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This practice establishes the standard procedures for the determination of the Scleroscope hardness of metallic materials, the verification of Scleroscope hardness instruments by a standardized test block method, and alternatively, the calibration of standardized hardness test blocks used for the verification of Scleroscope hardness instruments.1.1 This practice covers the determination of the Scleroscope hardness of metallic materials (Part A), the verification of Scleroscope hardness instruments (Part B), and the calibration of standardized hardness test blocks (Part C).1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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This specification covers gabions and revet mattresses produced from double-twisted metallic-coated wire mesh, and metallic-coated wire for lacing wire, stiffeners, and fasteners used for manufacturing, assembling, and installation of the product. Double-twisted wire gabions and revet mattresses are classified according to coating, as follows: Style 1, Style 2, Style 3, Style 4. The wire used in the manufacture of double-twisted mesh for use in gabions and revet mattresses shall conform to the specific styles. Lacing wire and stiffeners shall be made of wire having the same coating material as the double-twisted wire mesh. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength shall be meet for the different styles of wires. Coatings shall conform to the required specific gravity, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, hardness, and brittleness temperature, resistance to abrasion, salt spray exposure and ultraviolet exposure.1.1 This specification covers gabions and revet mattresses produced from double-twisted metallic-coated wire mesh, and metallic-coated wire for lacing wire, stiffeners, and fasteners used for manufacturing, assembling, and installation of the product. This specification also covers gabions and revet mattresses in which the wire mesh, lacing wire, and stiffeners are poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) coated after the metallic coating.1.2 Double-twisted wire mesh for gabions and revet mattresses is produced in different styles, based on type of coating, as described in Section 4.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 13, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is intended for application in the semiconductor industry for evaluating the purity of materials (for example, sputtering targets, evaporation sources) used in thin film metallization processes. This test method may be useful in additional applications, not envisioned by the responsible technical committee, as agreed upon between the parties concerned.5.2 This test method is intended for use by GDMS analysts in various laboratories for unifying the protocol and parameters for determining trace impurities in pure titanium. The objective is to improve laboratory to laboratory agreement of analysis data. This test method is also directed to the users of GDMS analyses as an aid to understanding the determination method, and the significance and reliability of reported GDMS data.5.3 For most metallic species the detection limit for routine analysis is on the order of 0.01 weight ppm. With special precautions detection limits to sub-ppb levels are possible.5.4 This test method may be used as a referee method for producers and users of electronic-grade titanium materials.1.1 This test method covers the determination of concentrations of trace metallic impurities in high purity titanium.1.2 This test method pertains to analysis by magnetic-sector glow discharge mass spectrometer (GDMS).1.3 The titanium matrix must be 99.9 weight % (3N-grade) pure, or purer, with respect to metallic impurities. There must be no major alloy constituent, for example, aluminum or iron, greater than 1000 weight ppm in concentration.1.4 This test method does not include all the information needed to complete GDMS analyses. Sophisticated computer-controlled laboratory equipment skillfully used by an experienced operator is required to achieve the required sensitivity. This test method does cover the particular factors (for example, specimen preparation, setting of relative sensitivity factors, determination of sensitivity limits, etc.) known by the responsible technical committee to effect the reliability of high purity titanium analyses.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 This document specifies requirements and test methods for the qualification and re-qualification of laser beam machines for metal powder bed fusion additive manufacturing for aerospace applications.1.2 It can also be used to verify machine features during periodic inspections or following maintenance and repair activities.

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4.1 If a coating is to fulfill its function of protecting or imparting unique properties to the surface of a substrate, it must adhere to the substrate for the expected service life. Because surface preparation (or lack of it) has a drastic effect on adhesion of coatings, a test method for evaluating adhesion to different surface treatments or of different coatings to the same treatment is of considerable use to the industry.4.2 The limitations of all adhesion methods, and the specific limitation of this test method to lower levels of adhesion (see 1.3) should be recognized before using it. These test methods are mechanized adaptations of Test Methods D3359; therefore, the intra- and interlaboratory precision of these test methods are similar to Test Methods D3359 and to other widely-accepted tests for coated substrates, for example, Test Method D2370, but this is partly the result of it being insensitive to all but large differences in adhesion. The pass-fail scale of 0 to 5 for Method B1 and B2 was selected deliberately to avoid a false impression of being sensitive.1.1 These test methods describe procedures for assessing the adhesion of metallic and inorganic coatings and other thin films to metallic and nonmetallic substrates. Assessment is made by applying pressure-sensitive tape to a coated surface and then utilizing a mechanical device to remove the tape at a regulated, uniform rate and constant angle while simultaneously recording the removal force.1.2 Four methods are described. Methods A1 and A2 are intended primarily for use on parts. Methods B1 and B2 are intended primarily for use in laboratory evaluations. Methods B1 and B2 are not recommended for testing coatings and films on polymer substrates.1.3 These test methods may be used to establish whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate is within a required range (between a quantified low and a quantified high level). Determination of actual adhesive forces requires more sophisticated methods of measurement. In multilayer systems adhesion failure may occur between intermediate coating layers so that the adhesion of the total coating system to the substrate may not necessarily be determined.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 Most coating specifications specify the thickness of the coating because coating thickness is often an important factor in the performance of the coating in service.3.2 The methods included in this guide are suitable for acceptance testing and are to be found in ASTM standards.3.3 Each method has its own limitations with respect to the kind of coating and its thickness.1.1 This guide covers the methods for measuring the thickness of many metallic and inorganic coatings including electrodeposited, mechanically deposited, vacuum deposited, anodic oxide, and chemical conversion coatings.1.2 This guide is limited to tests considered in ASTM standards and does not cover certain tests that are employed for special applications.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E796-94(2000) Standard Test Method for Ductility Testing of Metallic Foil (Withdrawn 2009) Withdrawn, No replacement 发布日期 :  1970-01-01 实施日期 : 

For bulk specimens, tension tests provide an adequate means to determine the ductility of materials either through the measurement of elongation or reduction of area. For foil specimens, however, tension tests are not very useful for the determination of ductility. This test method, employing low-cycle fatigue, circumvents the difficulties arising from the continuous application of strain until fracture and determines the ductility indirectly from empirical low-cycle fatigue relationships for metals. The results of ductility tests from selected portions of a metallic foil may not totally represent the ductility of the entire foil or its in-service behavior in different environments. This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, design purposes, service evaluation, manufacturing control, and research and development.1.1 This test method covers the determination of ductility, that is, the ability to undergo plastic deformation in tension or bending before fracturing, of metallic foil in thicknesses up through 0.150 mm (0.0059 in.). 1.2 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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This specification covers metallic-coated, painted metallic-coated, and painted nonmetallic-coated steel sheet used in the manufacture of cold-formed framing members, such as, but not limited to, studs, joists, purlins, girts, and track. The steel sheet is available in the following designations: Structural Grade 50 Type H (ST50H), Structural Grade 340 Type H [ST340H], Structural Grade 40 Type H (ST40H), Structural Grade 275 Type H [ST275H], Structural Grade 37 Type H (ST37H), Structural Grade 255 Type H [ST255H], Structural Grade 33 Type H (ST33H), Structural Grade 230 Type H [ST230H], Structural Grade 50 Type L (ST50L), Structural Grade 340 Type L [ST340L], Structural Grade 40 Type L (ST40L), Structural Grade 275 Type L [ST275L], Structural Grade 37 Type L (ST37L), Structural Grade 255 Type L [ST255L], Structural Grade 33 Type L (ST33L), Structural Grade 230 Type L [ST230L], Nonstructural Grade 33 (NS33), and Nonstructural Grade 230 [NS230]. The ordered thickness shall be the base metal thickness. The base metal shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, columbium, and titanium, as determined by heat and product analyses. Mechanical and corrosion tests shall be performed as prescribed. The base metal shall also conform to the mechanical property requirements including yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation. Coating requirements such as coating weight [mass], corrosion standard, thickness, flexibility and adhesion, are specified.1.1 This specification covers coated steel sheet used in the manufacture of cold-formed framing members, such as, but not limited to, studs, joists, purlins, girts, and track.1.2 The steel sheet used for cold-formed framing members includes metallic-coated, painted metallic-coated, or painted nonmetallic-coated.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units shall be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.1.4 Unless the order specifies the “M” designation [SI units], the product shall be furnished to inch-pound units.1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.1.6 Product furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the latest issue of Specification A924/A924M, unless otherwise provided herein.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers welded wire mesh fence fabric produced from steel wire or metallic-coated steel wire. The metallic-coated fabric may be polymer coated after fabrication. This specification identifies the three major classifications of welded wire mesh fence fabric - Panel Sizes Model A, B, and C - and the test methods conducted on the welded wire fabric. It also indicates the physical properties, dimension, tolerance, and workmanship of the welded wire mesh fence fabric.1.1 This specification covers welded wire mesh fence fabric produced from steel wire or metallic-coated steel wire. The metallic-coated fabric may be polymer coated after fabrication.1.2 Welded wire mesh fence fabric is produced in four types, based on the kind of coating, as described in Section 4.1.3 This specification is applicable to orders in either inch-pound units or SI units. Values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values in the two systems are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independent of the other, without combining values in any way.1.4 This specification references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, 13.4, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This practice is intended solely for the evaluation of metallic-coated, painted metallic-coated, and painted nonmetallic-coated materials used for the manufacture of cold formed framing members.5.2 Correlation and extrapolation of corrosion performance based on exposure to the test environment provided by Practice B117 are not always predictable. Correlation and extrapolation should be considered only in cases where appropriate corroborating long-term atmospheric exposures have been conducted.5.3 This practice assesses whether coated materials not currently in Specification A1003/A1003M satisfy the required minimum corrosion characteristics.1.1 This practice covers procedures for establishing the acceptability of metallic-coated steel sheet, painted metallic-coated steel sheet, and painted nonmetallic-coated steel sheet for use as cold formed framing members.1.2 This practice shall be used to assess the corrosion resistance of different coatings on steel sheet in a laboratory test. It shall not be used as an application performance standard for the cold formed framing members.1.3 The practice shall be used to evaluate coatings under consideration for addition to Specification A1003/A1003M.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The axial force fatigue test is used to determine the effect of variations in material, geometry, surface condition, stress, and so forth, on the fatigue resistance of metallic materials subjected to direct stress for relatively large numbers of cycles. The results may also be used as a guide for the selection of metallic materials for service under conditions of repeated direct stress.4.2 In order to verify that such basic fatigue data generated using this practice is comparable, reproducible, and correlated among laboratories, it may be advantageous to conduct a round-robin-type test program from a statistician's point of view. To do so would require the control or balance of what are often deemed nuisance variables; for example, hardness, cleanliness, grain size, composition, directionality, surface residual stress, surface finish, and so forth. Thus, when embarking on a program of this nature it is essential to define and maintain consistency a priori, as many variables as reasonably possible, with as much economy as prudent. All material variables, testing information, and procedures used should be reported so that correlation and reproducibility of results may be attempted in a fashion that is considered reasonably good current test practice.4.3 The results of the axial force fatigue test are suitable for application to design only when the specimen test conditions realistically simulate service conditions or some methodology of accounting for service conditions is available and clearly defined.1.1 This practice covers the procedure for the performance of axial force controlled fatigue tests to obtain the fatigue strength of metallic materials in the fatigue regime where the strains are predominately elastic, both upon initial loading and throughout the test. This practice is limited to the fatigue testing of axial unnotched and notched specimens subjected to a constant amplitude, periodic forcing function in air at room temperature.1.2 The use of this test method is limited to specimens and does not cover testing of full-scale components, structures, or consumer products.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.NOTE 1: The following documents, although not directly referenced in the text, are considered important enough to be listed in this practice:E739 Practice for Statistical Analysis of Linear or Linearized Stress-Life (S-N) and Strain-Life (ε-N) Fatigue DataSTP 566 Handbook of Fatigue Testing2STP 588 Manual on Statistical Planning and Analysis for Fatigue Experiments3STP 731 Tables for Estimating Median Fatigue Limits41.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 These test methods of impact testing relate specifically to the behavior of metal when subjected to a single application of a force resulting in multi-axial stresses associated with a notch, coupled with high rates of loading and in some cases with high or low temperatures. For some materials and temperatures the results of impact tests on notched specimens, when correlated with service experience, have been found to predict the likelihood of brittle fracture accurately. Further information on significance appears in Appendix X1.1.1 These test methods describe notched-bar impact testing of metallic materials by the Charpy (simple-beam) test and the Izod (cantilever-beam) test. They give the requirements for: test specimens, test procedures, test reports, test machines (see Annex A1) verifying Charpy impact machines (see Annex A2), optional test specimen configurations (see Annex A3), designation of test specimen orientation (see Terminology E1823), and determining the shear fracture appearance (see Annex A4). In addition, information is provided on the significance of notched-bar impact testing (see Appendix X1), and methods of measuring the center of strike (see Appendix X2).1.2 These test methods do not address the problems associated with impact testing at temperatures below –196 °C (77 K).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3.1 Exception—Section 9 and Annex A4 provide inch-pound units for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 6.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Fatigue test results may be significantly influenced by the properties and history of the parent material, the operations performed during the preparation of the fatigue specimens, and the testing machine and test procedures used during the generation of the data. The presentation of fatigue test results should include citation of basic information on the material, specimens, and testing to increase the utility of the results and to reduce to a minimum the possibility of misinterpretation or improper application of those results.1.1 This practice covers the desirable and minimum information to be communicated between the originator and the user of data derived from constant-force amplitude axial, bending, or torsion fatigue tests of metallic materials tested in air and at room temperature.NOTE 1: Practice E466, although not directly referenced in the text, is considered important enough to be listed in this standard.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 In order that a sound solder joint be formed simply and quickly in a production operation, the molten solder must readily wet and spread over the surfaces of the products being joined. For this to happen, the surfaces must be clean or be soiled only with contaminants that are easily removed by an appropriate flux. It often is necessary that the flux be only strong enough to remove the normally occurring soils. A more aggressive flux may corrode the product and have other harmful effects. Nonactivated rosin in alcohol is the standard flux used in this test method; however, provision is made for the use of other fluxes. Since rosin is a mild flux, it provides better discrimination between acceptable and unacceptable solderability in marginal cases than do more active fluxes.4.2 Metallic coatings are frequently used to provide solderable surfaces. But, an improperly produced coating may not yield the required solderability. There are many coating defects that cause poor solderability including porosity, codeposited impurities, incorrect thickness, and surface contamination. It may be difficult or impractical to test a coating directly for each of the undesirable conditions. In these instances solderability is tested. Products that pass the solderability test can be expected to solder satisfactorily in production. In the case of failure to pass the test, the test results will not reveal the cause of the inadequate solderability, though, with experience, an operator may be able to identify the cause.4.3 This test method measures the ability of a coated product to be soldered with Sn60Pb40 or Sn63Pb37 solder using a nonactivated rosin flux. This solder and this flux, or an activated form of it, are generally used in the assembly of electronic products.4.4 It is intended that the tested specimens be components of electronic products or articles with the same general shape and mass. Articles that are much more massive than this will heat up too slowly during the solder immersion. If more massive specimens are to be tested, a longer immersion time will have to be used, the time to be determined by experiment.4.5 If the specimen tested is longer than 25 mm, its bottom end will be in the solder for significantly longer than the specified time. Therefore, if the specimen is longer than 25 mm, the results obtained at the bottom end of the specimen are invalid. This part of the specimen shall be discounted in the evaluation of the results. A second set of tests can be run on additional specimens in which the specimens are only partly immersed. These would be used to evaluate the bottom ends.1.1 This test method provides a procedure for evaluating the solderability of metallic-coated products and test specimens to assure satisfactory performance in manufacturing processes requiring soldering with soft (tin-lead) solder and rosin flux. This test method is applicable only for testing coatings that are normally readily solderable such as: tin, tin-lead alloy, silver, and gold.1.2 This test method is qualitative and broadly applicable. It is easy to perform and requires only simple equipment. There are other solderability tests not covered by this test method that are more applicable to specific situations, yield quantitative results, or both. Several are described in the literature.2 This is a “go-no-go” test and does not grade solderability as excellent, good, fair, and so forth.1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method will allow comparisons of the burning characteristics of various metallic materials. The burning characteristics that can be evaluated include (1) burn and no-burn pressure, (2) burn and no-burn temperature, (3) regression rate of the melting interface, and (4) visual evaluation of the burning process of the test sample.1.1 This test method covers test apparatus and techniques to determine the minimum test gas pressure and sample temperature that supports self-sustained burning and the regression rate of the melting surface of a standardized sample of a metallic material that has been ignited using a promoter.1.2 The data obtained from this test method are dependent on the precise test sample configuration and provide a basis for comparing the burning characteristics of metallic materials. No criteria are implied for relating these data for the suitability of a material's use in any actual system.1.3 Requirements for apparatus suitable for this test method are given, as well as an example. The example is not required to be used.1.4 This test method is for gaseous oxygen or any mixture of oxygen with inert diluents that will support burning, at any pressure or temperature within the capabilities of the apparatus used.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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