This specification establishes the basic requirements and corresponding test methods for polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT) SDR 9 tubing that is outside diameter controlled, and pressure rated for water at specific temperatures. The tubing produced under this specification shall be permitted for use in general fluid transport, including hydronics and irrigations systems. The plastic used to make the tubing shall be virgin plastic or reworked plastic and shall have Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) long-term hydrostatic design stress and pressure ratings as the specified temperatures. When evaluated by the test procedures provided herein, the tubing shall meet specified requirements for workmanship, dimensions such as outside diameter and wall thickness, sustained pressure, burst pressure, oxidative resistance, and bent tubes. Quality assurance and product marking methods are also considered.1.1 This specification establishes requirements for polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT) systems for non-potable water applications. System components include PE-RT SDR 9 tubing, manifolds, fittings, valves and other appurtenances, and mechanical and fusion joining. PE-RT tubing is pressure rated for water at 73 °F (23 °C) and 180 °F (82 °C), and optionally 140 °F (60 °C). Included are requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions and tolerances, product tests, and markings, and an optional barrier layer. Fittings include mechanical insert fittings and fusion fittings.1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3.1 Values in parentheses are appropriately rounded for accuracy and precision and are not exact equivalents.1.4 The tubing systems produced under this specification are intended for use in the transport of non-potable water such as hydronic and irrigation systems.1.4.1 PE-RT tubing containing an outside surface or mid-wall gas barrier layer or both is acceptable.1.4.2 PE-RT systems under this standard are not intended for use in the transport of potable water. See Specification F2769 for PE-RT potable water distribution systems.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 This practice is intended for the application of online, full-flow, or slip-stream sampling of wear debris via inductive sensors for gearbox and drivetrain applications.5.2 Periodic sampling and analysis of lubricants have long been used as a means to determine overall machinery health. The implementation of smaller oil filter pore sizes for machinery has reduced the effectiveness of sampled oil analysis for determining abnormal wear prior to severe damage. In addition, sampled oil analysis for equipment that is remote or otherwise difficult to monitor or access is not always sufficient or practical. For these machinery systems, in-line wear debris sensors can be very useful to provide real-time and near-real-time condition monitoring data.5.3 Online inductive debris sensors have demonstrated the capability to detect and quantify both ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic metallic wear debris (1, 2). These sensors record metallic wear debris according to size, count, and type (ferromagnetic or non-ferromagnetic). Sensors can be fitted to virtually any lubricating system. The sensors are particularly effective for the protection of rolling element bearings and gears in critical machine applications. Bearings are key elements in machines since their failure often leads to significant secondary damage that can adversely affect safety, operational availability, operational/maintenance costs, or combinations thereof.5.4 The key advantage of online metallic debris sensors is the ability to detect early bearing and gear damage and to quantify the severity of damage and rate of progression toward failure. Sensor capabilities are summarized as follows:5.4.1 Can detect both ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic metallic wear debris.5.4.2 Can detect 95 % or more of metallic wear debris above some minimum particle size threshold.5.4.3 Can count and size wear debris detected.5.4.4 Can provide total mass loss.NOTE 1: Mass is an inferred value which assumes the debris is spherical and made of a specific grade of steel.5.4.5 Can provide algorithms for RUL warnings and limits.5.5 Fig. 1 (5) presents a widely used diagram to describe the progress of metallic wear debris release from normal to catastrophic failure. This figure summarizes metallic wear debris observations from all the different wear modes that can range from polishing, rubbing, abrasion, adhesion, grinding, scoring, pitting, spalling, and so forth. As mentioned in numerous references (6-12), the predominant failure mode of rolling element bearings is spalling or macro pitting. When a bearing spalls, the contact stresses increase and cause more fatigue cracks to form within the bearing subsurface material. The propagation of existing subsurface cracks and creation of new subsurface cracks causes ongoing deterioration of the material that causes it to become a roughened contact surface as illustrated in Fig. 2. This deterioration process produces large numbers of metallic wear debris with a typical size range from 40 μm to 1000 μm or greater. Thus, rotating machines, such as wind turbine gearboxes, which contain rolling element bearings and gears made from hard steel, tend to produce this kind of large metallic wear debris that eventually leads to failure of the machines.FIG. 1 Wear Debris CharacterizationFIG. 2 Typical Bearing Spall5.6 Online wear debris monitoring provides a more reliable and timely indication of bearing distress for a number of reasons.5.6.1 Firstly, bearing failures on rotating machines tend to occur as events often without sufficient warning and could be missed by means of only periodic inspections or data sampling observations.5.6.2 Secondly, because larger wear metallic debris particles are being detected, there is a lower probability of false indication from the normal rubbing wear that will be associated with smaller particles. And because wear metal debris particles are larger than the filter media, detections are time correlated to wear events and not obscured by unfiltered small particles.5.6.3 Thirdly, build or residual debris, from manufacturing or maintenance actions, can be differentiated from actual damage debris because the cumulative debris counts recorded due to the former tend to decrease, while those due to the latter tend to increase.5.6.4 Fourthly, bearing failure tests have shown that wear debris size distribution is independent of bearing size (2, 3, 6, 12, 13).1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements for an online inductive sensor system to monitor ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic metallic wear debris present in in-service lubricating fluids residing in gearboxes and drivetrains.1.2 Metallic wear debris considered in this practice can range in size from 40 μm to greater than 1000 μm of equivalent spherical diameter (ESD).1.3 This practice is suitable for use with the following lubricants: industrial gear oils, petroleum crankcase oils, polyalkylene glycol, polyol esters, and phosphate esters.1.4 This practice is for metallic wear debris detection, not oil cleanliness.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5.1 Exception—Subsection 7.7 uses “G’s”.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification covers dipped goods and coatings made from compounded latex. Products manufactured from this material include boots, coated clips, coated sponge parts, and coated fabrics for automotive applications.1.2 The compounds listed in Tables 1 and 2 are grouped in classifications based primarily on physical properties, which are prescribed in the tables. These values, together with any additional requirements indicated by suffix letters in the grade designations as described in Section 2, define the properties of the compounds after vulcanization. These values apply to test specimens obtained from standard laboratory-dipped films prepared in accordance with procedures described in the applicable ASTM methods. Test results from finished products may not duplicate the values obtained from standard test films. When differences due to the difficulty in obtaining suitable test specimens from the finished part arise, the purchaser and the supplier may agree on acceptable deviations. This can be done by comparing results obtained on standard test films with those obtained on actual parts.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

4.1 The ability of a plastic material to resist deterioration of its electrical, mechanical, and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat, and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of daylight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena, such as, atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.4.2 Caution—Variations in results are possible when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all references to the use of this practice must be accompanied by a report prepared in accordance with Section 9 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.NOTE 2: Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, and data analysis of laboratory-accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.6,7 Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known performance (a control) at the same time as the test materials is strongly recommended. It is preferable that the number of specimens of the control material be the same as that used for test materials. It is recommended that at least three replicates of each material be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results.4.4 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G155. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, freedom from salts or other deposits from water, temperature and humidity control, and condition and age of the lamp and filters.1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for xenon-arc exposure of plastics conducted in accordance with Practices G151 and G155. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions best suited for plastics, and the evaluation of test results.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: This practice and ISO 4892-2 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification covers additive manufacturing of parts manufactured via laser beam powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) processing of Grade 4340 (UNS G43400) used in transportation applications, including automotive applications. Parts made using this processing method require heat treatment to achieve maximum strength and are typically used in applications that require mechanical properties similar to wrought Grade 4340 (UNS G43400) products. Products built to this specification may require additional post-processing in the form of machining, polishing etc. to meet necessary surface finish and dimensional tolerances.1.2 This specification describes the required facility, training, equipment, and processing requirements necessary to support the production of parts with properties and associated quality metrics outlined in a part classification structure.1.3 This specification is intended for the use of purchasers or producers, or both, of PBF-LB Grade 4340 (UNS G43400) parts for defining the requirements based on classification methodology. These requirements shall be agreed upon by the part supplier and purchaser.1.4 Users are advised to use this specification as a basis for obtaining parts that will meet the minimum acceptance requirements established and revised by consensus of committee members.1.5 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by additional requirements in the purchase order.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This specification establishes some the key factors which govern the interpretation of videoborescoping tubular products for a specific application. It is recognized that the requirements for one application may be very different than those of another. Therefore, the specification allows for the inspection to be customized for the application by the user by allowing the purchaser to specify parameters which may be important for the application.1.1 This standard covers guidelines for ordering and examining tubular products for sanitary applications by videoborescoping. This method uses movable camera probe at the end of a cable to examine the interior of a tubular product. The image is then transmitted to an external monitor for analysis. The method is normally used when inside surface imperfections, not normally detected by other nondestructive methods, may result in contamination of the product which is contained by the tubular product.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers the pipe materials and dimensions for producing non-reinforced extruded tee connections manufactured by mechanical forming processes. The term “extruded tee connection” applies to butt-weld or socket-weld connections. The non-reinforced extruded pipe tee connection is an alternative to the tee fittings, nozzle, and other welded connections. The non-reinforced extruded pipe tee connection has been widely used for systems in the marine, process piping, food, pharmaceutical, and similar industries. Different materials that have acceptable forming qualities to produce extruded tee connections shall consist of copper, copper-nickel alloy, titanium, steel, and stainless steel. The extruded tee connection shall be free from burrs and cracks, which would affect the suitability for the intended service.1.1 This specification covers the pipe materials and dimensions for producing non-reinforced extruded tee connections manufactured by mechanical forming processes. The term “extruded tee connection” applies to butt-weld or socket-weld connections. This specification refers to the forming process that leads to welding or brazing.1.2 The non-reinforced extruded pipe tee connection is an alternative to the tee fittings, nozzle, and other welded connections.1.3 The non-reinforced extruded pipe tee connection has been widely used for systems in the marine, process piping, food, pharmaceutical, and similar industries.1.4 The extruded tee connection will be welded in accordance with Specification F722. Brazing of tee connections will be in accordance with ASME B31.5.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

This specification covers the material and dimensional requirements applicable to lap joint flange pipe ends that are manufactured by a mechanical forming process, and are widely used for low-pressure systems in the marine, process piping, and similar industries. Materials having acceptable forming qualities to produce lap joint ends are copper, copper-nickel, titanium, carbon steel, and stainless steel. The lap joint flange pipe connections shall be produced in accordance with accepted shop practices, and shall be free from burrs and cracks that would affect their suitability for intended service.1.1 This specification covers the pipe material and wall thickness applicable to lap joint flange pipe ends, manufactured by a mechanical forming process.1.2 The lap joint flange connection has been widely used for low-pressure systems in the marine, process piping, and similar industries.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers requirements and test methods for annular, corrugated profile wall polyethylene pipe and fittings with an interior liner. The pipe and blow-molded fittings shall be made of virgin PE plastic compound having a cell classification 435400C or 435400 and its carbon black content shall not exceed 4 %. Compounds used in the manufacture of rotationally molded fittings and couplings shall be virgin PE having a cell classification of 213320C or 213320E and its carbon black content shall not exceed 4%. On the other hand, compounds used in the manufacture of injection molded fittings and couplings shall be made of virgin PE plastic compound having a cell classification 414420C or 414420E and its carbon black content shall not exceed 4 %. Different tests and measurements shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of pipes: inside diameter, length, minimum inner-liner thickness, perforations, stiffness, flattening, and impact resistance. The pipe and fittings shall be homogeneous throughout and be as uniform as commercially practical in color, opacity, and density. The pipe walls shall be free of cracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, or other defects that are visible to the naked eye and that may affect the wall integrity. The ends shall be cut cleanly and squarely. Holes intentionally placed in perforated pipe are acceptable.1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for annular, corrugated profile wall polyethylene pipe and fittings with an interior liner. The nominal inside diameters covered are 300 mm to 1500 mm [12 in. to 60 in.].1.2 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide pipe and fittings for underground use for non-pressure gravity-flow storm sewer and subsurface drainage systems.NOTE 1: Pipe and fittings produced in accordance with this specification shall be installed in compliance with Practice D2321.1.3 This specification covers pipe and fittings with an interior liner using a corrugated exterior profile (Fig. 1).FIG. 1 Typical Annular Corrugated Pipe Profile1.4 The products manufactured under this standard use either virgin or recycled (post-industrial or post-consumer) materials in accordance with the requirements specified for each.1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This practice covers the structural design of reinforcement for fittings in factory-made, round corrugated steel pipe, conforming to Specifications A760/A760M or A762/A762M, for use as storm and sanitary sewers and other buried applications. This practice is for fittings on pipe installed in a trench or embankment and subjected to earth loads and live loads. It must be recognized that a buried corrugated pipe is a composite structure made up of the steel ring and the soil envelope, and both elements play a vital part. Both main and branch pipe shall be designed in accordance with Practice A796/A796M and installed in accordance with Practice A798/A798M.1.2 This practice covers the structural design of reinforcement for fittings such as those for branch pipes. Refer to Section 5 for design limitations.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 The primary advantage of a mutual inductance bridge is its ability to make wall thickness measurements quickly. Since surface contaminants (ash and slag) are not ferromagnetic, they do not interfere with the electromagnetic measurement. As a result, the surface requires no preparation. Since a wide variety of steels are employed in a boiler, an in-situ standardization using the material under measurement as the reference is adequate.1.1 This guide describes a procedure for obtaining relative wall thickness indications in ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic steels using the mutual inductance bridge method. The procedure is intended for use with instruments capable of inducing two substantially identical magnetic fields and noting the change in inductance resulting from differing amounts of steel. It is used to distinguish acceptable wall thickness conditions from those which could place tubular vessels or piping at risk of bursting under high temperature and pressure conditions.1.2 This guide is intended to satisfy two general needs for users of industrial Mutual Inductance Bridge (MIB) equipment: (1) the need for a tutorial guide addressing the general principles of Mutual Inductance Bridges as they apply to industrial piping; and (2) the need for a consistent set of MIB performance parameter definitions, including how these performance parameters relate to MIB system specifications. Potential users and buyers, as well as experienced MIB examiners, will find this guide a useful source of information for determining the suitability of MIB for particular examination problems, for predicting MIB system performance in new situations, and for developing and prescribing new scan procedures.1.3 This guide does not specify test objects and test procedures for comparing the relative performance of different MIB systems; nor does it treat electromagnetic examination techniques, such as the best selection of scan parameters, the preferred implementation of scan procedures, the analysis of image data to extract wall thickness information, or the establishment of accept/reject criteria for a new object.1.4 Standard practices and methods are not within the purview of this guide. The reader is advised, however, that examination practices are generally part and application specific, and industrial MIB usage is new enough that in many instances a consensus has not yet emerged. The situation is complicated further by the fact that MIB system hardware and performance capabilities are still undergoing significant evolution and improvement. Consequently, an attempt to address generic examination procedures is eschewed in favor of providing a thorough treatment of the principles by which examination methods can be developed or existing ones revised.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification establishes the minimum requirements for the mechanical design, manufacture, inspection and testing of circular metallic bellows-type expansion joints used to absorb the dimensional changes resulting from piping thermal expansion or contraction, as well as the movements of terminal equipment and supporting structures. This specification indicates the ordering information for each expansion joint, such as the dimensional limitations, internal liner, end fittings, and flow medium. It also identifies the quality workmanship requirements, materials needed for manufacture, and other possible requirements.1.1 This specification establishes the minimum requirements for the mechanical design, manufacture, inspection and testing of circular metallic bellows-type expansion joints used to absorb the dimensional changes resulting from piping thermal expansion or contraction, as well as the movements of terminal equipment and supporting structures.1.2 Additional or better features, over and above the minimum requirements set by this specification, are not prohibited by this specification.1.3 The layout of many piping systems provides inherent flexibility through natural changes in direction so that any displacements produce primarily bending or torsional strains, within acceptable limits. Where the system lacks this inherent flexibility the designer should then consider adding flexibility through the use of metallic bellows-type expansion joints.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers a 100 % middle distillate fuel oil with no residual fuel oil contamination for use in military marine (non-aviation gas turbine engines, compression ignition/diesel engines, and other non-automotive applications) and emergency generator applications (military or commercial). Specimens shall be suitably sampled and tested, and accordingly conform to specified values of the following requirements: ash content; carbon residue (10 % distillation residue); cetane number or index; cloud point; copper corrosion rating; density; 90 % distillation point; flash point; storage stability; sulfur content; kinematic viscosity; and water and sediment content.1.1 This specification covers a 100 % middle distillate fuel oil with no residual fuel oil contamination for use in military marine applications (non-aviation gas turbine engines, compression ignition/diesel engines, and other non-automotive applications), and emergency generator applications (military or commercial).1.2 This specification, unless otherwise provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, prescribes the required properties of middle distillate fuel at the time and place of delivery. Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations that may be more restrictive.1.3 During handling and use of all middle distillate fuels, the generation and dissipation of static electricity can create fire and explosion hazards. For more information on this subject see Guide D 4865.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

3.1 The purpose of this standard is to facilitate communication and promote common understanding within the professionals in radiation processing research and industry.3.2 Unambiguous communication of concepts is crucial taking into account the relevant implications that may arise from misunderstandings with regard to equipment and materials involved in the standards dealing with any subject regarding radiation processing activities. Concepts dealing with dosimetry related to radiation processing and procedures for preparation, testing, and using dosimetry systems to determine the absorbed dose are present in all standards developed by E61 and ISO/TC85/WG3 and need to be designated by common terms and described by harmonized definitions in order to avoid misunderstandings.1.1 This terminology standard lists terms and definitions related to radiation processing concepts, especially radiation dose measurements. Use of this standard, and the common terminology, will foster clearer communication, and remove ambiguity.1.2 The use of ionizing radiation for the treatment of commercial products such as the sterilization of medical devices, the reduction of microbial contamination in food or the modification of polymers is referred to as radiation processing. The types of radiation used may be gamma radiation (typically from cobalt-60 sources), X-radiation or accelerated electrons.1.3 This standard provides terms and definitions for dosimetry for radiation processing concepts dealing with procedures related to operational qualification, performance qualification, and routine processing that may influence absorbed dose in the products, and types of dosimetry systems that may be used during calibration or on a routine basis as part of quality assurance in commercial radiation processing of products.1.4 When selecting terms and definitions, special care has been taken to include the terms that need to be defined, that is to say, either because the definitions are essential to the correct understanding of the corresponding concepts or because some specific ambiguities need to be addressed.1.5 The “Discussion” appended to certain definitions offers clarification or examples to facilitate understanding of the concepts described. In certain cases, miscellaneous information is also included, for example, the units in which a quantity is normally measured, recommended parameter values, references, etc.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers the design, manufacture, and testing of ball joints utilized for accommodating thermal expansion and contraction, or mechanical movement of a pipeline carrying fluid. Ball joints shall be designed to conform to the requirements prescribed. Flex cycle test, thermal cycling test, and hydrostatic test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed.1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture, and testing of ball joints utilized for accommodating thermal expansion and contraction, or mechanical movement of a pipeline carrying fluid. The ball joints are intended for use in systems operating above 0 °F (18 °C).1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车