定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元 加购物车

定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元

定价： 819元 / 折扣价： 697 元 加购物车

定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元 加购物车

4.1 It is necessary and useful to test with children because they represent the real end-users for many products. Some products are developed specifically for children, and some are dual-purpose products that are intended for adults and children. Examples include: baby foods, diapers, ready-to-eat cereal, juices, food or lunch kits, candy, toys, vitamins and other pharmaceuticals, music and videos, interactive learning tools, and packaging.4.2 Children have influence over adults' purchase decisions and are responsible for many or some of their own purchase decisions.4.3 Creating a product for children requires input from children because their wants and needs differ from those of adults. For example, they may differ from adults in preferences or sensory acuity, or both, for sweetness, saltiness, carbonation, and texture. It is impossible to predict the nature of these differences without actual input from the intended target audience.1.1 This guide provides a framework for understanding the issues relating to conducting sensory and market research studies with children. It recommends and provides examples for developing ethical, safe, and valid testing methods. It focuses specifically on the concerns relevant to testing with children from birth through preadolescence. The guide assumes that minors older than 15 years of age are generally capable of performing sensory tests like adults, and therefore, all standard procedures used with adult subjects apply. The one exception, however, is legal consent where parental/legal guardian permission should be obtained for anyone under 18 years of age.1.2 This guide will take into account the wide range of children's physical, emotional, and cognitive levels of development. It will prove useful for developing tasks that are understandable to children. It recommends alternative modes for children to communicate their opinions or perceptions back to the researcher, such as appropriate scales and measures.1.3 The ethical standard presented in this document should be viewed as a minimum requirement for testing with minors. The safety and protection of children as respondents, as well as an attitude of respect for the value of their input should be of primary concern to the researcher.1.4 The considerations raised in this document may also be useful when testing with the elderly or with adults who have developmental handicaps.1.5 This document is not intended to be a complete description of reliable sensory testing techniques and methodologies. It focuses instead on special considerations for the specific application of sensory techniques when testing with children. It assumes knowledge of basic sensory and statistical analysis techniques.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recording walkway surface investigation, evaluation, and incident report data pertaining to slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It is intended to aid individuals or entities in the development of their own special reporting system. It is recognized that a user may use this guide in its entirety or may extract only those segments providing the level of information recommended. Depending on the intended use, a report form may be designed to be used alone or as a supplement to or incorporated within another report form. This guide is not a final report form. It lists items that may be considered for inclusion into a questionnaire, document, or report.4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the prevention and investigation of slip, trip, stumble, and fall phenomena, such as insurance company loss control specialists, industrial and commercial safety professionals, plant and facilities management personnel, forensic engineers, and research personnel concerned with factor correlation, statistics acquisition, loss control, and cost control.4.3 This guide provides uniform language appropriate for creating a form for manually recording information regarding pedestrian walkway evaluations and slip, trip, and fall incidents.4.4 Recommendations for Reporting—Information specific to site location and case identification is given in 6.2; information specific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; information specific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4.1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be useful in recording and evaluating the conditions of a walkway surface, including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip, stumble, or trip that may result in a fall.1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be useful in investigating, evaluating, and reporting a slip, stumble, trip, slip and fall, stumble and fall, or trip and fall incident.1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform language for reports.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method is designed to present in a standardized format information on the variability of strength of cement from a single source over a period of time. It can be applied to all hydraulic cements covered in Specifications C150, C595, and C1157. The results derived from this test method are intended for information only and are not requirements of any existing ASTM specification. A specification may refer to this test method to obtain information on the variability of cement from a single source.4.2 The procedure is based on obtaining samples from locations during the delivery of cement to the user and is more representative of the variability of cement used in concrete production than test data reported on mill test reports. Variation determined from the test results is corrected for testing error, therefore giving the user one indicator of the source variation of the cement.NOTE 1: It should be recognized that concrete strength variability is influenced by other factors in addition to cement strength variability.4.3 This test method does not provide information on the relationship between the variability of cement and the variability of concrete properties. The user can, along with supplementary information or correlative testing of concrete properties, develop quantitative estimates of the effects.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the variability of a hydraulic cement produced at a single source using strength tests as the characteristic property. It is intended that this test method normally be used for the predominant cement manufactured at a cement plant. Guidelines for sampling, testing, presentation of results, and evaluation are given.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. One system of units is used in the Figure and Tables in this standard to illustrate the calculation methods that are applicable independent of the system of units.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method measures a lubricant's ability to protect hypoid final drive axles from abrasive wear, adhesive wear, plastic deformation, and surface fatigue when subjected to low-speed, high-torque conditions. Lack of protection can lead to premature gear or bearing failure, or both.5.2 This test method is used, or referred to, in specifications and classifications of rear-axle gear lubricants such as:5.2.1 Specification D7450.5.2.2 American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560.5.2.3 SAE J308.5.2.4 SAE J2360.1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the L-37-1 test, describes a test procedure for evaluating the load-carrying capacity, wear performance, and extreme pressure properties of a gear lubricant in a hypoid axle under conditions of low-speed, high-torque operation.31.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 Exceptions—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as National Pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, or where there is a sole source supply equipment specification.1.2.1.1 The drawing in Annex A6 is in inch-pound units.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 7.2 and 10.1.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 These procedures should be used to test topical antimicrobial-containing preparations that are intended to be fast-acting in reducing significantly the number of microorganisms on intact skin immediately and, for preoperative and vascular precatheterization preparations, maintenance of some degree of reduction for an extended time.1.1 The practice is designed to measure the reduction of the microflora of the skin.1.2 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is required for these procedures.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3.1 Exception—In this practice, metric units are used for all applications except for linear measure, in which case inches are used, and metric units follow in parentheses.1.4 Performance of this procedure requires a knowledge of regulations pertaining to the protection of human subjects (1).2NOTE 1: Importantly, it must be noted that the FDA currently does not accept data resulting from procedures in this Method for testing products for approval as Vascular Precatheterization Skin Preparations.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This practice is designed to present in a standardized format information on the variability of limestone or lime from a single source over a period of time. It can be applied to all materials covered in Test Methods C25, C110, C1271, and C1301, and Specification C141.1.1 This practice is intended for use in instances where the purchaser desires information on the uniformity of limestone or lime produced at a single source. It is intended that this test method normally be used for the predominant material manufactured at a plant. Guidelines for sampling, testing and presentation of results (Table 1) are given.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 The procedure is used to test the antimicrobial effectiveness of handwashing formulations. The test formulations generally are designed for frequent use to reduce the transient bacterial flora on hands. Alcohol-based hand rubs and other leave-on formulations used without the aid of water should be tested using Test Method E2755.1.1 This test method is designed to determine the effectiveness of antimicrobial handwashing agents for the reduction of transient microbial skin flora when used in a handwashing procedure.21.2 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is required for these procedures.1.3 This test method may be used to evaluate topical antimicrobial handwash formulations.1.4 Performance of this procedure requires the knowledge of regulations pertaining to the protection of human subjects.31.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard; except for distance, in which case inches are used and metric units follow in parentheses.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For more specific precautionary statements see 8.2.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Laboratory measurement of application properties of architectural coatings generally employ a blade-type applicators that lay down films of highly uniform thickness. Applicators, such as brushes and rollers, typically apply films that lack uniformity due to variations in rheology, film build, flow and leveling properties resulting in the practical hiding of most paints being less than that measured on films applied with a blade-type applicator. This guide provides an indication of the actual application properties of the paint, as applied by a contractor or consumer.1.1 This guide describes procedures for the application of brush or roller, or both, applied paint films to sealed wallboard for evaluating application properties.1.2 Because both the application and panel evaluation are subjective, this guide should be used only for comparative testing within one laboratory using one operator for each set of applications, as the ratings assigned by different laboratories may not agree.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This standard practice is a procedure to evaluate the ductility of side bend test specimens that are a transverse section of the pipe wall and butt fusion. Side bend test specimens are prepared from bend test coupons from sample polyethylene pipe butt fusion joints that are made using polyethylene pipe having a wall thickness of approximately 1 in. (25 mm) and greater. A three-point bend is applied to the side bend test specimen by pressing the side bend test specimen into a gap between two rotatable supports with a loading nose. The bending load is applied such that the bending strain is transverse to the plane of the fusion joint.5.2 Equipment for cutting bend test coupons, preparing side bend test specimens and conducting this practice is available for laboratory and for field use.5.3 Benchmark criteria for evaluating field testing results are developed by testing a statistically valid number of sample butt fusions in a controlled environment, preferably using equipment for field use. Guided side bend test results from field tests are then evaluated by comparison to benchmark test results from the controlled environment.1.1 This practice provides information on apparatus, specimen preparation and procedure for conducting a guided three point side bend evaluation of a transverse specimen cut from a coupon removed from a butt fusion joint in polyethylene pipe having a wall thickness of approximately 1 in. (25 mm) and thicker. See Fig. 1. This practice provides a means to assess ductility of a butt fusion joint by applying a lateral (side) bending strain across a specimen taken from the full butt fusion cross-section, from outside diameter to inside diameter.NOTE 1: For wall thicknesses less than 1 in. the user is referred to Practice F2620, Appendix X4.1 for bend back testing.FIG. 1 Guided Side Bend Conceptual Schematic1.2 No test values are provided by this practice. The result is a non-numerical report. Criteria for test result evaluation are provided in standards or codes that specify the use of this practice by comparison to benchmark laboratory results as described in 5.3 or by comparison to example results presented in Appendix X1 to this practice.1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 2: Laboratory methods that are commonly used for testing polyethylene butt fusion joints include Test Method D638, Test Method D790 and Test Method F2634.NOTE 3: This practice has been developed for use on butt fusion joints in polyethylene pipe with a wall thickness of 1.00 in. or greater. The practice may be used on butt fusion joints in polyethylene pipe with thinner wall thicknesses. However, the applicability of the practice should be determined by the user of the practice.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 Online analyzers are used to provide quality data on lots of coal. The resulting quality data are used as a production tool or for some contractual application. This guide provides the means of evaluating the analyzer system and the data produced.5.2 Become familiar with the document's terminology and layout. The section on test design and data collection will provide the means by which all the analysis data will be gathered. The test should be carefully designed to ensure the user’s requirements are met.5.3 The procedures defined in this guide can be used to estimate the accuracy and precision of an online analyzer: (1) to conduct acceptance testing following installation and (2) to monitor the accuracy and precision (a) during routine use (quality control), (b) when significant changes are made to the analyzer, and (c) when a significant change in the coal being analyzed occurs (for example, a different seam at a mine, or a new coal source at a power plant). These procedures can also be used for calibration purposes.1.1 This guide provides techniques to be used for the evaluation of the measurement performance of online coal analyzers.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车