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5.1 This practice is intended to regulate the installation of reinforced AAC units and to provide test methods for determining their transverse load-displacement characteristics and load-carrying capacities.1.1 This practice covers the installation and testing of solid, reinforced units made from autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), a cementitious product addressed by Specification C1693. The units are large-sized, factory-reinforced, solid rectangular prisms, laid using thin-bed mortar.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method provides a standardized procedure for evaluating performance of ceramic floor tile installations under conditions similar to actual specific usages. It can be used to make comparisons between customary basic installation methods, to establish the influence of minor changes in a particular installation method, and to judge the merit of proposed novel methods.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of ceramic floor tile installation systems, using the Robinson2-type floor tester.1.2 This test method is intended solely for evaluating complete ceramic floor tile installation systems for failure under dynamic loads and not for evaluating particular characteristics of ceramic tile, such as abrasion resistance. This test method does not claim to provide meaningful results for other than evaluating complete ceramic floor tile installation systems.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric (SI) units in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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A standard recognizes that effectiveness, safety, and durability of a RBS depends not only on the quality of the materials, but also on their proper installation.Improper installation of a RBS can reduce their thermal effectiveness, cause fire risks and other unsafe conditions, and promote deterioration of the structure in which they are installed. Specific hazards that can result from improper installation include fires caused by (1) heat buildup in recessed lighting fixtures, (2) deterioration or failure of electrical wiring components, and (3) deterioration in wood structures and paint failure due to moisture accumulation.This standard provides recommendations for the installation of radiant barrier materials in a safe and effective manner. Actual conditions in existing buildings may vary greatly and in some cases additional care should be taken to ensure safe and effective installation.This standard presents requirements that are general in nature and considered practical. They are not intended as specific recommendations. The user should consult the manufacturer for recommended application methods.1.1 This standard has been prepared for use by the designer, specifier, and installer of RBS (radiant barrier systems) for use in building construction. The scope is limited to recommendations relative to the use and installation of RBS including a surface(s) normally having a far-infrared emittance of 0.1 or less, such as metallic foil or metallic deposits unmounted or mounted on substrates. Some examples that this standard is intended to address include: (1) low emittance surfaces in vented or unvented building envelope cavities intended to retard radiant transfer across the airspace; (2) low emittance surfaces at interior building surfaces intended to retard radiant transfer to or from building inhabitants; and (3) low emittance surfaces at interior building surfaces intended to reduce radiant transfer to or from radiant heating or cooling systems. See for typical examples of use.1.2 This standard covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through post-installation procedure. It does not cover the production of the radiant barrier materials. (See Specification C1313.)1.3 This standard is not intended to replace the manufacturer's installation instructions, but shall be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supercede local, state, or federal codes.1.4 This standard assumes that the installer possesses a good working knowledge of the application codes and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment, and methods necessary for the installation of radiant barrier materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals of building construction that affect the installation of RBS.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Sections and .1.5 When the installation or use of radiant barrier materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

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4.1 This practice is for use by designers and specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, and inspection organizations involved in the rehabilitation of non-pressure sewers and conduits. As for any practice, modifications may be required for specific job conditions.1.1 This practice describes the procedures for the rehabilitation of sewer lines and conduits by the installation of a field-fabricated PVC liner. After installation of the liner, cementitious grout is injected into the annular space between the liner and the existing sewer or conduit. The rehabilitation of the host structure by this installation practice results in a rigid composite structure (PVC/grout/existing pipe). This rehabilitation process may be used in a variety of gravity applications, such as sanitary sewers, storm sewers and process piping of man-entry sizes (36 to 144 in. in vertical dimension). The profile strips used for field fabrication of PVC liners are supplied in coils for spiral winding of the liner or in custom-cut flat panels for circumferential lining of all or any portion of the circumference of the host conduit (see Figs. 1 and 2).FIG. 1 Example of Profile PVC StripFIG. 2 Typical Installations with Panels1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Particular attention is drawn to those safety regulations and requirements involving entering into and working in confined spaces.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This guide describes the specification and re-construction of in-situ pipelines and conduits 2 in. to 63 in. (50 mm to 1600 mm) diameter) by the pulled-in-place installation, into an existing conduit, of circular, radially reduced, Shape-Memory-Polymer Tubular (SMPT) that after installation, re-expands (by “memory”) to press against the ID of the host pipe, thus coupling the interior pipe, by friction fit, as reinforcement to the host pipe. The added SMPT pipe wall restores leak tightness and adds its strength to the host pipe (Dual-Wall Composite-Pipe). It becomes a continuous compressed-fit dual-wall pipeline. Depending upon the SMPT compound used, the re-constructed pipelines or conduits are suitable for pressure and nonpressure pipeline applications such as process piping, raw and treated water transmission, water pipe systems, forced-mains, industrial and oil-patch gathering and transmission pipelines, sanitary sewers, storm sewers, and culverts.NOTE 1: This standard guide covers circular SMPT tubulars which are radially reduced by mechanical means at the time of installation. This guide does not address “liners” that at the time of manufacture are deformed (folded) into U-shape, C-shape, H-shape, or other such configurations. This guide refers to dual-wall meaning two layers of pipe co-joined in the field, which is different from dual-wall factory-made co-extruded pipe or corrugated pipe. This guide does not provide a complete design basis covering the many variables required for design and construction of this field fabricated product; the advice of professional contractors and/or registered professional engineers may be incorporated as an adjunct to this guide.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.NOTE 2: There are no ISO standards covering the primary subject matter of this guide.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide information to select, design and install thermoplastic, water-pressure piping systems. Materials covered in this specification are Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC), Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) and Polyethylene (PE) plastic pipe fittings.1.1 This guide is intended for use in the selection, design, and installation of thermoplastic water-pressure piping systems. For specific projects, a thorough review of this guide is recommended for the purpose of selecting specific materials, methods of joining, system design factor, and any special procedures deemed necessary to assure a satisfactory system.NOTE 1: Comprehensive information on the selection, design, joining, system design factors, installation and special products and piping systems for pressurized water and other specialized applications is available in the PPI Handbook of Polyethylene Pipe and from other domestic and International sources such as PE compound and product manufacturers and trade associations.1.2 It is recommended that governing codes and project specifications be consulted prior to the use of this guide. Nothing in this guide should be construed as recommending practices or systems at variance with governing codes and project specifications.1.3 The pipe, fittings, and joining materials shall meet the requirements of one or more of the following component product standards listed in 1.3.1 through 1.3.4 to the extent applicable. In 1.3.1, 1.3.2, and 1.3.4 the pipe standards followed by (a) are outside diameter-controlled pipes.1.3.1 For poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic piping components:  Title of Specification ASTMDesignationPoly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80 and 120 (a) D1785Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) (a) D2241Threaded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 D2464Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 D2466Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 D2467Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings D2564Bell-End Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe (a) D2672Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Tubing (a) D2740Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Line Couplings D3036Joints for Plastic Pressure Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals D3139Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe F477PVC and ABS Injected Solvent Cemented Plastic Pipe Joints F5451.3.2 For Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) plastic piping components: Title of Specification ASTMDesignationChlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80 (a) F441/F441MChlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 F439Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings F4931.3.3 Standards for polyethylene (PE) plastic piping:  ASTM Standard DesignationStandard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SIDR-PR) Based on Controlled Inside Diameter D2239Standard Specification for Plastic Insert Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe D2609Standard Specification for Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter-Controlled Polyethylene Pipe and Tubing D2683Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Tubing D2737Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pressure Piping D2774Standard Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and Tubing D3261Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Controlled Outside Diameter D3035Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter F714Standard Specification for Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled Polyethylene and Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe and Tubing F1055Standard Specification for Socket Fusion Tools for Use in Socket Fusion Joining Polyethylene Pipe or Tubing and Fittings F1056Standard Practice for Electrofusion Joining Polyolefin Pipe and Fittings F1290Standard Specification for Deformed Polyethylene (PE) Liner F1533Standard Guide for Construction Procedures for Buried Plastic Pipe F1668Standard Practice for Field Leak Testing of Polyethylene (PE) and Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pressure Piping Systems Using Hydrostatic Pressure F2164Standard Specification for Fabricated Fittings of Butt-Fused Polyethylene (PE) F2206Standard Practice for Heat Fusion Joining of Polyethylene Pipe and Fittings F2620Standard Test Method for Laboratory Testing of Polyethylene (PE) Butt Fusion Joints using Tensile-Impact Method F2634Standard Practice for Field Leak Testing of Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Piping Systems Using Gaseous Testing Media Under Pressure (Pneumatic Leak Testing) F2786Standard Specification for Lap-Joint Type Flange Adapters for Polyethylene Pressure Pipe in Nominal Pipe Sizes ¾ in. to 65 in. F2880Standard Practice for Specimens and Testing Conditions for Testing Polyethylene (PE) Pipe Butt Fusions Using Tensile and Hydrostatic Test Methods F2928Standard Specification for Billets made by Winding Molten Extruded Stress-Rated High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) F3034Standard Specification for Metric Outside Diameter Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PN) F3123Standard Practice for Data Recording the Procedure used to Produce Heat Butt Fusion Joints in Plastic Piping Systems or Fittings F3124Standard Practice for Guided Side Bend Evaluation of Polyethylene Pipe Butt Fusion Joint F3183Standard Practice for Heat Fusion Equipment (HFE) Operator Qualification on Polyethylene (PE) and Polyamide (PA) Pipe and Fittings F3190AWWA Standards  Standards Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Pipe and Tubing, 1/2 in. (13 mm) Through 3 in. (76 mm), for Water Service C901Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Pipe and Fittings, 4 In. Through 65 In. (100 mm Through 1,650 mm), for Waterworks C906CSA Standards  Standards Definitions, general requirements, and methods of testing for thermoplastic pressure piping B137.0Polyethylene (PE) pipe, tubing, and fittings for cold water pressure services B137.11.3.4 For poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Components Issued By the American Water Works Association: C900 Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure Pipe,4-inch through 12-inch, for Water (a) 1.3.5 Pipes with wall thicknesses less than 1.50 mm (0.06 in.) are not recommended.1.4 Other Joining Devices—Joining devices other than those covered by the listed standards may be selected by the user on the basis of his own engineering evaluation and service experience.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This practice covers the standard procedures for the installation of metal ceiling suspension systems for acoustical tile and lay-in panels. Here, specifications are provided for the installation of individual components such as hangers, carrying channels, main runners, cross runners, splines, assembly devices, and ceiling fixtures. Specifications are also given for possible interference of ceiling related components, and the lighting and appearance.1.1 This practice covers the installation of suspension systems for acoustical tile and lay-in panels. It is applicable to contractors whose services are utilized for installing acoustical ceilings and to other trades if their activities are responsible for interference with ceiling components or performance as defined in this recommended practice.1.2 While the practices described in this document have equal application to fire-resistive suspension systems, many systems impose additional requirements to obtain the fire endurance classification of particular floor-ceiling or roof-ceiling assemblies. These details are available from the listing agency and from the manufacturers.1.3 Similarly, additional detailing is often necessary to meet sound attenuation requirements when ceiling plenums extend over contiguous rooms. Obtain these from the manufacturer of the acoustical material employed.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 While many of the practices described in this practice have application to the installation of metal suspension systems in exterior environments, the specific design of exterior ceiling installations requires the review and approval of the architect or engineer, or both, who are responsible for the construction of the building or modifications to an existing building. While recommendations from the manufacturer are solicited, it remains the final responsibility of the architect/engineer to ensure proper application of the materials in question.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers carbon steel overboard discharge hull penetrations for system piping. Penetrations shall be classified as follows: Type I; Type II (Class 1 and Class 2); Type III (Class 1 and Class 2); and Type IV (Classes 1, 2, and 3). Doubler and insert plates shall be of material with physical properties equal to or better than the reinforced shell plate. Overboard discharges shall be combined to the maximum extent practicable to minimize the number of shell penetrations. Overboard discharges shall be located to minimize recirculation into suction seachests. Shell penetrations shall be located outside of cathodic protection areas. Penetration pipe extension past the shell plate shall be equal to the pipe wall thickness. 1.1 This specification covers carbon steel overboard discharge hull penetrations for system piping of NPS 1 through NPS 24 (see Note 1). Note 1: The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such TRADITIONAL terms as nominal diameter, size, and nominal size. 1.2 The minimum pipe schedule and reinforcement dimensions presented in Tables 1-6 are based on specifications in 46 CFR, 56.50-95, and Navy Design Data Sheet 100-1. 1.3 This specification does not include sea chest penetrations. 1.4 This specification does not include penetrations in protective plating. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This document addresses installation qualification (IQ), operational qualification (OQ), and performance qualification (PQ) issues directly related to the additive manufacturing system that has a direct influence on the consolidation of material. The first three elements of process validation, process mapping, risk assessment, and validation planning, are necessary pre-conditions to machine qualification, however, they are outside the scope of this document.1.2 This document covers issues directly related to the AM equipment and does not cover feedstock qualification or post processing beyond powder removal.1.3 Physical facility, personnel, process and material issues are only included to the extent necessary to support machine qualification.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The information provided in this standard guide is intended for use by designers and specifiers of siphonic roof drainage systems and their related components. Specifically, this guide addresses the use and limitations of plastic pipe and fittings in siphonic roof drainage systems where internal operating pressures are typically sub-atmospheric.1.1 This guide covers design and installation considerations for plastic siphonic roof drain systems for industrial, commercial, public, and residential buildings. Requirements for materials, pipe, and fittings are included.1.2 The interchangeability of pipe and fittings made by different manufacturers is not addressed in this guide. Transition fittings for joining pipe and fittings of different manufacturers is provided for in the referenced pipe and fitting specification.1.3 In referee decisions, the SI units shall be used for metric-sized pipe and inch-pound units for pipe sized in the IPS system (ANSI B36.10). In all cases, the values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice is for use by designers and specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, and inspection organizations who are involved in the rehabilitation of conduits through the use of a resin-impregnated fabric tube pulled-in-place through an existing conduit and secondarily inflated through the inversion of a calibration hose. Modifications may be required for specific job conditions.1.1 This practice describes the procedures for the reconstruction of pipelines and conduits (2 in. to 96 in. (5 cm to 244 cm) diameter) by the pulled-in-place installation of a resin-impregnated, flexible fabric tube into an existing conduit and secondarily inflated through the inversion of a calibration hose by the use of a hydrostatic head or air pressure (see Fig. 1). The resin is cured by circulating hot water, by the introduction of controlled steam into the tube, or by photoinitiated reaction. When cured, the finished cured-in-place pipe will be continuous and tight fitting. This reconstruction process may be used in a variety of gravity and pressure applications such as sanitary sewers, storm sewers, process piping, electrical conduits, and ventilation systems.FIG. 1 Cured-in-Place Pipe Installation Methods1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.NOTE 1: There are no ISO standards covering the primary subject matter of this practice.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C1732-19 Standard Practice for Installation of Concrete Floor Tiles Active 发布日期 :  1970-01-01 实施日期 : 

4.1 This practice is intended to provide technical information for designers, architects, and installers of CFT units in residential and light commercial construction. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for floor tile units manufactured from other materials.1.1 This practice covers the installation of concrete floor tile (CFT) units for application as exterior and interior flooring. Units described by this practice shall be manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1731. This practice is limited to the installation of CFT units.1.2 This practice covers aspects of installation relating to performance in service.1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the minimum requirements for the installation of cast-in-place reinforced gypsum concrete over permanent formboard. Subpurlins shall be designed to support live and dead loads of the roof deck. Got-rolled and cold-rolled steel shapes other than bulb trees or truss tees shall meet the requirements of this specification. Mineral fiber formborad shall be tested in accordance with the transverse loading test. Hexagonal reinforcing mesh, rectangular reinforcing fabric, gypsum concrete, and expansion filler strip shall be fabricated in accordance to the specification. The subpurlins shall be placed transversely to the purlins and primary framing and shall be spaced to suit the size of the formboards. Cross tees shall be provided where formboard ends are supported by purlins or the primary framing. Formboards shall be located face down on the flanges of the supporting members and with the ends on top of the purlins. The mesh of wire fabric shall be located with the main longitudinal wires at right angles to the subpurlins and adjacent to the formboard at midspan between the purlins. Expansion filler strips shall be placed continuously against the walls, curbs, nailers, or other rigid surfaces that gypsum concrete will abut. Gypsum concrete mixing and placement shall be performed. Mixing shall be thorough but not overmixed.1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for the installation of cast-in-place reinforced gypsum concrete over permanent formboard.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered requirements of the standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This practice covers acceptable methods of fabricating and installing rigid pipe hangers used to support shipboard piping systems, it provides guidance for the design of hanger caps, straps and standoffs, selection of hanger and hanger liner materials, hanger bolting, and hanger spacing. The pipe hanger style includes: split cap hanger, 3strap hanger, welded hanger, U-bolt hanger, J band type hanger, Nelson hanger, clamp hanger assembled with mounting channel, poly-block twin clamp hanger, crimp-on weld stud-type hangers, banded weld stud-type hanger, and poly-block single-clamp hanger. Guidance in determining pipe hanger spacing are provided. Special consideration should be given to areas of concentrated loads, such as risers, valves, or groups of fittings, and to piping configurations that could create rotational forces. Hangers need not be lined unless the hanger and pipe are of dissimilar material. All hanger bolts within tanks or other inaccessible areas shall be secured with lock nuts, lock washers, or by some other means. Pipe hangers and standoffs located in areas subject to corrosion, such as in bilges, ballast tanks, and areas exposed to the weather, should be zinc-plated or blasted and coated with inorganic zinc or coated with the same material as that of the surrounding area. Standoffs fabricated from pipe should not be used within tanks. Consideration should be given to thermal growth of the piping when selecting or locating hangers so as not to overstress the piping or hangers.1.1 This practice covers acceptable methods of fabricating and installing rigid pipe hangers used to support shipboard piping systems with temperatures of 650 °F (343 °C) or less.1.2 This practice provides guidance for the design of hanger caps, straps and standoffs, selection of hanger and hanger liner materials, hanger bolting, and hanger spacing.1.3 Other hanger designs may be used provided they result in an adequately supported vibration-free piping system and are compatible with the intended system service and temperature limitations.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This practice covers the minimum requirements for and the methods of installation of rigid vinyl siding, soffits, and accessories on the exterior wall and soffit areas of buildings. This practice also covers aspects of installation relating to effectiveness and durability in service. Materials to be used in the installation shall include horizontal wall sliding, vertical wall sliding, soffit panels, accessories such as starter strip, corner posts, and trim channels, and fasteners such as nails, staples, and screws. The installation method includes the following steps: substrate, surface preparation, application of horizontal sliding, application of vertical sliding, application of soffits and fascia and applicaton of special details.1.1 This practice covers the basic requirements for and the methods of installation of rigid vinyl siding, soffits, and accessories on the exterior wall and soffit areas of buildings. In all applications, refer also to the specific manufacturer's installation instructions and the requirements of applicable building codes.1.2 This practice covers aspects of installation relating to effectiveness and durability in service.1.3 The various application systems are located in the following sections of this practice:Substrate, Surface Preparation Section 8Application of Horizontal Siding Section 9Application of Vertical Siding Section 10Application of Soffits and Fascia Section 11Special Details Section 121.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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