5.1 Flexible barrier materials are universally used across industries and produced by a myriad of suppliers. They may be monolayer materials or complex composite structures. However, even with the diversity of material, there are still basic requirements that all flexible barrier materials should exhibit.5.2 Flexible barrier material requirements may be divided into two categories, initial material qualification, and routine production and receipt requirements to ensure the purchaser receives exactly what is ordered. While all requirements may be included in the written specification, initial qualification tests may only be needed prior to the first order. Routine production and receipt requirements should be adhered to on every order. Initial qualification requirements are indicated with each clause, where applicable.5.3 This guide provides an understanding of the requirements needed for the manufacture, purchase, and acceptance of flexible barrier materials. Appropriate test methods for compliance are also cited.NOTE 1: All test methods for a particular requirement may not be cited due to specific or unique circumstances. For additional guidance on applicable methods, refer to Guide F2097.5.4 The specification and its requirements should be mutually agreed to by the supplier and purchaser of the product. This helps ensure that the flexible barrier materials will comply with the specified requirements.1.1 This guide defines the requirements and considerations for flexible barrier materials.1.2 This guide addresses some critical printing requirements for flexible barrier materials.1.3 Guidance is provided on specification requirements and considerations for flexible barrier materials intended to be purchased as rollstock.1.4 If the flexible barrier material is intended to be purchased in the form of a pre-made sterile barrier system, Guide F2559 should be referenced.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification details the minimum property, design and construction requirements for flexible removable and reusable blanket insulation for hot service of above ambient temperatures. Insulation must be one of the following flexible fibrous materials acceptable for the maximum temperature of service: high temperature fiber blanket of any type or grade; needled glass fiber mechanically bonded felt; and mineral fiber blanket of the type suitable for the application. The material for the outer jacket liner and straps, where used, shall either be plain woven glass fiber fabric or that which has been treated with a water resistant compound such as silicone or fluorocarbon, and conforms with the following requirements: minimum weight; breaking strength; tear strength; burst strength; abrasion resistance; color; temperature resistance; and flame resistance.1.1 This specification addresses the minimum requirements for materials and fabrication of flexible removable and reusable blanket insulation for hot service, from above ambient temperatures to 1000°F (538°C).1.2 This specification separately addresses industrial applications, outdoor commercial applications, and indoor commercial applications. Blanket insulation for industrial applications and outdoor commercial applications must be weather resistant and resistant to liquid chemicals. Blanket insulation for indoor commercial applications is limited to 500°F (260°C) maximum use temperature, is not required to be either weather resistant or resistant to chemicals, and is typically used for HVAC, plumbing, and other light grade indoor piping systems that distribute steam or water, or both.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method identifies the changes in hydraulic conductivity as a result of freeze-thaw on natural soils only.4.2 It is the user's responsibility when using this test method to determine the appropriate water content of the laboratory-compacted specimens (that is, dry, wet, or at optimum water content) (Note 2).NOTE 2: It is common practice to construct clay liners and covers at optimum or greater than optimum water content. Specimens compacted dry of optimum water content typically do not contain larger pore sizes as a result of freeze-thaw because the effects of freeze-thaw are minimized by the lack of water in the sample. Therefore, the effect of freeze-thaw on the hydraulic conductivity is minimal, or the hydraulic conductivity may increase slightly.34.3 The requestor must provide information regarding the effective stresses to be applied during testing, especially for determining the final hydraulic conductivity. Using high effective stresses (that is, 35 kPa [5 psi] as allowed by Test Method D5084) can decrease an already increased hydraulic conductivity resulting in lower final hydraulic conductivity values. The long-term effect of freeze-thaw on the hydraulic conductivity of compacted soils is unknown. The increased hydraulic conductivity caused by freeze-thaw may be temporary. For example, the overburden pressure imparted by the waste placed on a soil liner in a landfill after being subjected to freeze-thaw may reduce the size of the cracks and pores that cause the increase in hydraulic conductivity. It is not known if the pressure would overcome the macroscopically increased hydraulic conductivity sufficiently to return the soil to its original hydraulic conductivity (prior to freeze-thaw). For cases such as landfill covers, where the overburden pressure is low, the increase in hydraulic conductivity due to freeze-thaw will likely be permanent. Thus, the requestor must take the application of the test method into account when establishing the effective stress.4.4 The specimen(s) shall be frozen to −15°C [5°F] unless the requestor specifically dictates otherwise. It has been documented by Othman, et al3 that the initial (that is, 0 to −15°C [32°F to 5°F]) freezing condition causes the most significant effects in hydraulic conductivity. Freezing rate and ultimate temperature should mimic the field conditions. It has been shown that superfreezing (that is, freezing the specimen at very cold temperatures and very short time periods) produces erroneous results.4.5 The thawed specimen temperature and thaw rate shall mimic field conditions. Thawing specimens in an oven (that is, overheating) will produce erroneous results.4.6 According to Othman, et al3 the effects of freeze-thaw usually occur by Cycle 10, thus it is recommended that at least 10 freeze-thaw cycles shall be performed to ensure that the full effects of freeze-thaw are measured. If the hydraulic conductivity values are still increasing after 10 freeze-thaw cycles, the test method shall be continued (that is, more freeze-thaw cycles shall be performed).NOTE 3: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 These test methods cover laboratory measurement of the effect of freeze-thaw on the hydraulic conductivity of compacted or intact soil specimens using Test Method D5084 and a flexible wall permeameter to determine hydraulic conductivity. These test methods do not provide steps to perform sampling of, or testing of, in situ soils that have already been subjected to freeze-thaw conditions. Test Method A uses a specimen for each hydraulic conductivity determination that is subjected to freeze/thaw while Test Method B uses one specimen for the entire test method (that is, the same specimen is used for each hydraulic conductivity).1.2 These test methods may be used with intact specimens (block or thin-walled) or laboratory compacted specimens and shall be used for soils that have an initial hydraulic conductivity less than or equal to 1E-5 m/s [3.94 E-4 in./s] (1E-3 cm/s) (Note 1).NOTE 1: The maximum initial hydraulic conductivity is given as 1 E-5 m/s [3.94 E-4 in./s]. This should also apply to the final hydraulic conductivity. It is expected that if the initial hydraulic conductivity is 1 E-5 m/s (3.94 E-4 in./s), then the final hydraulic conductivity will not change (increase) significantly (that is, greater than 1 E-5 m/s) (3.94 E-4 in./s).1.3 Soil specimens tested using this test method can be subjected to three-dimensional freeze-thaw (herein referred to as 3-d) or one-dimensional freeze-thaw (herein referred to as 1-d). (For a discussion of one-dimensional freezing versus three-dimensional freezing, refer to Zimmie and LaPlante or Othman, et al.2, 3)1.4 Soil specimens tested using this test method can be tested in a closed system (that is, no access to an external supply of water during freezing) or an open system.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of the test methods ro consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units or inch-pound units (presented in brackets) are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

EAIs may have design features such as coiled metal sheaths, pivoting joints, opposed surfaces, and internal lumens or wires which make visual inspection for cleanliness difficult if not impossible.By nature of their design requirements, EAIs are more difficult to reprocess than many other types of medical instruments.Because EAIs are used to diagnose and treat disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, care must be taken to ensure that only patient-ready devices are used for examination.The use of EAIs in patients having diagnosed or suspected infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is not contraindicated. Further, EAIs need not be dedicated for use only in these patients.Persons responsible for reprocessing must understand the specifications, nomenclature, function of component parts, and interior design of EAIs in order to render them patient-ready.Persons responsible for reprocessing EAIs should follow this practice and associated labeling and instructions from manufacturers after each endoscopic procedure to ensure that the EAI will be patient-ready.Reprocessing of EAIs should be the specific responsibility of appropriately trained personnel. Temporary employees without the requisite training should not be given these responsibilities.The responsibility for reprocessing of EAIs should not be delegated from person to person unless each has the appropriate training for the position.Reprocessing personnel should have the ability to read, understand, and implement instructions from manufacturers and regulatory agencies as they relate to EAI reprocessing.Reprocessing personnel should have the opportunity to become completely familiar with the mechanical aspects of the devices. They may gain this knowledge through study of the manufacturer's information and demonstration by representatives.Reprocessing personnel should be made fully aware of the potential chemical and infectious hazards for patients and health care personnel associated with the reprocessing of EAIs. Training should include:A thorough background in infection control principles and concepts based on written in-house infection control procedures.A thorough background regarding the potential for negative patient outcomes resulting from lapses in compliance with written reprocessing guidelines,Familiarization with Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations and in-house policies regarding the appropriate and safe handling of chemical reprocessing agents and equipment used during reprocessing of EAIs, andInformation on the safe handling of EAIs contaminated with patient tissue and fluids after use, including familiarization with principles and practices of standard (universal) precautions.Note 1—Although healthcare workers and patients may benefit from adhering to the regulatory guidelines issued by federal and state OSHA agencies, these guidelines are directed only toward healthcare worker safety and health. They may not be sufficiently inclusive for optimum safety and health of patients. Therefore, contemporary infection control guidelines should be consulted in addition to OSHA guidelines.This practice is not intended to replace the reprocessing instruction provided by the manufacturers of EAIs or suggest specific equipment or chemical reagents to be used for reprocessing. Rather, it is to be used together with manufacturers' instructions that provide specific instructions for specific products. See Appendix X1.1.This practice is not intended to cover endoscopic techniques, patient care, or other medical aspects of flexible endoscopy.This practice does not include instruction for reprocessing flexible endoscopes.1.1 This practice covers reusable, heat-stable endoscopic accessory instruments (EAI) designed to be inserted into flexible endoscopes and clearly defined in the user instructions as devices intended for reuse among patients. The EAIs covered by this practice may or may not have lumens or loosely joined surfaces, may or may not have access ports for flushing, and may or may not be capable of being completely disassembled prior to reprocessing.1.2 This practice is not intended to be applied to the reprocessing of single-use, disposable EAIs specifically designed and labeled as such by their manufacturers.1.3 This practice is not intended to address reprocessing of heat-sensitive EAIs, for example, those not capable of withstanding heat sterilization. Reprocessing of each heat-sensitive EAI must be considered on an individual basis according to specific instructions from the manufacturers of the EAI and the low-temperature sterilization device.1.4 This practice is intended to complement, not replace, the instructions provided by product manufacturers. EAI manufacturers should provide properly validated instruction and labeling necessary for users to understand the basic design, specifications, nomenclature, and components of specific accessories and to properly inspect, prepare, use, reprocess, and store these instruments.1.5 Endoscopic technique and the medical aspects of endoscopy are not covered in this practice.1.6 This practice details the basic steps necessary to reprocess a heat-stable EAI and render it patient-ready.1.7 A patient-ready EAI is one that has been thoroughly cleaned using a validated cleaning procedure, rinsed with water to remove residual detergent, lubricated (if necessary) and drained to remove excess lubricant, dried, packaged, heat sterilized and stored to prevent from being compromised sterility before use.1.8 This practice describes only manual reprocessing and does not address cleaning of an EAI by an automated reprocessing device.1.9 To ensure the proper adherence to this practice, reprocessing personnel should meet certain requirements as specified in 5.5 to 5.7.1.10 This practice does not address the steps necessary for the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes (see Practice F 1518).1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers axially unrestrained bell-and-spigot gasket joints including couplings required for machine-made "fiberglass" (glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin) pipe systems, 8 in. (200 mm) through 144 in. (3700 mm), using flexible elastomeric seals to obtain soundness. The pipe systems may be pressure or nonpressure systems for water or for chemicals or gases that are not deleterious to the materials specified in this specification. The gasket shall be a continuous elastomeric ring of circular or other geometric cross section and shall meet the prescribed specifications. The gasket shall be subject to vacuum or external pressure test and shear loading test.1.1 This specification covers axially unrestrained bell-and-spigot gasket joints including couplings required for machine-made “fiberglass” (glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin) pipe systems, 8 in. (200 mm) through 156 in. (4000 mm), using flexible elastomeric seals to obtain soundness. The pipe systems may be pressure (typically up to 250 psi) or nonpressure systems for water or for chemicals or gases that are not deleterious to the materials specified in this specification. This specification covers materials, dimensions, test requirements, and methods of test.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.NOTE 1: There is a similar but technically different ISO Standard (ISO 8639).1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification describes the properties of devices or assemblies suitable for use as flexible transition couplings for underground drainage and sewer piping systems. Couplings that may include bushings or inserts, and meet the requirements of this specification are suitable for joining plain end pipe or fittings. Couplings shall be permitted to have a center stop, the components shall be designed so that the elastomeric material is compressed to form a hydrostatic seal when the joint is assembled. Assemblies shall be tested in different areas and each component shall conform to specified physical and mechanical requirements, namely: hardness, tensile strength, elongation, heat aging, hardness, ozone resistance, water absorption, and chemical resistance for the elastomeric materials; tension band performance, torque resistance, free running torque for the stainless steel materials; and deflection sealing resistance, and shear loading resistance for the joint assemblies.1.1 This specification describes the properties of devices or assemblies suitable for use as flexible transition couplings, hereinafter referred to as “couplings,” for underground drainage and sewer piping systems.1.2 Flexible transition couplings that conform to the requirements of this standard are suitable for joining plain-end pipe or fittings. The pipe to be joined shall be of similar or dissimilar materials, size, or both.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 The ASTM standards referenced herein shall be considered mandatory.1.5 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of another comparable standard for materials covered in this standard.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This guide applies to flexible closed cell insulation tubing and sheet materials manufactured according to Specifications C534 and C1427. This standard is intended to provide a basic guide for installing these types of materials.5.2 Confirm application use temperature is consistent with specified use temperature for material as defined in ASTM Specifications unless otherwise agreed upon with the manufacturer. There are different grades for each of the insulation types referred to in this guide, material and grade installed should be that specified.5.3 This guide is not intended to cover all aspects associated with installation for all applications, consult the National, Commercial Industrial Insulation Standards (MICA Manual) or the specific product manufacturer for recommendations, or both. See ASHRAE Handbook (Fundamentals – Chapter 23) and ASHRAE Handbook (Refrigeration – Chapter 10).1.1 This guide covers recommended installation techniques for flexible closed cell pre-formed insulation in tube or sheet form. This guide is applicable to materials manufactured in accordance with Specification C534 (Elastomeric based insulation) or Specification C1427 (polyolefin based insulation). The materials covered in this guide encompass a service temperature of –297 to 300°F (–183 to 150°C) as indicated in the material specifications referenced above. Many of the recommendations made are specific to below ambient applications only.1.2 The purpose of this guide is to optimize the thermal performance and longevity of installed closed cell flexible insulation systems. By following this guide, the owner, and designer can expect to achieve the energy savings expected and prevention of condensation under the specified design conditions. This document is limited to installation procedures and does not encompass system design.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This provisional test method covers procedures for determining the relative permeability (also referred to as coefficient of permeability) of water saturated laboratory compacted specimens or field cores of compacted bituminous paving mixtures using a flexible wall permeameter.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 Provisional standards achieve limited consensus through approval of the sponsoring subcommittee.1.4 This standard is being developed as a provisional standard because the subcommittee feels that the issuance and subsequent usage of this standard method will be critical in the refinement of the standard in the future.1.5 This provisional standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification establishes requirements for chemically blown cellular rubber. Cellular rubber may be classified into two types: Type I which is open cell or sponge rubber and Type II which is closed cell or expanded rubber. Both types are divided into three grades: Grade A which is oil-and flame-resistant, Grade B which has no requirements for oil ,flame resistance, or low temperature, and Grade C which is low-temperature resistant. Each type and class has been divided into three different conditions. Each condition is based on a specific range of firmness as expressed by compression deflection as follows: super soft, soft, soft-medium, medium, medium-firm, and firm conditions. Several tests shall be performed in order to determine the following physical properties of cellular rubber: compression deflection, low-temperature resistance, accelerated aging, recovery, flame resistance, shrinkage, water absorption, oil aging, and color.1.1 This specification establishes requirements for chemically blown cellular rubber.1.2 In the case of conflict between the provisions of this specification and those of detailed specifications or test methods for a particular product, the latter shall take precedence.1.3 Unless specifically stated otherwise, by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, all test methods shall be performed in accordance with the test methods specified in this specification.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 There is no known ISO equivalent to this specification.NOTE 1: This specification was revised using the updated test methods and specifications in the latest version of Specification D1056.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

AbstractThese specifications provides the manufacture and testing, as well as individual design, electrical, mechanical, and workmanship requirements for a system of flexible insulated temporary bypass jumpers used on energized power lines and equipment. These specifications for a system of bypass jumpers are covered in four parts as follows: clamps for bypass jumpers; ferrules for bypass jumpers; cable for bypass jumpers; and bypass jumpers (complete assembly with clamps, ferrules, and cable). The use and maintenance of these equipments are not addressed in these specifications.1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and testing of flexible insulated temporary By-Pass jumpers (By-Pass jumpers) used on energized power lines and equipment.1.2 It is common practice for the user of this protective equipment to prepare complete instructions and safety regulations to govern in detail the correct and safe use of such equipment. Also see 4.2.1.3 The use and maintenance of this equipment are beyond the scope of this specification.1.4 This specification for a system of By-Pass jumpers is covered in four parts as follows:Title SectionsClamps for By-Pass Jumpers 5 – 17Ferrules for By-Pass Jumpers 18 – 31Cable for By-Pass Jumpers 32 – 40By-Pass Jumpers (complete assembly with clamps, ferrules, and cable) 41 – 551.5 Each of the four parts is an entity of itself, but is listed as a part of the system for completeness and clarification.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. See IEEE/ASTM SI 10.1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions, Sections 13, 26, 48, and 55 of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 These practices facilitate the determination of laboratory heat sealability of flexible barrier materials. While it is necessary to have a heat seal layer that provides adequate seal strength for the application, other material properties, such as the overall construction and thickness, will impact the sealing properties of the material. These practices allow the impact of changes in material properties on heat sealability to be measured.4.2 Due to differences between a laboratory sealer and manufacturing equipment (for example, scale, size of sealing area, and processing speed), there may be a significant difference between the capability and output of a laboratory heat sealer and that of manufacturing equipment. Hence, care must be taken when applying a heat seal curve study as outlined in these practices to manufacturing equipment. The heat seal curve and the corresponding seal strength data are intended to provide a starting point for determination of sealing conditions for full scale manufacturing equipment.1.1 These practices cover laboratory preparation of heat seals. These practices also cover the treatment and evaluation of heat seal strength data for the purpose of determining heat sealability of flexible barrier materials. It does not cover the required validation procedures for the production equipment.1.2 Testing of seal strength or other properties of the heat seals formed by these practices is not included in this standard. Refer to Test Method F88 for testing heat seal strength. These practices do not apply to hot tack testing, which is covered in Test Methods F1921.1.3 The practices of this standard are restricted to preparing heat seals using a sealer employing hot-bar or impulse sealing methods, or both.1.4 These practices are intended to assist in establishing starting relationships for sealing flexible barrier materials. Additional guidance may be needed on how to set up sealing conditions for flexible barrier materials on commercial/production sealing equipment.1.5 Seals may be made between webs of the same or dissimilar materials. The individual webs may be homogeneous in structure or multilayered (coextruded, coated, laminated, and so forth).1.6 Strength of the heat seal as measured by Test Method F88 is the sole criterion for assessing heat sealability employed in these practices.1.7 Other aspects of heat sealability, such as seal continuity, typically measured by air-leak, dye penetration, visual examination, microorganism penetration, or other techniques, are not covered by these practices.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

The electrical properties of resin-coated glass fabrics are affected by their temperature and moisture content. For this reason it is necessary to control these properties for a specified time immediately prior to testing in order to attain reasonably good reproducibility of test values. The time of exposure to the conditioning atmosphere must be long enough to permit the test specimen to reach a relatively stable value. Usually the moisture content of these materials has little effect on the mechanical properties.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the testing of resin-coated glass fabrics and glass fabric tapes (Note 1) to be used as electrical insulation.Note 1—Methods of testing varnished cloths and tapes are given in Methods D295.1.2 The warp threads in fabrics are the threads that are parallel with the length dimension as manufactured.1.3 The procedures appear as follows:Procedure Section ASTM TestMethod ReferenceBreaking Strength 22-28 D828Conditioning 6-8 ...Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Di-electric Strength 29-38 D149, D295Dissipation Factor and Relative Permit-tivity 52-60 D150, E104, D5032Effect of Elevated Temperature 39-45 D1830Resistance to Oil 46-51 D3487Sampling 3-5 ...Thermal Endurance 68 D1830Thickness 16-21 D374Thread Count 12-15 ...Weight 9-11 ...Weight Loss at Elevated Temperature 61-67 D54231.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statement are given in 35.1.1 and 58.1.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

1.1 This specification covers material and performance requirements for plasticized PVC compression gaskets used in the connection of residential and commercial vitreous china plumbing fixtures to 2-, 3-, and 4-in. sanitary drain lines. These type gaskets are inserted into and compress against the inside diameter of the sewer pipe, closet or urinal flange while attaching to the vitreous china plumbing fixture with a flexible adhesive. The result is a gas- and watertight seal.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The assembly force of a conduit joining system is one measure of the ease of which the conduit system can be assembled and installed in the field. This test method provides a means by which to quantify the assembly force of gasketed conduit joining systems. The results of the testing can be used to compare and categorize the assembly force of different designs of gasketed conduit joining systems.5.2 This test method is not intended for use as a quality control test.5.3 This test method can be used for comparison of gasketed conduit joining systems on the basis of assembly force. No information about joint sealing performance can be obtained from the use of this test method.5.4 This test method covers all plastic conduit with push-on joints that use flexible elastomeric gaskets located in the bell to provide the joint seal.5.5 This test method is also applicable to all fittings that are fabricated from conduit covered in 5.4 and that utilize the same type of push-on joints as the conduit covered in 5.4, and that are intended for use with the conduit types described in 5.4. For purposes of this test method, assembly force data obtained from the testing of the conduit that is the parent stock of a fitting shall apply to the fitting also.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative force required to assemble plastic underground conduit joints that use flexible elastomeric seals located in the bell.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers a fuel blend, nominally 51 to 83 volume % ethanol for use in ground vehicles equipped with ethanol fuel blend flexible-fuel spark-ignition engines. Ethanol fuel blends, also referred to as “Ethanol Flex Fuel” shall conform to the performance requirements prescribed. Ethanol fuel blends shall be visually free of sediment and suspended matter. The vapour pressure, acidity, pHe requirements, gum content, inorganic chloride, water requirements, copper requirements, and sulphur requirements shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automotive fuel blends of ethanol and gasoline for use in ground vehicles equipped with ethanol fuel blend flexible-fuel spark-ignition engines. Fuel produced to this specification contains 51 % to 83 % by volume ethanol. This fuel is for use in flexible-fuel vehicles and is sometimes referred to at retail as “Ethanol Flex-Fuel.” Appendix X1 discusses the significance of the properties specified.1.2 The vapor pressure of ethanol fuel blends is varied for seasonal climatic changes. Vapor pressure is increased at lower temperatures to ensure adequate flexible-fuel vehicle operability. Ethanol content and selection of hydrocarbon blendstock are adjusted by the blender to meet these vapor pressure requirements.1.3 This specification formerly covered Fuel Ethanol (Ed70-Ed85) for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines, also known commercially as E85. The nomenclature “fuel ethanol” has been changed to “ethanol fuel blends” to distinguish this product from denatured fuel ethanol Specification D4806. To facilitate blending of ethanol fuel blends that meet seasonal vapor pressure requirements, a new lower minimum ethanol content has been established.1.4 The United States government has established various programs for alternative fuels. Many of the definitions of alternative fuel used by these programs may be more restrictive than the requirements of this specification. See 4.1.2.1 for additional information on alternative fuels containing ethanol.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test method portion, 8.1.8, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车