4.1 The uranium hexfluoride (UF6), as described in Specifications C787 and C996, has to meet different requirements: one set of requirements being safety, health physics, and criticality and the other set being chemical, physical, and isotopic. To ensure the UF6 is in compliance with all requirements, sampling and analysis shall be performed. Therefore, packaging may have a significant impact on the quality of UF6.4.2 After sampling, the bottle will contain residues. There is contamination because of the equipment, other contamination caused by nonvolatile elements, and isotopic contamination as a result of UF6 hydrolysis.4.3 Cleaning shall be efficient. Special emphasis should be given to decontaminate the bottles without leaving any trace of cleaning products, make the bottles inert in UF6 medium (passivation bottle), and minimize waste. The cleaning process should be easy, safe, and environmentally friendly.4.4 This practice describes different protocols for cleaning bottles by gas and liquid.1.1 This practice provides a description of the different ways to clean uranium hexafluoride (UF6) bottles.1.2 This practice describes two kinds of sample bottles: 1S and 2S bottles.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This guide may be used by medical device manufacturers as part of their design plan and implementation of the validation of the cleaning instructions of their reusable medical devices.5.2 This guide helps medical device manufacturers to identify the best method(s) for extracting simulated-use test soil (see Guide F3208), thereby evaluating whether the medical device can be adequately cleaned.5.3 Methods describing various techniques for extracting soil are given.5.4 Guidance is further given as to how to validate the method(s) for extraction.1.1 This guide provides methods and considerations for extracting test soil(s) from reusable medical device(s) that occurs during simulated use validation, clinical use of the device(s) and after the device(s) have been through a cleaning process.1.2 This is a part of a series of ASTM guides for validating cleaning instructions. The scope of the first guide in the series is regarding selecting appropriate test soils (Guide F3208). The second in the series (Guide F3293) describes methods that are used to inoculate medical devices with simulated-use test soil(s). This third in the series describes methods for extracting test soils in order to measure residual soil remaining on medical devices after the performance of cleaning procedures.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the material, operating, and testing requirements for automatic or continuously self-cleaning strainers, or both, for use in fuel oil and lubricating oil systems and in any marine environment. The strainer may be either hydraulic, electric, or pneumatic operated, and is designed to operate under positive pressure, that is, on the discharge side of the pump. The strainers should operate at specified pressures, temperatures, shipboard environments, and self-cleaning rates. They shall also undergo flow capacity test, inclined flow capacity test, strength of internals test, and self-cleaning and filtration efficiency test.1.1 This specification covers automatic or continuously self-cleaning automatic strainers, or both, for use in fuel and lubrication oil systems. The strainer is designed to operate under positive pressure (discharge side of the pump). Strainers manufactured to this specification are suitable for use in any marine environment.1.2 It is not the intent of this document to redefine existing filtration standards. The intent is to provide sound guidelines for purchasers and designers of lube oil and fuel oil systems. Nominal micron requirements and filter efficiencies shall be as agreed upon by the purchaser and manufacturer and stated in the purchase order document.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Significance—Dried blood represents a significant challenge to cleaning surgical instruments. The water-soluble components of blood are easily rendered insoluble when exposed to heat, chemical solutions, or time at room temperature. The water insoluble component of blood is fibrin built up during coagulation. These proteins bind quite readily to the surfaces of surgical instruments making them difficult to remove even with the aid of chemical cleaning agents. Instruments contaminated with blood residue after reprocessing represent a significant threat for infection to healthcare workers and patients. Healthcare facilities typically employ the use of automated instrument washers. These devices combine mechanical action along with chemical cleaning agents in a staged cleaning cycle designed to thoroughly clean surgical instruments. To function properly, these machines must be performing at targeted mechanical efficiency and deliver the correct chemical cleaning agents at the correct temperature, at the correct dosage for the correct period of time. Manufacturers of automated washers and manufacturers of cleaning detergent need to evaluate the performance of their products utilizing a surrogate for surgical instruments soiled with blood. The results of the performance testing will be used to improve product design and for validation of the performance of their product for various regulatory requirements.4.2 Use—The regular, periodic use of the blood soil test is a systemic challenge to the functioning of an automated washer. To properly challenge the cleaning device, the test must be analogous to the dried blood soil, to the stainless steel substrate, and to the physical barriers presented by surgical instruments. These physical barriers include the box lock, or pivot joint of a hinged instrument, the serrated tips, and crevices of surgical instruments. On the test coupon, the components of blood are similar to the state of dried blood on instruments. By utilizing a grooved stainless steel coupon, the substrate is similar to that of stainless steel instruments. By mounting the soiled coupon in a plastic holder the physical barriers represented by cracks and crevices of instruments (for example, box locks) are represented. Users are provided with an interpretation guide that aids them in interpreting results that are less than optimal. For instance, failure to remove the fibrin layer of blood soil (which is water insoluble) indicates a problem with the chemical cleaning agent(s). Failure to evenly remove a hemoglobin soil indicates a mechanical failure. Failure to remove any soil indicates either a catastrophic mechanical failure, or inappropriate settings for the initial rinse stage. As a standardized challenge, the test provides a reproducible means for the washer manufacturer and the detergent manufacturer to compare new designs and formulations to those existing within their own product line as well as those of others in the market. For the purpose of submitting their instructions for use, the test provides a means to validate the performance of their product with a device that is a surrogate for the devices their products will be used to clean in the practical setting. This validation testing can be used as part of any necessary documentation for regulatory filings and records.1.1 This guide is based on a standardized test soil correlating to coagulated blood suitable for screening tests and the evaluation of the cleaning efficiency of washer-disinfectors used for reprocessing of surgical instruments. This guide strictly deals with cleaning and does not describe any methods that are related to disinfection. See Referenced Documents D5343, D4008, D4265, D2960, and D3050 in Section 2 for additional information.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers hydrocarbon solvents, normally petroleum distillates, used in coatings and dry-cleaning industries. These solvents are also known as mineral spirits and as Stoddard solvents when used in dry cleaning. The following are the types of mineral spirits: Type I, Type II, Type III, Type IV, Class A, Class B, and Class C. The physical and chemical properties of mineral spirits shall conform to the requirements specified for: aromatic content, commercial reference, appearance, flash point, color, kauri-butanol value, bromine number, odor, doctor test, distillation, residue for distillation, copper corrosion, and apparent specific gravity. These properties shall be tested with the specified test methods.1.1 This specification covers four types of hydrocarbon solvents, normally petroleum distillates, used primarily in the coatings and dry-cleaning industries. “Mineral spirits” is the most common name for these solvents. They are also called “Stoddard Solvents” when used for dry cleaning.1.2 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to the test method portion, 6.1.10, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 This guide is primarily intended to assist decision-makers and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill response, and training.3.2 This guide is not specific to site or type of oil.1.1 This guide covers the use of chemical cleaning agents on oiled shorelines. This guide is not applicable to other chemical agents nor to the use of such products in open waters.1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will enable spill responders to decide whether to use chemical shoreline cleaning agents as part of the oil spill cleanup response.1.3 This is a general guide only. It is assumed that conditions at the spill site have been assessed and that these conditions are suitable for the use of cleaning agents. It is assumed that permission has been obtained to use the chemical agents. Variations in the behavior of different types of oil are not dealt with in this guide and may change some of the parameters noted herein.1.4 This guide covers two different types of shoreline cleaners: those that disperse oil into the water and those that disperse little oil into the water under low energy levels. The selection criteria for these two types can differ widely. This guide does not cover dispersants.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This guide is intended to aid the equipment manufacturer, installer, service company, and turbine operator in coordinating their efforts to obtain and maintain clean lubrication and control systems.4.2 The flushing and cleaning philosophies stated in this guide are applicable to both large and small lubrication systems.4.3 Clean lubrication systems result from proper system design and good planning, execution, and communication by all involved during commissioning. No phase of these procedures should be undertaken without a thorough understanding of the possible effects of improper system preparation. The installation, cleaning, and flushing of the equipment should not be entrusted to persons lacking in experience.4.4 Because of the knowledge and specialized equipment that is required, the operator may wish to employ an outside specialist contractor for the system flushing. Review of this guide can provide guidelines for discussion with prospective contractors.1.1 This guide covers types of contaminants, oil purification devices, contamination monitoring, contamination control during building or refurbishing of turbine systems, lubrication system flushing, and maintenance of pure lubrication oil.1.2 To obtain maximum operating life and reliability, or lubricants and system, it is vital that the turbine lubrication system has pure oil. This guide is intended to aid the equipment manufacturer, installer, and turbine operator in coordinating their efforts to obtain and maintain clean lubrication and control systems. These systems may be on land or marine turbine generators and propulsion and mechanical drive equipment. This guide is generalized due to variations in the type of equipment, builder's practices, and operating conditions.1.3 This guide primarily addresses petroleum based lubricating oil. For systems using nonpetroleum based fluids, this guide may not be appropriate. For nonpetroleum products, consult the equipment and fluid manufacturers.1.4 This guide is applicable to both large and small lubrication systems. Some equipment specified herein, however, may not be appropriate for all systems. Moreover, in situations where specific guidelines and procedures are provided by the equipment manufacturer, such procedures should take precedence over the recommendations of this guide.1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 One of the key considerations in making sound cleanup decisions for oiled shorelines is the relative sensitivity of the impacted area. Some areas are very sensitive and certain cleaning methods could cause more harm than benefit. In such cases, natural recovery will be the preferred approach. In other cases, depending on the type of oil, the amount of oil present may be so extensive that recovery will be significantly delayed or not occur at all unless active intervention is carried out.3.2 This guide presents summary information taken from publications listed in Section 2 on the relative physical and biological sensitivities of shorelines for coastal and inland habitats. Use this guide together with the referenced publications and ASTM guides to make informed decisions prior to undertaking cleaning operations. Consult appropriate government agencies according to law.3.3 The relative sensitivities of shorelines and resources relate to a number of factors:3.3.1 Shoreline type (substrate, grain size, tidal elevation, etc.),3.3.2 Biological productivity, diversity and vulnerability,3.3.3 Exposure to wave and tidal energy, and3.3.4 Ability to conduct cleanup without further damage.1.1 This guide provides information on shoreline types and sensitive habitats that can be used as guidance for selecting appropriate cleaning techniques following an oil spill. This guide does not address protected archaeological, historical, or cultural sites.1.2 This guide’s emphasis is on typical physical and biological attributes of coastal and inland habitats that could be at risk from oil spills. It reviews and encompasses the entire spectrum of shoreline types representing a wide range of sensitivities. It is largely based on NOAA’s and API’s publications listed in Section 2.1.3 This guide provides only very broad guidance on cleaning strategies for the various habitats. For more in-depth guidance, the reader is referred to Section 2, Referenced Documents.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method provides an indication of how close to a wall or baseboard a vacuum cleaner removes dirt/dust. The amount of dirt removed in the laboratory test may not be the same as in a home; however, it will show that, in most cases, a vacuum cleaner that performs well in the laboratory will perform well in a home. Laboratory results may differ due to variations in the homes: carpets, dirt, and other factors.NOTE 1: The primary goal of this test method is not to evaluate the degree or the amount of dirt or dust debris that a given product removes, but rather how close to a wall or baseboard a vacuum has performed some measure of cleaning.4.2 In order to provide a uniform basis for measuring the performance described in 1.1, a standardized test carpet and test dust are employed in this procedure.1.1 This test procedure provides a quantitative laboratory method for determining the edge cleaning effectiveness of a vacuum cleaner along walls and baseboards.1.2 This test method is applicable to household and commercial types of upright, canister, combination, stick and hand held vacuum cleaners.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method provides a laboratory test for determining the relative carpet dirt removal effectiveness of residential central vacuum cleaning systems when tested under standard conditions and on representative types of carpets.4.2 This laboratory test method may not give a representation of carpet embedded dirt cleaning effectiveness in the home.4.3 In order to provide a uniform basis for measuring performance as described in 1.2, standardized test carpets and standardized test dirt are employed in this procedure.4.4 The results reflect a non-loaded cleaning capability and may not be representative of cleaning capabilities under dirt loading conditions.1.1 This test method covers only a laboratory test for determining the relative carpet dirt removal effectiveness of residential central vacuum cleaning systems when tested under specified conditions.1.2 This test method is applicable to residential central vacuum cleaning systems intended for cleaning carpets.1.3 This test method applies only to embedded dirt removal from carpets, not the removal of surface litter and debris.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.NOTE 1: The F11.21 subcommittee is actively pursuing new market relevant carpets for Specification F655 with the assistance of the carpet industry. Although plush and Freize carpet panels are no longer available for purchase, some laboratories may still have samples for testing. In such cases, the table values remain valid.NOTE 2: Due to the influence of environmental conditions, variations in time, origin of test materials, and proficiency of the operator, most of the described test methods will give more reliable results when applied for comparative testing of a number of appliances at the same time, in the same laboratory, and by the same operator until a new interlaboratory study has been completed to provide repeatability and reproducibility values.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The test results provide an indication of the motor life of an electric motorized nozzle. The end of motor life will be judged in accordance with Section 3.1.1 This test method covers the motorized nozzle used in household or commercial central vacuum cleaning systems.1.2 This test method provides a test for determining operating motor life in hours by an accelerated laboratory procedure. The motors are tested while mounted and operated in the motorized nozzle.1.3 This test method covers only the motorized nozzle. The system used to provide the airflow source is not under consideration.1.4 This test method is limited to the determination of motor life for an electrically powered household or commercial motorized nozzle.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This test method covers determination of the effects of cleaning solutions and chemical maintenance materials on painted aircraft surfaces. Materials used for testing shall be drawing pencils, fine sand paper, abrasive mats, acetone, MIL-PRF-85285 coating, MIL-PRF-23377 primer coating, chemical conversion materials, and distilled or deionized water. Plate and sheet specimens of aluminum alloy shall be examined under concentrated and diluted test solutions. Pencils preparation, panels preparations, testing, and hardness determination shall be done according to the indicated procedure.1.1 This test method covers determination of the effects of cleaning solutions and liquid cleaner concentrates on painted aircraft surfaces (Note 1). Streaking, discoloration, and blistering may be determined visually. Softening is determined with a series of specially prepared pencils wherein determination of the softest pencil to rupture the paint film is made.NOTE 1: This test method is applicable to any paint film that is exposed to cleaning materials. MIL-PRF-85285 has been selected as a basic example. When other paint finishes are used, refer to the applicable material specification for panel preparation and system curing prior to testing.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The test results allow comparison of sustained air performance of central vacuum cleaners that employ various methods of separating the dirt from the air used to convey the dirt to the central power unit. The results will be expressed as a percentage of the original vacuum performance after loading a prescribed weight of media.4.2 The test results will allow a comparison of emissions by measuring the media emitted during the test and expressing this as an Exhaust Emissions.1.1 This test method is a laboratory test for determining the sustained air performance and Exhaust Emissions of a central vacuum cleaner when tested under laboratory conditions.1.2 This test method is applicable to all central vacuum cleaners with or without any type of internal filter. This test method is intended to help indicate how performance may be affected after multiple times of vacuuming over an extended period of time.1.3 The inch-pound system of units is used in this standard except for weight measurements, which are measured in grams. The values stated in parentheses are given for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method will provide an indication of the effectiveness of the cleaning system at restoring the appearance of an artificially soiled carpet by wet extraction cleaning. The cleaning effectiveness in the laboratory test may not be the same as in home cleaning due to variations in the homes, carpets, soils, and other factors.4.2 In order to provide a uniform basis for measuring the performance described in 1.1, standardized test carpet, test pad, and test soil are employed in this procedure.1.1 This test method provides only a laboratory test for visually determining the relative carpet cleaning effectiveness of a wet extraction cleaning system when tested under standard conditions.1.2 This test method is applicable to types of upright, canister, and combination wet extraction cleaners and their recommended chemical cleaning formulas intended for cleaning carpets as a primary or secondary function. This test method excludes pre-spray systems or pre-spray treatments.1.3 This test method is not applicable to upholstery cleaning or bare floor cleaning.1.4 This test method applies only to the cleaning of embedded soil from carpet, not the removal of surface litter and debris.1.5 This test method does not directly quantify the amount of soil removed but is visually assessed by employing colorimetric instrumentation.1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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