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4.1 This test method provides a procedure for making a preliminary estimate of the soundness of aggregates for use in concrete and other purposes. The values obtained may be compared with specifications, for example Specification C33/C33M, that are designed to indicate the suitability of aggregate proposed for use. Since the precision of this test method is poor (Section 13), it may not be suitable for outright rejection of aggregates without confirmation from other tests more closely related to the specific service intended.4.2 Values for the permitted-loss percentage by this test method are usually different for fine and coarse aggregates, and attention is called to the fact that test results by use of the two salts differ considerably and care must be exercised in fixing proper limits in any specifications that include requirements for these tests. The test is usually more severe when magnesium sulfate is used; accordingly, limits for percent loss allowed when magnesium sulfate is used are normally higher than limits when sodium sulfate is used.NOTE 2: Refer to the appropriate sections in Specification C33/C33M establishing conditions for acceptance of coarse and fine aggregates which fail to meet requirements based on this test.1.1 This test method covers the testing of aggregates to estimate their soundness when subjected to weathering action in concrete or other applications. This is accomplished by repeated immersion in saturated solutions of sodium or magnesium sulfate followed by oven drying to partially or completely dehydrate the salt precipitated in permeable pore spaces. The internal expansive force, derived from the rehydration of the salt upon re-immersion, simulates the expansion of water on freezing. This test method furnishes information helpful in judging the soundness of aggregates when adequate information is not available from service records of the material exposed to actual weathering conditions.1.2 The values stated in SI or inch pound units shall be regarded separately as standard. The inch –pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated are not exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance.1.3 Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.1.4 If the results obtained from another standard are not reported in the same system of units as used by this test method, it is permitted to convert those results using the conversion factors found in the SI Quick Reference Guide.2NOTE 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternate designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is intended as a referee method for compliance with compositional specifications for impurity content. It is assumed that all who use this procedure will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory practices skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Follow appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.1.1 This test method covers the determination of calcium and magnesium in iron ores, concentrates, and agglomerates in the mass fraction (%) range from 0.05 % to 5 % of calcium and 0.05 % to 3 % of magnesium.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers steel sheet in coils and cut lengths coated with zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy by hot-dip process intended for applications requiring corrosion resistance and paintability. The steel sheet shall be produced in the following designations: commercial steel (CS types A,B,C), forming steel (FS type A and B), deep drawing steel (DDS), extra deep drawing steel (EDDS), structural steel (SS), high strength low alloy steel (HSLAS), and high strength low alloy steel with improved formability (HSLAS-F). Structural steel and high strength low alloy steel shall be available in several grades based on mechanical properties such as yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation. Structural steel Grade 50 [340] shall be available in four classes based on tensile strength. The coating weights [masses] shall conform to the specified requirements determined by triple-spot and single-spot tests. The coating bath composition and the method of estimating the coating thickness from the coating weight [mass] are given. Heat analysis of the base metal shall conform to the chemical requirements prescribed for carbon, manganese, phosphorous, sulfur, aluminum, copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, columbium, and titanium. Bending properties of the base metal including minimum cold bending radii and cracks, and the coating bend test requirements are detailed.1.1 This specification covers zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy-coated steel sheet in coils and cut lengths.1.2 This product is intended for applications requiring corrosion resistance and paintability.1.3 The steel sheet is produced in a number of designations, types, grades, and classes designed to be compatible with differing application requirements.1.4 Product furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the latest issue of Specification A924/A924M, unless otherwise provided herein.1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.6 Units—This specification is applicable to orders in either inch-pound units (as A1046) or SI units (as A1046M). Values in inch-pound and SI units are not necessarily equivalent. Within the text, SI units are shown in brackets. Each system shall be used independently of the other.1.7 Unless the order specifies the “M” designation (SI units), the product shall be furnished to inch-pound units.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM B94-18 Standard Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Die Castings Active 发布日期 :  1970-01-01 实施日期 : 

This specification covers magnesium-alloy die castings. The magnesium alloys used for the manufacture of die castings shall conform to the chemical composition requirements of this specification. The producer or supplier is responsible for the performance of all inspection and test requirements when specified in the contract or purchase order. Samples for chemical analysis shall be taken from the material by drilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping a representative piece or pieces to obtain a weight of prepared sample the soundness of die castings which shall conform to standards or requirements agreed upon between the producer or supplier and the purchaser. Die castings shall have uniform quality that is free from injurious discontinuities that will adversely affect their serviceability. All castings shall be properly marked for identification with the part number, name or brand of the producer, as agreed upon the contract.1.1 This specification covers magnesium-alloy die castings. Current alloy compositions are specified under the designations shown in Table 1.2(A) Analysis shall regularly be made only for the elements specifically mentioned in this table. If, however, the presence of other elements is suspected or indicated in the course of routine analysis, further analysis shall be made to determine that these other elements are not in excess of 0.3 %.(B) The following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes of acceptance and rejection an observed value or a calculated value obtained from analysis should be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specified limit in accordance with the rounding procedure prescribed in Section 3 of Practice E29.(C) Where single units are shown, these indicate the maximum amounts permitted.(D) ASTM alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B951, UNS designations were established in accordance with Practice E527.(E) In alloys AS41B, AM50A, AJ52A, AM60B, AJ62A, and AZ91D, if either the minimum manganese limit or the maximum iron limit is not met, then the iron/manganese ratio shall not exceed 0.010, 0.015, 0.015, 0.021, 0.021, and 0.032, respectively.(F) Alloys AJ52A, AJ62A, and AS21B are patented compositions for elevated temperature applications. Interested parties are invited to submit information regarding the identification of alternatives to these compositions to ASTM International. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are standard. The SI values in parentheses are provided for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This specification covers commercial zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloys in ingot form for remelting for the coating of steel sheet as specified in Table 1, and referenced in Specifications A875/A875M and A1046/A1046M. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification establishes the requirements for sheets and strips of copper-aluminum-silicon-cobalt, copper-nickel-silicon-magnesium, copper-nickel-silicon, copper-nickel-aluminum-magnesium, and copper-nickel-tin alloys with Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C19010, C19020, C19025, C63800, C64725, C70250, C70260, and C70265. Materials shall be tested and shall conform to dimensional (thickness, width, length, straightness, and edges), mechanical (tensile and yield strength, elongation, and ductility or formability), electrical resistivity, chemical composition requirements.1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for2 Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C19002, C19010, C19015, C19020, C19025, C63800, C64725, C70250, C70260, C70265, C70310, and C70350 sheet and strip.1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test method(s) described in this specification.1.3.1 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers magnesium-alloy extruded bars, rods, profiles, tubes, and wire. The bars, rods, profiles, tubes, or wire shall conform to the chemical requirements specified. Tensile properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of magnesium alloys shall be determined. All material shall be of uniform quality, free from injurious surface defects, and shall have a workmanlike finish.1.1 This specification covers magnesium-alloy extruded bars, rods, profiles, tubes, and wire of the composition given in Table 1.1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standards. The SI units are shown in brackets or in separate tables or columns. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.1.3 Unless the order specifies the “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This practice provides a system for the codification of unalloyed magnesium and magnesium alloys in the cast and wrought forms. Code designations shall be based on their chemical composition limits. For alloys, designations shall consist of not more than two letters representing the alloying elements specified in the greatest amount, followed by the respective percentages and a serial letter. The letters that represent the alloying elements are: A for aluminum; C for copper; E for rare earths; J for strontium; K for zirconium; L for lithium; M for manganese; Q for silver; S for silicon; T for tin; V for gadolinium; W for yttrium; and Z for zinc. For unalloyed metals, designations shall consist of the specified minimum purity, followed by a serial letter. For both cases, the full name of the base metal precedes the designation, but is omitted for brevity when the base metal being referred to is obvious.1.1 This practice provides a system for designating unalloyed magnesium and magnesium-alloys that have been used commercially since 1952, and thus is intended to be the registration source for unalloyed magnesium and magnesium-alloys. A record of designations along with the established compositions is given in Table 2.1.2 The equivalent Unified Numbering System (UNS) alloy designations shown in the appendixes are in accordance with Practice E527.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice, used in conjunction with the following quantitative atomic emission spectrochemical test method, B954, is suitable for use in manufacturing control, material or product acceptance, certification, and research and development.1.1 This practice describes the sampling of magnesium and magnesium-base alloys to obtain a chill-cast sample suitable for quantitative atomic emission spectrochemical analysis. The disk in the region to be excited is representative of the melt and gives a repeatability of results that approach that of the reference materials used.1.2 This practice describes the procedure for representative sampling of molten metal.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific Warning Statements are given in 5.1.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The metallurgical properties of magnesium and its alloys are highly dependant on chemical composition. Precise and accurate analyses are essential to obtaining desired properties, meeting customer specifications and helping to reduce scrap due to off-grade material.5.2 This test method is applicable to chill cast specimens as defined in Practice B953 and can also be applied to other types of samples provided that suitable reference materials are available.1.1 This test method describes the analysis of magnesium and its alloys by atomic emission spectrometry. The magnesium specimen to be analyzed may be in the form of a chill cast disk, casting, sheet, plate, extrusion or some other wrought form or shape. The elements covered in the scope of this method are listed in the table below.Element Mass Fraction Range (Wt %)Aluminum 0.001 to 12.0Beryllium 0.0001 to 0.01Boron 0.0001 to 0.01Cadmium 0.0001 to 0.05Calcium 0.0005 to 0.05Cerium 0.01 to 3.0Chromium 0.0002 to 0.005Copper 0.001 to 0.05Dysprosium 0.01 to 1.0Erbium 0.01 to 1.0Gadolinium 0.01 to 3.0Iron 0.001 to 0.06Lanthanum 0.01 to 1.5Lead 0.005 to 0.1Lithium 0.001 to 0.05Manganese 0.001 to 2.0Neodymium 0.01 to 3.0Nickel 0.0005 to 0.05Phosphorus 0.0002 to 0.01Praseodymium 0.01 to 0.5Samarium 0.01 to 1.0Silicon 0.002 to 5.0Silver 0.001 to 0.2Sodium 0.0005 to 0.01Strontium 0.01 to 4.0Tin 0.002 to 0.05Titanium 0.001 to 0.02Yttrium 0.02 to 7.0Ytterbium 0.01 to 1.0Zinc 0.001 to 10.0Zirconium 0.001 to 1.0NOTE 1: The mass fraction ranges given in the above scope are estimates based on two manufacturers observations and data provided by a supplier of atomic emission spectrometers. The range shown for each element does not demonstrate the actual usable analytical range for that element. The usable analytical range may be extended higher or lower based on individual instrument capability, spectral characteristics of the specific element wavelength being used and the availability of appropriate reference materials.1.2 This test method is suitable primarily for the analysis of chill cast disks as described in Sampling Practice B953. Other forms may be analyzed, provided that: (1) they are sufficiently massive to prevent undue heating, (2) they allow machining to provide a clean, flat surface which creates a seal between the specimen and the spark stand, and (3) reference materials of a similar metallurgical condition (spectrochemical response) and chemical composition are available.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety and health statements are given in Section 10.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Personnel utilizing reference radiographs to this standard shall be qualified and authorized to perform radiographic interpretation in accordance with a nationally or internationally recognized NDT personnel qualification practice or standard such as ANSI/ASNT-CP-189, SNT-TC-1A, NAS 410, ISO 9712 or a similar document and certified by the employer or certifying agency, as applicable. The practice or standard used and its applicable revision shall be identified in the contractual agreement between the using parties. A certified Level III shall be available to assist with interpreting specifications and product requirements as applied to the reference radiographs (if the Level III is the radiographic interpreter, this may be the same person).4.2 These radiographs are intended for reference only but are so designed that acceptance standards, which may be developed for particular requirements, can be specified in terms of these radiographs. The illustrations are radiographs of castings that were produced under conditions designed to develop the discontinuities. The radiographs of the 1/4 in. (6.35 mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 1/2 in. (12.7 mm). The radiographs of the 3/4 in. (19.1 mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over 1/2 in. up to and including 2 in. (51 mm). The grouping and system of designations are based on considerations of the best practical means of making these reference radiographs of the greatest possible value.4.3 Film Deterioration—Radiographic films are subject to wear and tear from handling and use. The extent to which the image deteriorates over time is a function of storage conditions, care in handling and amount of use. Reference radiograph films are no exception and may exhibit a loss in image quality over time. The radiographs should therefore be periodically examined for signs of wear and tear, including scratches, abrasions, stains, and so forth. Any reference radiographs which show signs of excessive wear and tear which could influence the interpretation and use of the radiographs should be replaced.1.1 These reference radiographs illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities that may be found in aluminum-alloy and magnesium-alloy castings. The castings illustrated are in thicknesses of 1/4 in. (6.35 mm) and 3/4 in. (19.1 mm). The reference radiograph films are an adjunct to this document and shall be purchased separately from ASTM International if needed.1.2 These film reference radiographs are not intended to illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities found in aluminum-alloy and magnesium-alloy castings when performing digital radiography. If performing digital radiography of aluminum-alloy castings, refer to Digital Reference Image Standard E2422. If performing digital radiography of magnesium-alloy castings, refer to Digital Reference Image Standard E2869.1.3 This document may be used where no other applicable document exists, for other material thicknesses for which it has been found to be applicable and for which agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the manufacturer.1.4 From time to time, there may be minor changes to the process for manufacturing of the reference radiograph adjunct materials. These changes could include changes in the films or processing chemicals used, changes in the dies or printing for the cardboard mats, etc.; however, in all cases, these changes are reviewed by the Illustration Monitoring Subcommittee and all reference radiographs are reviewed against a fixed prototype image to ensure that there are no changes to the acceptance level represented by the reference radiographs. Therefore, the adjunct reference radiographs remain valid for use with this standard regardless of the date of production or the revision level of the text standard.1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.NOTE 1: Vol I: The set of reference radiographs consists of 13 plates covering discontinuities in aluminum-alloy castings and 10 plates covering discontinuities in magnesium-alloy castings. Each plate is held in an 81/2 by 11 in. (216 by 279 mm) cardboard frame and each plate illustrates eight grades of severity for the discontinuity in approximately a 2 by 2 in. (51 by 51 mm) area. The cardboard frames are contained in a 101/2 by 111/2 in. (267 by 292 mm) ring binder. The reference radiographs are not impacted by this revision. There have been no revisions to the adjunct reference radiographs since original issue. The adjunct reference radiographs of any issue remain valid and may be used to this standard.Vol. II: The set of reference radiographs consists of four plates covering discontinuities in magnesium-alloy castings only. Each plate is held in an 81/2 by 11 in. (216 by 279 mm) cardboard frame and illustrates eight grades of severity for the discontinuity (with the exception of discrete discontinuities, where only one example of each discontinuity is given).NOTE 2: Reference radiographs applicable to aluminum and magnesium die castings up to 1 in. (25 mm) in thickness are contained in Reference Radiographs E505.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This standard covers digital reference images for inspection of aluminum and magnesium die castings. These digital reference images illustrate various categories, types, and severity levels of discontinuities that may occur in aluminum-alloy and magnesium-alloy die castings. They are intended to provide: a guide enabling recognition of discontinuities and their differentiation both as to type and severity level through digital radiographic imaging; and example digital radiographic illustrations of discontinuities and a nomenclature for reference in acceptance standards, specifications, and drawings. These digital reference images consist of nine images covering discontinuities in aluminum and magnesium alloy die castings. Four contain graded sequences of four levels of increasing severity in aluminum castings. Four contain graded sequences of four levels of increasing severity in magnesium castings. The last image contains ungraded illustrations of inclusions in aluminum and magnesium alloy die castings. This standard covers both graded and ungraded illustration categories. These digital reference images are not intended to illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities found in aluminum and magnesium die castings when performing film radiography.1.1 These digital reference images illustrate various categories, types, and severity levels of discontinuities that may occur in aluminum-alloy and magnesium-alloy die castings. They are intended to provide:1.1.1 A guide enabling recognition of discontinuities and their differentiation both as to type and severity level through digital radiographic imaging.1.1.2 Example digital radiographic illustrations of discontinuities and a nomenclature for reference in acceptance standards, specifications, and drawings.NOTE 1: The basis of application for these reference images requires a prior purchaser supplier agreement of radiographic examination attributes and acceptance criteria as described in Sections 5 and 6 of this standard.1.2 These digital reference images consist of nine images covering discontinuities in aluminum and magnesium alloy die castings. Four contain graded sequences of four levels of increasing severity in aluminum castings. Four contain graded sequences of four levels of increasing severity in magnesium castings. The last image contains ungraded illustrations of inclusions in aluminum and magnesium alloy die castings.1.3 Two kinds of illustration categories are covered as follows:1.3.1 Graded—Three discontinuity categories for aluminum die castings and three discontinuity categories for magnesium die castings, each illustrated in four levels of progressively increasing severity. Category A discontinuities are illustrated for aluminum and magnesium die castings having thicknesses of 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) and 5/8 in. (15.9 mm); Category B discontinuities are illustrated for 1/8 in. thick aluminum and magnesium die castings; and Category C discontinuities are illustrated for 5/8 in. (15.9 mm) thick aluminum and magnesium die castings.1.3.2 Ungraded—One illustration of one discontinuity for 0.20 in. (5.1 mm) thickness aluminum die casting and one illustration of one discontinuity for 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) thickness magnesium die casting.1.4 This document may be used for other materials, thicknesses or with other energy levels for which it has been found to be applicable and agreement has been reached between purchaser and supplier.1.5 All areas of this standard may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These items should be addressed in the purchase order or the contract.1.6 These digital reference images are not intended to illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities found in aluminum and magnesium die castings when performing film radiography. If performing film radiography of aluminum or magnesium die castings, refer to Reference Radiographs E505.1.7 Only licensed copies of the software and images shall be utilized for production inspection. A copy of the ASTM/User license agreement shall be kept on file for audit purposes. (See Note 2.)NOTE 2: The set of digital reference images consists of nine digital data files, and software to load the desired format and specific instructions on the loading process. The nine reference images illustrate eight sets of graded discontinuities and one category of ungraded discontinuities. Available from ASTM International Headquarters, Order No: RRE2973.1.8 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method may be used for the determination of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium in atmospheric wet deposition samples.5.2 Emphasis is placed on the easily contaminated quality of atmospheric wet deposition samples due to the low concentration levels of dissolved metals commonly present.1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium in atmospheric wet deposition (rain, snow, sleet, and hail) by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) (1).21.2 The concentration ranges are listed below. The range tested was confirmed using the interlaboratory collaborative test (see Table 1 for a statistical summary of the collaborative test).  MDL(mg/L) (2) Range of Method(mg/L) Range Tested(mg/L) Calcium 0.009 0.03–3.00 0.168–2.939Magnesium 0.003 0.01–1.00 0.039–0.682Potassium 0.003 0.01–1.00 0.029–0.499Sodium 0.003 0.01–2.00 0.105–1.841.3 The method detection limit (MDL) as given in 1.2 is based on single operator precision. Detection limits vary by instrumentation. Laboratories may be able to achieve lower detection limits. The method detection limit for this method as described in 1.2 was determined in 1987 (2) .1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 8.3, 8.7, 12.1.8, and Section 9.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 Metals are electroplated on magnesium for various purposes: solderability, RF grounding, hermetic sealing, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, appearance, and electrical conductivity, for example. Because magnesium is covered with a naturally occurring oxide film, usual procedures for the preparation of metals for autocatalytic or electrolytic plating cannot be used.1.1 This guide describes two processes used for plating on magnesium and magnesium alloys: direct electroless nickel plating and zinc immersion. Some users report that the direct electroless nickel procedure does not produce quite as high a level of adhesion as zinc immersion.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 5.1.1 and 5.2.9.2.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 These test methods may be used to confirm the stated SiO2, CaO, and MgO content of magnesium silicate for quality control.1.1 These test methods cover the analysis of magnesium silicate pigment.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价: 515元 / 折扣价: 438 加购物车

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