5.1 The purpose of this practice is to outline a procedure for the detection and location of discontinuities such as pits, voids, inclusions, cracks, or abrupt dimensional variations in ferromagnetic tubing using the electromagnetic (eddy current) method. Furthermore, the relative severity of a discontinuity may be indicated, and a rejection level may be set with respect to the magnitude of the indication.5.2 The response from natural discontinuities can be significantly different than that from artificial discontinuities such as drilled holes or notches. For this reason, sufficient work should be done to establish the sensitivity level and set-up required to detect natural discontinuities of consequence to the end use of the product.5.3 Eddy current testing systems are generally not sensitive to discontinuities adjacent to the ends of the tube. The extent of the end effect region can be determined in accordance with 8.6.5.4 Since the density of eddy currents decreases nearly exponentially as the distance from the external surface increases, the response to deep-seated discontinuities decreases and some deep-seated discontinuities may give no detectable repsonse.5.5 Discontinuity orientation also affects the system response and should be taken into consideration when establishing the examination sensitivity.5.6 In preparing a reference standard for welded tubing, artificial discontinuities should be placed in both the weld metal and the parent metal when the responses are expected to be different and if both are to be examined. The apparatus is then adjusted to obtain an optimum signal-to-noise ratio.5.6.1 When examining only the weld area, the discontinuities shall be placed only in the weld area.5.7 The examination frequency and the type of apparatus being used should be considered when choosing the examining speed. Certain types of equipment are effective only over a given speed range; therefore, the examining speed should fall within this range.5.8 Discontinuities such as scratches or seams that are continuous and uniform over the full length of the tube may not always be detected with differential encircling coils or probes scanned along the tube length.1.1 This practice2 covers a procedure for applying the eddy current method to detect discontinuities in ferromagnetic pipe and tubing (Note 1) where the article being examined is rendered substantially non-magnetic by the application of a concentrated, strong magnetic field in the region adjacent to the examining coil.NOTE 1: For convenience, the term tube or tubular product will hereafter be used to refer to both pipe and tubing.1.2 The procedure is specifically applicable to eddy current testing methods using an encircling-coil assembly. However, eddy current techniques that employ either fixed or rotating probe-coil assemblies may be used to either enhance discontinuity sensitivity on the large diameter tubular products or to maximize the response received from a particular type of discontinuity.1.3 This practice is intended for use on tubular products having outside diameters from approximately 1/4 to 10 in. (6.35 to 254.0 mm). These techniques have been used for smaller and larger sizes however, and may be specified upon contractual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.1.4 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria; they must be specified by the using party or parties.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 702元 / 折扣价： 597 元 加购物车

3.1 Lamination factor S indicates the deficiency of effective material volume which is due to the presence of oxides, roughness, insulating coatings, and other conditions affecting the strip surface.3.2 This test method is used to predict the fraction of metal that is included in the volume of the firm coil wound from the specimen tape.1.1 This test method covers measurements of lamination factor (Note 1) of a specimen composed of strips cut from amorphous magnetic material. It is suitable for the determination of lamination factor for thin, flat case, metallic strip ranging in width from 0.25 to 8.00 in. [6.35 mm to 203 mm] and in thickness from 0.0005 to 0.005 in. [12.7 to 127 μm].NOTE 1: Lamination factor is also termed space factor or stacking factor.1.2 The values and equations stated in customary (egs-emu and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method describes a test procedure for evaluating the ∆T associated with RF power deposition during an MR procedure, involving a specific frequency of RF irradiation of a passive implant. The method allows characterization of the heating propensity of an implant rather than the prediction of heating during a specific MR procedure in a patient. The results may be used as an input to a computational model for estimating ∆T due to the presence of that implant in a patient. The combination of the test results and the computational model results may then be used to help assess the safety of a patient with the implant during an MR examination.1.1 This test method covers measurement of radio frequency (RF)-induced heating on or near a passive medical implant within a phantom during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The test method does not specify levels of heating considered to be safe to the patient and relies on users to define their own acceptance criteria.1.2 This test method does not address other possible safety issues which include, but are not limited to: issues of magnetically-induced displacement, magnetically-induced torque, image artifact, acoustic noise, tissue heating, interaction among devices, and the functionality of the device and the MR system.1.3 The amount of RF-induced temperature rise (∆T) for a given incident electric field will depend on the RF frequency, which is dependent on the static magnetic field strength of the MR system. While the focus in this test method is on 1.5 tesla (T) or 3 T MR systems, the ∆T for an implant in MR systems of other static magnetic field strengths or magnet designs can be evaluated by suitable modification of the method described herein.1.4 This test method assumes that testing is done on devices that will be entirely inside the body. Testing for devices with other implantation conditions (e.g., external fixation devices, percutaneous needles, catheters or tethered devices such as ablation probes) is beyond the scope of this standard; for such devices, modifications of this test method may be necessary.NOTE 1: RF-heating induced by any electrically conductive implanted device may be impacted by the presence of other metallic or otherwise electrically conductive devices present nearby.1.5 This test method is written for several possible RF exposure systems, including Volume RF transmit coils. The exposure system needs to be properly characterized, within the stated uncertainties, in term of local background RF exposure for the implants which are tested.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.7 A device with deployed dimensions of less than 2 cm in all directions may not need to be tested with respect to RF-induced heating, as it is expected to generate ∆T of less than 2°C over 1 h of exposure at 1.5 T/64-MHz or 3 T/128-MHz frequencies (1, 2)2 and ANSI/AAMI/ISO 14708-3:2017). This condition is not valid when multiple replicas of the device (e.g., multiple anchors) are implanted within 3 cm of the device.NOTE 2: The above values were derived from existing data and literature. The 3 cm distance is recommended to avoid any RF coupling with other neighboring devices.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers measurements of lamination factor (Note 1) of a specimen composed of strips cut from amorphous magnetic material. It is suitable for the determination of lamination factor for thin, flat case, metallic strip ranging in width from 0.25 to 8.00 in. [6.35 mm to 203 mm] and in thickness from 0.0005 to 0.005 in. [12.7 to 127 [mu]m]. Note-Lamination factor is also termed space factor or stacking factor. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in brackets are provided for information only.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers the requirements to which flat-cast, amorphous, semi-processed, iron-base magnetic core alloys must conform. These alloys shall be produced by a rapid-quenching, direct-casting process, resulting in metals with noncrystalline structure. The alloys shall be made to meet specified maximum core-loss values and shall be intended primarily for commercial power frequency applications. Desirable core-loss and permeability characteristics shall be developed by further heat treatment in a magnetic field. Amorphous magnetic core alloys are normally composed of iron with small amounts of alloying elements such as boron and silicon. There are no specific chemical requirements in this specification. Material produced to this specification shall conform to the required physical and mechanical properties such as density, ductility, thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, volume resistivity, lamination factor, surface, edge, and pinholes. The alloy shall also conform to the magnetic property requirements such as DC induction, DC coercive field strength, DC residual induction, core loss, and specific exciting power.1.1 This specification covers the general requirements to which flat-cast, amorphous, semi-processed, iron-base magnetic core alloys must conform.1.2 These alloys are produced by a rapid-quenching, direct-casting process, resulting in metals with noncrystalline (amorphous) structure. The metallic alloys are made to meet specified maximum core-loss values and are intended primarily for commercial power frequency (50- and 60-Hz) applications in magnetic devices. Desirable core-loss and permeability characteristics are developed by further heat treatment in a magnetic field by the user. The heat treatment typically consists of heating the material to a temperature of 320 to 420°C in a dry, inert atmosphere for 5 to 10 min, although soak times of up to 2 h may be used for large transformer cores. A magnetic field may be required during annealing as designated by the producer. Exact optimum annealing conditions depend on the processing of the material and the size and shape of the device.1.3 Some of these alloys are sensitive to mechanical stress. Care must be exercised in minimizing any stresses on the material in its final application, otherwise, its magnetic properties will be significantly impaired.1.4 This specification is developed to aid in the purchase of transformer grade amorphous strip. It provides the chemical, physical, and magnetic parameters and procedures for quality control tests.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are numerical conversions to customary (cgs and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Interactions of items with the MR environment have resulted in serious injuries and death of patients and other individuals. This practice lists hazards that may be present in the MR environment. It specifies marking of items anticipated to enter the MR environment and recommends information that should be included in the associated labeling.4.2 This practice provides a uniform system of visual icons and terms for marking items for use in the MR environment.1.1 This practice applies to medical devices and other items that are anticipated to enter the magnetic resonance (MR) environment.NOTE 1: “Medical devices and other items” will be referred to as “items” for the remainder of this practice.1.2 The practice specifies the marking of items anticipated to enter the MR environment by means of terms and icons, and recommends information that should be included in the labeling.1.3 MR image artifacts are not in the scope of the mandatory portions of this practice because they do not present a direct safety issue resulting from specific characteristics of the MR examination (see X1.12).1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车