 8.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers silver-indium-cadmium alloy for use as a control material in light-water nuclear reactors. The use of this material in applications is excluded where material strength of this alloy is a prime requisite. Also, this material must be protected from the primary water by a corrosion and wear resistant cladding. The identity of each lot by melt number shall be maintained at all stages of manufacture. Parts produced to this specification shall be made from billets by hot working and cold finishing to size. The cold-finished parts shall be produced to the finish condition and dimensions as specified. The surface of the cold-finished part shall be free of oxides, grease, oil, residual lubricants, inclusions, and other extraneous materials. Surface defects such as folds, cracks, seams, slivers, and blisters shall be cause for rejection.1.1 This specification covers silver-indium-cadmium alloy for use as a control material in light-water nuclear reactors.1.2 The scope of this specification excludes the use of this material in applications where material strength of this alloy is a prime requisite. Also, this material must be protected from the primary water by a corrosion and wear resistant cladding.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元

3.1 Silver-indium-cadmium alloy is used as a control material in nuclear reactors. In order to be suitable for this purpose, the material must meet the specifications for assay and impurity content. These test methods are designed to show whether or not a given material meets the specifications as given in Specification C752.3.1.1 An assay is performed to determine whether the material has the chemical composition specified.3.1.2 The impurity content is determined to ensure that the maximum concentration limit of impurities is not exceeded.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical and spectrochemical analysis of nuclear grade silver-indium-cadmium (Ag-In-Cd) alloys to determine compliance with specifications.1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:  SectionsSilver, Indium, and Cadmium by a Titration Method  7 – 15Trace Impurities by Carrier-Distillation Spectro- chemical Method 16 – 221.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard and precautionary statements, see Section 5 and Practices E50.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 The permissible level of heavy metals in certain coatings is specified by governmental regulatory agencies. This test method provides a fully documented procedure for determining low concentrations of lead, cadmium, and cobalt present in both water and solvent-reducible coatings to determine compliance.1.1 This test method covers the determination of lead2 contents between 0.01 and 5 %, cadmium contents between 50 and 150 ppm (mg/kg), and cobalt contents between 50 and 2000 ppm (mg/kg) present in the nonvolatile portion of liquid coatings or contained in dried films. There is no reason to believe that higher levels of all three elements could not be determined by this test method, provided that appropriate dilutions and adjustments in specimen size and reagent quantities are made.1.2 Only pigmented coatings were used for evaluating this test method, but there is no reason to believe that varnishes and lacquers could not be analyzed successfully, provided that appropriate precautions are taken.1.3 This test method is not applicable to the determination of lead in samples containing antimony pigments (low recoveries are obtained).1.4 If lead is present in the sample to be analyzed in the form of an organic lead compound at a concentration greater than 0.1 %, small losses of lead may occur, resulting in slightly poorer precision than shown in Section 12.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 7.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This guide is recommended for use in analyzing the sodium and potassium content of silver-cadmium oxide materials and is meant to be used in conjunction with standard methods of atomic absorption spectroscopy. The recommended procedures cite methods for minimizing extraneous sodium and potassium contamination through use of specific handling procedures and shorter sample preparation methods. This guide also recommends procedures that prevent the formation of nonstable and potentially hazardous silver-acetylene compounds. 1.1 This guide describes procedures for use in conducting analysis of silver-cadmium oxide materials for sodium and potassium content. The exact methods for the performance of this testing are not stated since many different procedures are equally applicable. This guide points out specific procedures for decreasing the chance of recognized potential errors and specifies methods for increasing the sensitivity of the testing. 1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautions see Sections 4 and 6. 1.3 Whoever uses this standard should consult the Material Safety Data Sheet concerning the products involved.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab, ball or stick form. The cadmium shall be furnished in commercial standard forms or shapes. The cadmium supplied shall conform to the chemical requirements for one of the three grades, L01951, L01971, L01981. The producer may obtain representative samples from the molten metal during casting, and all or part of these samples may be cast into shapes suitable for chemical analysis. The material shall also conform to the chemical composition in iron, copper, nickel, lead, zinc, thallium, tin, silver, antimony, arsenic, and mercury.1.1 This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab, ball or stick form.1.2 Toxicity—Warning: Soluble and respirable forms of cadmium may be harmful to human health and the environment in certain forms and concentrations. Therefore, ingestion and inhalation of cadmium should be controlled under the appropriate regulations of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Cadmium-containing alloys and coatings should not be used on articles that will contact food or beverages, or for dental and other equipment that is normally inserted in the mouth. Similarly, if articles using cadmium-containing alloys or coatings are welded, soldered, brazed, ground, “flame-cut,” or otherwise heated during fabrication, adequate ventilation must be provided to maintain occupational cadmium exposure below the OSHA Permissible Exposure Level (PEL).1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This test method details the standard and precise procedures for the determination of lead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from glazed ceramic surfaces. The apparatus needed for this procedure include an atomic absorption spectrometer, lead and cadmium lamps, and glassware of chemical resistant borosilicate glass. The water, detergent wash, and reagents such as acetic acid, lead nitrate solution, hydrochloric acid, and cadmium solution should conform to chemical purity specified. Measurement procedures, precision, and bias are discussed thoroughly.1.1 This test method covers the precise determination of lead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from glazed ceramic surfaces. The procedure of extraction may be expected to accelerate the release of lead from the glaze and to serve, therefore, as a severe test that is unlikely to be matched under the actual conditions of usage of such ceramic ware. This test method is specific for lead and cadmium.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited cadmium coatings on products of iron, steel, and other metals. Cadmium coatings are used for corrosion resistance and for corrosion prevention of the basis metal part. The as deposited coating (Type I) is useful for the lowest cost protection in a mild or noncorrosive environment where early formation of white corrosion products is not detrimental or harmful to the function of a component. The prime purpose of the supplementary chromate finishes (Types II and III) on the electroplated cadmium is to increase corrosion resistance.Electrodeposited cadmium coatings shall be classified on the basis of thickness as Class 25, 12, 8, and 5. The coating shall be essentially pure cadmium produced by electrodeposition usually from an alkaline cyanide solution. The basis metal shall be subjected to such cleaning procedures as necessary to ensure a surface satisfactory for subsequent electroplating. Cadmium shall be deposited directly on the basis metal part without an undercoat of another metal except when the part is either stainless steel or aluminum and its alloys. The plating shall be applied after all basis metal heat treatments and mechanical operations. The thickness of the coating everywhere on the significant surface shall conform to the requirements of the specified class. The cadmium coating shall be sufficiently adherent to the basis metal to pass the tests. The supplementary Type II chromate film shall be adherent, nonpowdery, and abrasion resistant. The thickness of electrodeposited cadmium coatings shall be determined by the applicable test methods.1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited cadmium coatings on products of iron, steel, and other metals.NOTE 1: Cadmium is deposited as a coating principally on iron and steel products. It can also be electrodeposited on aluminum, brass, beryllium copper, copper, nickel, and powder metallurgy parts.1.2 The coating is provided in various thicknesses up to and including 25 μm either as electrodeposited or with supplementary finishes.1.3 Cadmium coatings are used for corrosion resistance and for corrosion prevention of the basis metal part. The as-deposited coating (Type I) is useful for the lowest cost protection in a mild or noncorrosive environment where early formation of white corrosion products is not detrimental or harmful to the function of a component. The prime purpose of the supplementary chromate finishes (Types II and III) on the electroplated cadmium is to increase corrosion resistance. Chromating will retard or prevent the formation of white corrosion products on surfaces exposed to various environmental conditions as well as delay the appearance of corrosion from the basis metal.1.4 Cadmium plating is used to minimize bi-metallic corrosion between high-strength steel fasteners and aluminum in the aerospace industry. Undercutting of threads on fastener parts is not necessary as the cadmium coating has a low coefficient of friction that reduces the tightening torque required and allows repetitive dismantling.1.5 Cadmium-coated parts can easily be soldered without the use of corrosive fluxes. Cadmium-coated steel parts have a lower electrical contact resistance than zinc-coated steel. The lubricity of cadmium plating is used on springs for doors and latches and for weaving machinery operating in high humidity. Corrosion products formed on cadmium are tightly adherent. Unlike zinc, cadmium does not build up voluminous corrosion products on the surface. This allows for proper functioning during corrosive exposure of moving parts, threaded assemblies, valves, and delicate mechanisms without jamming with debris.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers the precise determination of lead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from glazed ceramic surfaces under boiling conditions. The procedure of extraction may be expected to accelerate the release of lead and cadmium from the glaze and to serve, therefore, as a severe test that simulates the most severe conditions of usage of such ceramic cookware. This method is specific for lead and cadmium. 1.2 This test method is applicable to ceramic cookware intended for use in contact with food, for example cookware made of china, crockery, porcelain, and earthenware. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元