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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the breaking load and calculated modulus of rupture of preformed thermal insulation for pipes.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.

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5.1 Preformed tape sealants are tacky, deformable solids that are used under compression between two substrates in a variety of sealing applications. Compared to other types of sealants, that is, gunnable sealants and caulks, sealing tapes are designed to be essentially 100 % solids materials. In use, these tapes are intended to give long service with minimal weight loss or volatility. This procedure will give a measure of the weight loss of a preformed tape sealant after a controlled period of exposure at an elevated temperature.1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the weight loss after heat aging of preformed tape sealants.NOTE 1: Test Method C681 describes a weight loss or volatility test for knife-grade glazing compounds.1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 The subcommittee with jurisdiction is not aware of any similar ISO standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Preformed tape sealants are tacky, deformable solids that are used under compression between two substrates in a variety of sealing applications. In general, oil migration or plasticizer bleed-out is not desirable. However, in some limited instances, a controlled amount of plasticizer migration is sometimes desired in order to improve the penetration of the tape into the interstices of porous substrates. This test method is designed to indicate whether or not a preformed tape sealant exhibits oil or plasticizer migration and, if so, to what extent.1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure that can be used to determine the oil migration or plasticizer bleed-out of preformed tape sealants.1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 The subcommittee with jurisdiction is not aware of any similar ISO standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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6.1 This specification describes only preformed tape sealants for glazing applications. Their use is specific under glazing systems to serve as a water and air barrier. The test methods chosen are to determine their efficiency in this use. This specification does not describe all required properties of the preformed tape sealants. It should be recognized by the purchaser and design professional that not all preformed tape sealants meeting this specification are suitable for all applications. In some instances, additional requirements will be agreed to by the supplier and user.AbstractThis specification describes preformed tape sealants for use in glazing applications. These materials are generally used to serve as components of glazing systems. They are intended to serve as a water and air barrier. The preformed tape sealant shall be composed of appropriate raw materials conformed to the requirements specified. The preformed tape sealant shall be of uniform dimensions and consistency. When properly applied, this material shall form a seal to prevent air and water from entering the system. Different test methods shall be performed in order to determine the following properties: low temperature flexibility, weight loss, vehicle migration, backing removal, yield strength, compression or recovery, water absorption, and flow.1.1 This specification describes preformed tape sealants for use in glazing applications. These materials are generally used to serve as components of glazing systems. They are intended to serve as a water and air barrier.1.2 This specification is not intended for preformed foam tape sealants.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.1.4 The subcommittee with jurisdiction is not aware of any similar ISO standard.1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method section of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 This test method is designed to compare all types of preformed gaskets under controlled conditions with respect to blow-out resistance. This test method may be used as a routine test when agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance against blow-out of preformed gaskets. The test is conducted under ambient conditions and should be used for comparison purposes only to select suitable designs and constructions for specific applications.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F452-76(2022) Standard Specification for Preformed Cranioplasty Plates Active 发布日期 :  1970-01-01 实施日期 : 

This specification covers compositional, physical performance, and packaging requirements of preformed cranioplasty plates for covering skull defects. This specification does not cover toxicity nor biocompatibility of the material. Cranioplasty shall be fabricated in a variety of dimensions to accommodate various sized skull defects and shall contain multiple perforations. Cranioplasty plates shall conform to materials, manufacturing, packaging, and labeling requirements of this specification.1.1 This specification covers preformed cranioplasty plates which do not require further alteration for covering skull defects. This specification covers compositional and physical performance and packaging requirements, but does not cover toxicity nor biocompatibility of the materials.1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers white or yellow preformed retroreflective pavement marking tapes that are designed to provide a service life of typically 3 to 6 months, on roads with up to 15 000 average daily traffic count (ADT). The tapes are intended for use as longitudinal, transverse, or word/symbol pavement markings that provide delineation day and night. The tapes may be either Type I (removable) or Type II (nonremovable). The marking tape shall be a reflective film coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive with or without a protective liner. It shall be flexible and shall conform to the the typical road pavement surface. In addition, it shall adhere to asphalt or portland cement concrete roadway surfaces when applied. Also, the marking tape shall be retroreflective, reflecting white or yellow, respectively, and shall be readily visible when viewed with automobile headlights at night and shall have minimum reflective values as specified.1.1 This specification covers white or yellow preformed retroreflective pavement marking tapes that are designed to provide a service life of typically three to six months, depending on wear and durability factors.1.2 The tapes are intended for use as longitudinal, transverse, or word/symbol pavement markings that provide delineation day and night. The tapes may be either removable or nonremovable.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except where noted in the document. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is used to develop data for comparison or compliance with the requirements of Specification C869/C869M.1.1 This test method furnishes a way of measuring, in the laboratory, the performance of a foaming chemical to be used in producing foam (air cells) for making cellular concrete.1.2 This test method includes the following:1.2.1 Manufacture of laboratory quantities of cellular concrete.1.2.2 Determination of the air content of the freshly prepared cellular concrete and of the hardened concrete after handling in conventional machinery.1.2.3 Determination of the following properties of the hardened concrete: compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, density, and water absorption. It may not be necessary to study all of the above properties in all cases, depending on the proposed use of the material.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 If the required results obtained from another standard are not reported in the same system of units as used by this standard, it is permitted to convert those results using the conversion factors found in the SI Quick Reference Guide.1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This practice covers the performance requirements for the design, components, construction, and service expectations of new roof system assemblies that always include steel deck, preformed roof insulation, and bituminous built-up roofing, and their attachment. It may also include fire-resistive components, integral acoustical treatment, vapor retarder, adhesive or mechanical fastener attachment, and aggregates.1.1 This practice covers the performance requirements for the design, components, construction, and service expectations of new roof system assemblies. For this purpose, the roof system always includes steel deck, preformed roof insulation, and bituminous built-up roofing, and their attachment. It may also include fire-resistive components, integral acoustical treatment, vapor retarder, adhesive or mechanical fastener attachment, and aggregates.1.2 The objective is to provide realistic criteria for the overall performance of the roof assembly and its components because by necessity and custom, a roof assembly contains a variety of components and is subject to varied environmental conditions.1.3 To assist in the successful implementation of the installation and service requirements of the roof system assembly, criteria are established to provide for compatibility of the various components.1.4 Nothing in this practice is intended to exclude products or systems not covered by the documents referenced in Section 2.1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 Preformed tape sealants are tacky, deformable solids that are used under compression between two substrates in a variety of sealing applications. This procedure measures the softness of a preformed tape sealant and gives an indication of the preformed tape sealant's ease of compression during installation. The resistance to penetration may also give an indication of the toughness of the preformed tape sealant.1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure for determining the softness of preformed tape sealants.NOTE 1: Cone penetration methods applicable to greases and to petrolatum are described in Test Methods D217 and D937. Test Method D2451 also uses a penetration technique for determining the degree of set in sash glazing compounds.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Temperature values are also provided (in parentheses) in degrees Fahrenheit.1.3 The subcommittee with jurisdiction is not aware of any similar ISO standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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9.1 Flame Propagation: 9.1.1 This specification has two options:9.1.1.1 Option I—Flame propagation test is required.9.1.1.2 Option II—Flame propagation test is not required.9.1.2 In case no option is specified, Option I will apply.9.2 This specification has two classifications as related to ozone resistance. These are Type I and Type II, with the latter having the greater resistance to ozone. The type should be specified when making reference to this specification but in the event that the type is not specified, Type II shall apply.NOTE 2: Type II is included in this specification for use where greater ozone resistance is required.AbstractThis specification covers elastomeric cellular preformed gasket and sealing materials. Elastomeric cellular materials shall be manufactured from natural rubber, synthetic rubber, rubber-like materials, or mixture of these, with added compounding ingredients. The material shall conform to the required physical properties such as: compression-deflection, compression set, heat aging, dimensional stability, ozone resistance, low-temperature brittleness, water absorption, flame propagation, and nonstaining. The two classifications of material according to ozone resistance are Type I and Type II. Test for each physical properties shall be made.1.1 This specification applies to those elastomeric cellular materials of a firm grade that are manufactured in preformed shapes for use as gaskets and for use as sealing materials, in the form of compression seals or gaskets, or both, for glazing other building joint applications.NOTE 1: For softer cellular elastomeric materials used in secondary sealing applications, refer to Specification D1056.1.2 Test Method C1166, as referenced in this specification, should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This specification covers an adhesive lubricant for facilitating the insertion and positioning of preformed elastomeric bridge compression seals in either concrete or steel-faced joints, and which bonds the seal to the joint faces to waterproof the joint.1.2 Since a precision estimate for this standard has not been developed, this test method is to be used for research or informational purposes only. Therefore, this test should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes.1.3 SI units are the standard. Units in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers preformed open-cell sponge rubber gaskets, for use in new or reconditioned pails or drums, of the following classes: Class A and Class B, each divided into Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3. Cellular sponge rubber gaskets shall be made by incorporating a blowing agent into the compound, such as sodium bicarbonate, that gives off a gas which expands the mass during the vulcanization process, and shall be manufactured from natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or rubber-like materials, together with added compounding ingredients. Unless otherwise specified, gasket sponge rubber shall have a natural skin on both the top and bottom surfaces. Cellular rubber shall conform to the prescribed requirements as to physical properties such as (1) compression at deflection, (2) change in volume upon oil immersion, (3) change in compression value after heat aging, (4) compression set, and (5) color (tan or black). The following test methods shall be used: (1) compression deflection test, (2) oil immersion test, (3) heat oven aging test, and (4) compression set test under constant deflection. The formula for calculating the compression set is given. The requirements for sampling, test specimens and slabs, and measurements of test specimen such as width and thickness are detailed as well. The location from which standard test specimens are to be cut when testing standard test slabs or commercial flat sheets and the four-cavity frame for standard test slabs of cellular rubbers are illustrated.1.1 This specification covers preformed open–cell sponge rubber gaskets of the following classes for use in new or reconditioned pails or drums.1.1.1 Class A—Non–Oil Resistant.1.1.2 Class B—Oil Resistant.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to Section 10, General Test Methods. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: ISO Equivalency Statement—This proposed specification was found to be not equivalent.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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