5.1 This test method provides a quantified measure of the image artifact produced under a standard set of scanning conditions.5.2 This test method applies only to passive implants that have been established to be MR-Safe or MR-Conditional.1.1 This test method characterizes the distortion and signal loss artifacts produced in a magnetic resonance (MR) image by a passive implant (implant that functions without the supply of electrical or external power). Anything not established to be MR-Safe or MR-Conditional is excluded.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

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7.1 Walk-through metal detectors are an effective and unobtrusive means for searching for concealed metallic weapons and SNM (special nuclear material) shielding material. The detectors are generally applied to prevent the unauthorized entry of weapons into facilities, and theft or unauthorized removal of SNM. Daily functional testing of metal detectors shows that they are operating and will produce the correct alarm signal; the significant use of less frequent in-plant evaluations provides data from which to determine if detectors are operating at expected performance levels.7.2 This practice provides a system of procedures for evaluating the detection performance of walk-through metal detectors.7.3 The procedures specify data to be recorded and used for establishing, tracking, and auditing metal detector performance and operation.7.4 This practice suggests documentation for maintaining performance records. Appendix X4 provides examples of forms for recording and tracking detector operation and performance testing.1.1 This practice is one of several (see Appendix X1) developed to assist operators of nuclear facilities with meeting the metal detection performance requirements set by regulatory authorities.1.2 This practice consists of four procedures useful for evaluating the in-plant performance of walk-through metal detectors (see Fig. 1).FIG. 1 Walk-through Metal Detector Evaluation Testing ProgramNOTE 1: The number of detection sensitivity verification tests in a series, the number of passes per test, the acceptance criteria, and the frequency may be established by regulatory authority or set by the security organization based on threat scenarios or vulnerability assessments; the numbers should be sufficient to provide a degree of assurance commensurate with the detector application.NOTE 2: If the detector fails to meet the acceptance criteria, the verification series is terminated. The detector then must be tested to reestablish the probability of detection. If the probability of detection requirement cannot be met (repairs may be necessary), the detector must be mapped and the operational sensitivity setting reestablished. Performance testing can then be resumed starting with a new detection sensitivity test.NOTE 3: If the detector fails the functional test, the detector must be immediately removed from service (see Appendix X1).1.2.1 Two of the procedures provide data for evaluating probability of detection. These procedures use binomial data (alarm/not alarm).1.2.1.1 The detection sensitivity test (DST; see Note 1) is the initial procedure in the detection probability evaluation series. It is used to establish the probability of detection immediately after the detector has been adjusted to its operational sensitivity setting.NOTE 1: The DST is one of two procedures used to evaluate detection rate. The Detection Sensitivity Verification Test (DSVT) is the other. In the evaluation test strategy, the DST is used to initially determine and document the detection rate and then the DSVT is used to periodically check that the detection rate continues to meet the requirements.1.2.1.2 The detection sensitivity verification test (DSVT; see Note 1) procedure periodically provides data for evaluation of continuing detection performance.1.2.2 The third procedure is a “functional test.” It is used routinely to verify that a metal detector is operating and responds with the correct audio and visual signals when subjected to a condition that should cause an alarm.1.2.3 The fourth procedure is used to verify that alarms generated during detection sensitivity testing were likely the result of the detection of metal and not caused by outside interferences or the perturbation of the detection field by the tester's body mass.1.2.3.1 This procedure also can be used to establish a probability of occurrence for false alarms, for example, 20 test passes by a clean-tester resulting in no alarms indicates a false alarm probability of less than 0.15 at 95 % confidence. This procedure is optional unless required by the regulatory authority.1.3 This practice does not set test object specifications. The specifications should be issued by the regulatory authority.1.4 This practice is intended neither to set performance levels nor to limit or constrain technologies.1.5 This practice does not address safety or operational issues associated with the use of walk-through metal detectors.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The approaches to the evaluation of toothpaste recommended in this guide can be used to assess the sensory characteristics of toothpaste when dispensed, in use, and after use. This guide is meant to address the evaluation of a standalone toothpaste product and does not address packaging, product/package interaction, dispensing, appearance, or overall effect or benefit of the product. The procedures outlined in this guide are to be used by assessors that have been specifically screened for sensory and descriptive ability and have been trained in the evaluation of toothpaste. The procedures described in this guide can be used to guide product development within a manufacturer and can be used to communicate information regarding the product to the consumer through the media or on product packaging.5.2 Additionally, language and ideas from two additional ASTM sensory guides (Guides E1490 and E2082) as well as the Lexicon for Sensory Evaluation: Aroma, Flavor, Texture, and Appearance (DS72)4 are used throughout this guide.1.1 This guide provides guidelines for the selection and training of expert assessors for the sensory evaluation of toothpaste. Sensory evaluation of toothpaste can be used to define the sensory attributes of toothpaste and then to measure these attributes quantitatively for the purposes of new product development, product optimization, competitive benchmarking, and claims substantiation.1.2 A general framework for toothpaste descriptive analysis is provided to guide the reader in the design and execution (including sample preparation and presentation, facility and testing environment, and specific evaluation protocol) of toothpaste descriptive analysis evaluations.1.3 This guide provides suggested protocols and approaches to the evaluation of toothpaste (dentifrice) and in no way excludes any alternate approaches that may be effective in providing such perceptual evaluations.1.4 This guide does not address other oral care products including, but not limited to, whitening agents, oral rinses, mouthwashes, toothbrushes, dental flosses, denture adhesive, floss picks, or other oral care products.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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