5.1 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Regulations, 40 CFR 266, require that boilers, cement kilns, and other industrial furnaces utilizing waste-derived fuel adhere to specific guidelines in assessing potential metals emissions. A common approach for estimating potential emissions is performing total metals analysis on all feed stream materials. This practice describes a multi-stage microwave-assisted digestion procedure that solubilizes trace elements for spectroscopic analyses.1.1 This practice describes the multi-stage microwave digestion of typical industrial furnace feed stream materials using nitric, hydrofluoric, hydrochloric, and boric acids for the subsequent determination of trace metals.1.2 This practice has been used successfully on samples of coal, coke, cement raw feed materials, and waste-derived fuels composed primarily of waste paint-related material in preparation for measuring the following trace elements: Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sb, and Tl. This practice may be applicable to elements not listed above.1.3 This practice is also effective for other waste materials (for example, fly ash, foundry sand, alum process residue, cement kiln dust, etc.).1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Other units of measurement in parentheses in this standard are informational.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 8.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Partial extraction of soils and sediments can provide information on the availability of elements to leeching, water quality changes, or other site conditions.4.2 Rapid heating, in combination with temperatures in excess of the atmospheric boiling point of nitric acid, reduces sample preparation or reaction times.4.3 Little or no acids are lost to boiling or evaporation in the closed digestion vessel so additional portions of acid may not be required. Increased blank corrections from trace impurities in acid are minimized.1.1 This practice covers the digestion of soils and sediments for subsequent determination of acid-extractable concentrations of certain elements by such techniques as atomic absorption and atomic emission spectroscopy.1.1.1 Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, and zinc can be extracted from the preceding materials. Other elements may be determined using this practice.1.2 The analytical sample is arbitrarily defined as that which passes a 10-mesh (approximately 2 mm openings) screen and is prepared according to Practice D3974.1.3 Actual element quantitation can be accomplished by following the various test methods under other appropriate ASTM standards for element(s) of interest.1.4 The detection limit and linear concentration range for each element is dependent on the atomic absorption or emission spectrophotometric technique employed and may be found in the manual accompanying the instrument used.1.5 Before selecting a digestion technique, the user should consult the appropriate quantitation standard(s) for any special analytical considerations, and Practice D3974 for any special preparatory considerations.1.6 The extent of extraction of elements from soils and sediments by this method is dependent upon the physical and mineralogic characteristics of the prepared sample.1.7 The values stated in both inch-pound and SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information purposes only.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1. Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to microwave ovens capable of generating less than 25 kW of microwave power and manufactured for use in homes, restaurants, food vending or service establishments, and in similar locations, in accordance with the Rul

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1.1 This document contains definitions of technical terms used when evaluating microwave food packaging.1.2 Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other sources are not included.

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5.1 This test method was developed to measure non-UV-absorbing nonvolatile extractables that may be present and migrate from a microwave susceptor material during use. It may be a useful procedure to assist in minimizing the amount of non-UV-absorbing nonvolatile extractables either through susceptor design or manufacturing processes.5.2 Supplementation of this procedure with other analytical technologies such as high-pressure liquid chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography, or infrared or other forms of spectroscopy may provide the analyst with additional information regarding the identification of the components of the non-UV-absorbing nonvolatile extractables in the susceptor.1.1 This test method is applicable to complete microwave susceptors.1.2 This test method covers a procedure for quantitating non-UV-absorbing nonvolatile compounds which are extractable when the microwave susceptor is tested under simulated use conditions for a particular food product.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Design calculations for radio frequency (RF), microwave, and millimetre-wave components require the knowledge of values of complex permittivity and permeability at operating frequencies. This test method is useful for evaluating small experimental batch or continuous production materials used in electromagnetic applications. Use this method to determine complex permittivity only (in non-magnetic materials), or both complex permittivity and permeability simultaneously. 5.2 Relative complex permittivity (relative complex dielectric constant), εr*, is the proportionality factor that relates the electric field to the electric flux density, and which depends on intrinsic material properties such as molecular polarizability, charge mobility, and so forth: where: ε0   =   the permittivity of free space, D→   =   the electric flux density vector, and E→   =   the electric field vector. Note 1: In common usage the word “relative” is frequently dropped. The real part of complex relative permittivity (εr′) is often referred to as simply relative permittivity, permittivity, or dielectric constant. The imaginary part of complex relative permittivity (εr′′) is often referred to as the loss factor. In anisotropic media, permittivity is described by a three dimensional tensor. Note 2: For the purposes of this test method, the media is considered to be isotropic and, therefore, permittivity is a single complex number at each frequency. 5.3 Relative complex permeability, μr*, is the proportionality factor that relates the magnetic flux density to the magnetic field, and which depends on intrinsic material properties such as magnetic moment, domain magnetization, and so forth: where: μ0   =   the permeability of free space, B→   =   the magnetic flux density vector, and H→   =   the magnetic field vector. Note 3: In common usage the word “relative” is frequently dropped. The real part of complex relative permeability (μr′) is often referred to as relative permeability or simply permeability. The imaginary part of complex relative permeability (μr″) is often referred to as the magnetic loss factor. In anisotropic media, permeability is described by a three dimensional tensor. Note 4: For the purposes of this test method, the media is considered to be isotropic, and therefore permeability is a single complex number at each frequency. 5.4 Relative permittivity ((relative dielectric constant) (SIC) κ′(εr)) is the real part of the relative complex permittivity. It is also the ratio of the equivalent parallel capacitance, Cp, of a given configuration of electrodes with a material as a dielectric to the capacitance, Cυ, of the same configuration of electrodes with vacuum (or air for most practical purposes) as the dielectric: Note 5: In common usage the word “relative” is frequently dropped. Note 6: Experimentally, vacuum must be replaced by the material at all points where it makes a significant change in capacitance. The equivalent circuit of the dielectric is assumed to consist of Cp, a capacitance in parallel with conductance. (See Fig. 3 of Test Methods D150.) Note 7: Cx is taken to be Cp, the equivalent parallel capacitance as shown in Fig. 3 of Test Methods D150. Note 8: The series capacitance is larger than the parallel capacitance by less than 1 % for a dissipation factor of 0.1, and by less than 0.1 % for a dissipation factor of 0.03. If a measuring circuit yields results in terms of series components, the parallel capacitance must be calculated from Eq 5 of Test Methods D150 before the corrections and permittivity are calculated. Note 9: The permittivity of dry air at 23 °C and standard pressure at 101.3 kPa is 1.000536. Its divergence from unity, κ′ − 1, is inversely proportional to absolute temperature and directly proportional to atmospheric pressure. The increase in permittivity when the space is saturated with water vapor at 23 °C is 0.00025, and varies approximately linearly with temperature expressed in degrees Celsius, from 10 °C to 27 °C. For partial saturation the increase is proportional to the relative humidity. 1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining relative complex permittivity (relative dielectric constant and loss) and relative magnetic permeability of isotropic, reciprocal (non-gyromagnetic) solid materials. If the material is nonmagnetic, it is acceptable to use this procedure to measure permittivity only. 1.2 This measurement method is valid over a frequency range of approximately 100 MHz to over 40 GHz. These limits are not exact and depend on the size of the specimen, the size of rectangular waveguide transmission line used as a specimen holder, and on the applicable frequency range of the network analyzer used to make measurements. The size of specimen dimension is limited by test frequency, intrinsic specimen electromagnetism properties, and the request of algorithm. Being a non-resonant method, the selection of any number of discrete measurement frequencies in a measurement band would be suitable. Use of multiple rectangular waveguide transmission line sizes are required to cover this entire frequency range (100 MHz to 40 GHz). This test method can also be generally applied to circular waveguide test fixtures. The rectangular waveguide fixture is preferred over coaxial fixtures when samples have in-plane anisotropy or are difficult to manufacture precisely. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are in inch-pound units and are included for information only. The equations shown here assume an e+jωt harmonic time convention. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Design calculations for radio frequency (RF), microwave, and millimetre-wave components require the knowledge of values of complex permittivity and permeability at operating frequencies. This test method is useful for evaluating small experimental batch or continuous production materials used in electromagnetic applications. Use this method to determine complex permittivity only (in non-magnetic materials), or both complex permittivity and permeability simultaneously. 5.2 Relative complex permittivity (relative complex dielectric constant), , is the proportionality factor that relates the electric field to the electric flux density, and which depends on intrinsic material properties such as molecular polarizability, charge mobility, and so forth: where: ε0   =   permittivity of free space     =   electric flux density vector, and     =   electric field vector. Note 1: In common usage the word “relative” is frequently dropped. The real part of complex relative permittivity ( ) is often referred to as simply relative permittivity, permittivity, or dielectric constant. The imaginary part of complex relative permittivity ( ) is often referred to as the loss factor. In anisotropic media, permittivity is described by a three dimensional tensor. Note 2: For the purposes of this test method, the media is considered to be isotropic and, therefore, permittivity is a single complex number at each frequency. 5.3 Relative complex permeability, , is the proportionality factor that relates the magnetic flux density to the magnetic field, and which depends on intrinsic material properties such as magnetic moment, domain magnetization, and so forth: where: μ0   =   permeability of free space,     =   magnetic flux density vector, and     =   magnetic field vector. Note 3: In common usage the word “relative” is frequently dropped. The real part of complex relative permeability ( ) is often referred to as relative permeability or simply permeability. The imaginary part of complex relative permeability ( ) is often referred to as the magnetic loss factor. In anisotropic media, permeability is described by a three dimensional tensor. Note 4: For the purposes of this test method, the media is considered to be isotropic, and therefore permeability is a single complex number at each frequency. 5.4 Relative permittivity ((relative dielectric constant) (SIC) κ′(εr)) is the real part of the relative complex permittivity. It is also the ratio of the equivalent parallel capacitance, Cp, of a given configuration of electrodes with a material as a dielectric to the capacitance, Cυ, of the same configuration of electrodes with vacuum (or air for most practical purposes) as the dielectric: Note 5: In common usage the word “relative” is frequently dropped. Note 6: Experimentally, vacuum must be replaced by the material at all points where it makes a significant change in capacitance. The equivalent circuit of the dielectric is assumed to consist of Cp, a capacitance in parallel with conductance. (See Fig. 3 of Test Methods D150.) Note 7: Cx is taken to be Cp, the equivalent parallel capacitance as shown in Fig. 3 of Test Methods D150. Note 8: The series capacitance is larger than the parallel capacitance by less than 1 % for a dissipation factor of 0.1, and by less than 0.1 % for a dissipation factor of 0.03. If a measuring circuit yields results in terms of series components, the parallel capacitance must be calculated from Eq 5 of Test Methods D150 before the corrections and permittivity are calculated. Note 9: The permittivity of dry air at 23 °C and standard pressure at 101.3 kPa is 1.000536. Its divergence from unity, κ′ − 1, is inversely proportional to absolute temperature and directly proportional to atmospheric pressure. The increase in permittivity when the space is saturated with water vapor at 23 °C is 0.00025, and varies approximately linearly with temperature expressed in degrees Celsius, from 10 °C to 27 °C. For partial saturation the increase is proportional to the relative humidity. 1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining relative complex permittivity (relative dielectric constant and loss) and relative magnetic permeability of isotropic, reciprocal (non-gyromagnetic) solid materials. If the material is nonmagnetic, it is acceptable to use this procedure to measure permittivity only. 1.2 This measurement method is valid over a frequency range of approximately 1 GHz to over 20 GHz. These limits are not exact and depend on the size of the specimen, the size of coaxial air line used as a specimen holder, and on the applicable frequency range of the network analyzer used to make measurements. The size of specimen dimension is limited by test frequency, intrinsic specimen electromagnetism properties, and the request of algorithm. For a given air line size, the upper frequency is also limited by the onset of higher order modes that invalidate the dominant-mode transmission line model and the lower frequency is limited by the smallest measurable phase shift through a specimen. Being a non-resonant method, the selection of any number of discrete measurement frequencies in a measurement band would be suitable. The coaxial fixture is preferred over rectangular waveguide fixtures when broadband data are desired with a single sample or when only small sample volumes are available, particularly for lower frequency measurements. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units of in inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems is likely to result in non conformance with the standard. The equations shown here assume an e+jωt harmonic time convention. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Permittivity and dissipation factor are fundamental design parameters for design of microwave circuitry. Permittivity plays a principal role in determining the wavelength and the impedance of transmission lines. Dissipation factor (along with copper losses) influence attenuation and power losses.5.2 This test method is suitable for polymeric materials having permittivity in the order of two to eleven. Such materials are popular in applications of stripline and microstrip configurations used in the 1 GHz to 18 GHz range.5.3 This test method is suitable for design, development, acceptance specifications, and manufacturing quality control.NOTE 2: See Appendix X1 for additional information regarding significance of this test method and the application of the results.1.1 This test method permits the rapid measurement of apparent relative permittivity and loss tangent (dissipation factor) of metal-clad polymer-based circuit substrates in the X-band (8 GHz to 12.4 GHz).1.2 This test method is suitable for testing PTFE (polytetrafluorethylene) impregnated glass cloth or random-oriented fiber mats, glass fiber-reinforced polystyrene, polyphenyleneoxide, irradiated polyethylene, and similar materials having a nominal specimen thickness of 1/16 in. (1.6 mm). The materials listed in the preceding sentence have been used in commercial applications at nominal frequency of 9.6 GHz.NOTE 1: See Appendix X1 for additional information about range of permittivity, thickness other than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm), and tests at frequencies other than 9.6 GHz.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is intended to identify volatile extractables that may be emitted from microwave susceptor material during use. It may be a useful procedure to assist in minimizing the amount and type of volatile extractables produced. The susceptor design, materials used or manufacturing processes involved can be evaluated.1.1 This test method is applicable to complete microwave susceptors.1.2 This test method covers a procedure for identifying volatile extractables which are released when a microwave susceptor sample is tested under simulated end use conditions. The extractables are identified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).1.3 This test method was evaluated for the identification of a variety of volatile extractables at a level of 0.010 μg/in.2 of susceptor surface. For extractables not evaluated, the analyst should perform studies to determine the level of extractable at which identification is achievable.1.4 The analyst is encouraged to run known volatile extractables and/or incorporate techniques such as gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS), gas chromatography/infrared spectroscopy (GC/IR) or other techniques to aid in verifying the identity of or identifying unknown volatile extractables. The analyst is referred to Practice E260 for additional guidance.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method covers the determination of V, Ni, Ca, Na, Al, Si, Zn, P, and S for residual fuels and Fe, V, Ni,Ca, Na, K, and S for crude oils. This test method complements and extends the capabilities of Test Methods D1548 and D5708, which only apply to the determination of Ni, V, and Fe in crude oils and residual fuels.5.2 The metals and other elements tested for in this method may occur naturally or may be added as a result of production (that is, catalyst fines).1.1 This test method covers the determination of metals and other elements in residual fuel and crude oil by microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES). The specific elements within the scope of this method are V, Ni, Ca, Na, Al, Si, Zn, P, and S for residual fuel oil and Fe, V, Ni, Ca, Na, K, and S for crude oils.1.2 Method working range:high expected concentration limit = highest ILS sample meanlow expected concentration limit = lowest ILS sample mean if:(1) lowest ILS sample mean − Rlowest ILS sample mean > 0; otherwise it is determined by solving for X using the following equation:(2) X − RX= coarsest resolution, determined by0.5*σr lowest ILS sample meanCrude Oil:Element Method Working Range(expected mg/kg)Iron 0.70 to 161.02Vanadium 2.88 to 417.50Nickel 0.36 to 107.66Calcium 5.41 to 96.78Sodium 1.18 to 97.13Potassium 7.01 to 63.83Sulfur 1059 to 35194Residual Fuel Oil:Element Method Working Range(expected mg/kg)Vanadium 3.88 to 370.09Nickel 1.47 to 96.68Calcium 4.41 to 102.01Sodium 2.80 to 112.67Aluminum 4.13 to 154.12Silicon 5.99 to 237.56Zinc 2.75 to 102.46Sulfur 1314 to 301341.3 This test method uses soluble metals in organic solvents for calibration and does not purport to quantitatively determine insoluble particulates. Analytical results are particle size dependent, and particles larger than a few micrometers may cause results to appear low1.4 Elements present at mass fractions above the upper limit of the calibration curves can be determined with additional appropriate dilutions. Elements shall be measured at the wavelengths presented in Table 1.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers dedicated short range communication (DSRC) physical layer using microwave in the 902 to 928 MHz band, it defines the open systems interconnection (OSI) layer 1, physical layer, for dedicated short-range communications equipment, operating in two-way, half-duplex, active and backscatter modes. The relevant downlink physical layer or OSI layer 1 parameters and the relevant uplink DSCR layer 1 parameters are presented in details. The interface parameters to DSCR data link layer are also presented.1.1 Purposes1.1.1 This specification defines the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) layer 1, physical layer, for dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) equipment, operating in two-way, half-duplex, active and backscatter modes.1.1.2 This specification establishes a common framework for the physical layer in the 902 to 928 MHz LMS band. This band is allocated for DSRC applications by the FCC in Title 47, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 90, Subpart M and by Industry Canada in the Spectrum Management, Radio Standard Specification, Location and Monitoring Service (902-928 MHz), RSS-137.1.1.3 This specification defines an air interface for both wide-area (multi-lane, open road) and lane-based applications that enables accurate and valid message delivery between moving vehicles randomly entering a communications zone and fixed roadside communication equipment. This air interface also enables accurate and valid message delivery between moving or stationary vehicles and fixed or portable roadside communication equipment.1.1.4 This specification does not include associated measurement guidelines for verification of the formulated requirements in this specification. It is intended that readers will be able to refer to the ASTM standard on Technical Characteristics and Test Methods for Data Transmission Equipment Operating in the 902 to 928 MHz LMS Band for the measurement guidelines, when it is developed.1.1.5 This specification does not consider any one specific ITS application, but rather describes a communication means to be used by several ITS applications. This specification also may be used for any non-roadway environment that can utilize this type of dedicated short-range radio communication.1.1.6 While this specification defines frequencies and power levels that are compatible with the North American regulatory requirements, the technical methodology used in their selection can be utilized in other regions of the world.1.2 Equipment1.2.1 The DSRC equipment is composed of two principle components: road-side equipment (RSE) and on-board equipment (OBE) or transponder.1.2.2 The RSE controls the protocol, schedules the activation of the OBE, reads from or writes to the OBE, and assures message delivery and validity. It is intended for, but not restricted to, installation at a fixed location on the roadway.1.2.3 The OBE communicates with the RSE and is intended for, but not restricted to, installation in or on a motor vehicle.1.2.4 The RSE must be capable of communicating with closely spaced OBE in the same lane or closely spaced OBE in adjacent lanes.1.2.5 This specification provides requirements for the communication medium to be used for exchange of information between RSE and OBE. Active, backscatter, and dual-mode technologies are described.1.3 Structure1.3.1 This specification defines an open (non-proprietary) architecture using the simplified OSI seven-layer reference model (per ISO 7498). The following sub-section describe the relationships of the OSI layers that support DSRC.1.3.1.1 The physical layer (Layer 1) is defined as a half-duplex radio frequency medium, in the 902 to 928 MHz band. Layer 1 interfaces with Layer 2.1.3.1.2 The data link control layer (Layer 2) defines a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) messaging protocol in which both the downlink and uplink are completely controlled by the RSE. The data link control layer provides a mechanism to ensure reliable completion of each transaction in the communications zone. This layer includes data organization, sequence control, flow control, error detection and error recovery among other functions. Layer 2 interfaces with Layer 7.1.3.1.3 The application layer (Layer 7) defines specific functions and message formats to support ITS and other services. Implicit or pre-set message formats may be used. Data encryption, data certification, and manual OBE and RSE authentication may be performed.1.3.1.4 The functions of the network layer (Layer 3), transport layer (Layer 4), session layer (Layer 5), and presentation layer (Layer 6) are included where necessary in Layer 2 or Layer 7.1.3.2 The physical layer communications requirements for the signals sent from the RSE in the OBE are accounted for as downlink parameters. The requirements associated with the signals sent from the OBE to the RSE are accounted for as uplink parameters.1.3.3 Physical layer requirements related to the interface to other DSRC communications layers are accounted for in .1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

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1 Scope This Particular Standard specifies requirements for the safety of MICROWAVE THERAPY EQUIPMENT as defined in Sub-clause 2.1.101, hereinafter referred to as EQUIPMENT designed to be installed and used in accordance with the Rules of the Canadian

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5.1 This test method covers the determination of five elements (Ca, Mg, K, Na, and P) in biodiesel and biodiesel blends.5.2 The presence of metals and metalloids in engine fuels can influence the performance of engines and contribute to shortening the lifetime of the equipment. In addition, some elements act as catalyst poison contributing to increases in the amount of unwanted gases and particulate matter emitted by vehicles.1.1 This test method covers the determination of elements in biodiesel and biodiesel blends by microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry (MP-AES). The specific elements within the scope of this method are calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sodium (Na).1.2 This test method conforms to Practice D6300, subection 8.4.5, valid test result range, and subsection 8.4.6, working range specifications. The valid test result range and working range are recent additions to Practice D6300, and a graphical representation using example values is shown in Appendix X2, Test Method Operating Range.1.3 Method working range:high expected concentration limit = highest ILS sample meanlow expected concentration limit = lowest ILS sample mean if:     lowest ILS sample mean − Rlowest ILS sample mean > 0; otherwise it is     determined by solving for X using the following equation:     X − RX = coarsest resolution, determined by 0.5*σr lowest ILS sample meanBiodiesel and Biodiesel BlendsElement Method Working Range(expected mg/kg)Calcium 0.24 to 15.01Magnesium 0.12 to 11.55Phosphorus 1.69 to 14.24Potassium 0.49 to 13.98Sodium 0.90 to 14.301.4 This test method uses organic elemental standards in organic solvents for calibration and does not purport to quantitatively determine insoluble particulates. Analytical results are particle size dependent, and particles larger than a few micrometers can cause results to appear low.1.5 Elements present at mass fractions above the upper limit of the calibration curves can be determined with additional appropriate dilutions. Elements shall be measured at the wavelengths presented in Table 1. Alternate wavelengths noted in Appendix X1 may be used in the rare case of spectral interference.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The analysis of many types of water for metals using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, inductively coupled plasma emission spectrophotometry, direct current plasma emission spectrophotometry, or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry necessitates the use of a digestion practice in order to ensure the proper statistical recovery of the metals from the sample matrix. The use of closed vessel microwave techniques will speed the complete recovery of metals from the water matrices and eliminate sample contamination from external sources.1.1 This practice covers the general considerations for quantitative sample digestion for total metals in water using closed vessel microwave heating technique. This practice is applicable to surface, saline, domestic, and industrial wastewater.1.2 Because of the differences among various makes and models of satisfactory instruments, no detailed operating instructions can be provided. Instead, the analyst should follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular instrument.1.3 This practice can be used with the following ASTM standards, providing the user determines precision and bias based on this digestion practice: Test Method D857, Test Methods D858, Test Methods D1068, Test Methods D1687, Test Methods D1688, Test Methods D1691, Test Methods D1886, Test Method D1976, Practices D3370, Test Methods D3557, Test Methods D3559, Practice D3919, Test Method D4190, Practice D4453, Practice D4691, and Test Method D5673.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 9.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Paint in buildings and related structures needs to be monitored for lead content in order to determine the potential lead hazard. Hence, effective and efficient methods are required for the preparation of paint samples that may contain lead.5.2 This practice may be used for the digestion of paint samples that are collected during various lead-hazard control and risk assessment activities associated with lead abatement in and around buildings and related structures. This practice is also suitable for the digestion of paint samples collected from locations such as commercial buildings.5.3 This practice may be used to prepare samples that have been obtained in order to ensure compliance with laws that govern lead content in paints.5.4 This practice may be used to prepare samples that have been collected for risk assessment purposes.5.5 This practice is intended for use with paint samples that are prepared for subsequent analysis by quantitative analytical methods.1.1 This practice covers the sample preparation procedures for paint samples that are collected during the assessment, management or control of lead hazards.1.2 This practice describes the digestion procedures using a hot plate or microwave oven or apparatus for paint samples that are to be analyzed for lead content.1.3 This practice covers the general considerations for quantitative sample extraction for total recoverable lead in dried paint samples (either bulk paint or paint powder) using hot plate or microwave heating techniques, or both.1.4 This practice contains notes that are explanatory and not part of the mandatory requirements of the standard.1.5 This practice is based on NIOSH Methods 7082 and 7105, and on an EPA standard operating procedure for lead in paint.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.1.2, 6.1.2.1, 6.1.2.2, 6.3.2.4, 8.2.1, and 8.2.2.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车