5.1 This practice is intended to regulate the installation of reinforced AAC units and to provide test methods for determining their transverse load-displacement characteristics and load-carrying capacities.1.1 This practice covers the installation and testing of solid, reinforced units made from autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), a cementitious product addressed by Specification C1693. The units are large-sized, factory-reinforced, solid rectangular prisms, laid using thin-bed mortar.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method provides a standardized procedure for evaluating performance of ceramic floor tile installations under conditions similar to actual specific usages. It can be used to make comparisons between customary basic installation methods, to establish the influence of minor changes in a particular installation method, and to judge the merit of proposed novel methods.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of ceramic floor tile installation systems, using the Robinson2-type floor tester.1.2 This test method is intended solely for evaluating complete ceramic floor tile installation systems for failure under dynamic loads and not for evaluating particular characteristics of ceramic tile, such as abrasion resistance. This test method does not claim to provide meaningful results for other than evaluating complete ceramic floor tile installation systems.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric (SI) units in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

A standard recognizes that effectiveness, safety, and durability of a RBS depends not only on the quality of the materials, but also on their proper installation.Improper installation of a RBS can reduce their thermal effectiveness, cause fire risks and other unsafe conditions, and promote deterioration of the structure in which they are installed. Specific hazards that can result from improper installation include fires caused by (1) heat buildup in recessed lighting fixtures, (2) deterioration or failure of electrical wiring components, and (3) deterioration in wood structures and paint failure due to moisture accumulation.This standard provides recommendations for the installation of radiant barrier materials in a safe and effective manner. Actual conditions in existing buildings may vary greatly and in some cases additional care should be taken to ensure safe and effective installation.This standard presents requirements that are general in nature and considered practical. They are not intended as specific recommendations. The user should consult the manufacturer for recommended application methods.1.1 This standard has been prepared for use by the designer, specifier, and installer of RBS (radiant barrier systems) for use in building construction. The scope is limited to recommendations relative to the use and installation of RBS including a surface(s) normally having a far-infrared emittance of 0.1 or less, such as metallic foil or metallic deposits unmounted or mounted on substrates. Some examples that this standard is intended to address include: (1) low emittance surfaces in vented or unvented building envelope cavities intended to retard radiant transfer across the airspace; (2) low emittance surfaces at interior building surfaces intended to retard radiant transfer to or from building inhabitants; and (3) low emittance surfaces at interior building surfaces intended to reduce radiant transfer to or from radiant heating or cooling systems. See for typical examples of use.1.2 This standard covers the installation process from pre-installation inspection through post-installation procedure. It does not cover the production of the radiant barrier materials. (See Specification C1313.)1.3 This standard is not intended to replace the manufacturer's installation instructions, but shall be used in conjunction with such instructions. This practice is not intended to supercede local, state, or federal codes.1.4 This standard assumes that the installer possesses a good working knowledge of the application codes and regulations, safety practices, tools, equipment, and methods necessary for the installation of radiant barrier materials. It also assumes that the installer understands the fundamentals of building construction that affect the installation of RBS.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Sections and .1.5 When the installation or use of radiant barrier materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

4.1 This practice is for use by designers and specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, and inspection organizations involved in the rehabilitation of non-pressure sewers and conduits. As for any practice, modifications may be required for specific job conditions.1.1 This practice describes the procedures for the rehabilitation of sewer lines and conduits by the installation of a field-fabricated PVC liner. After installation of the liner, cementitious grout is injected into the annular space between the liner and the existing sewer or conduit. The rehabilitation of the host structure by this installation practice results in a rigid composite structure (PVC/grout/existing pipe). This rehabilitation process may be used in a variety of gravity applications, such as sanitary sewers, storm sewers and process piping of man-entry sizes (36 to 144 in. in vertical dimension). The profile strips used for field fabrication of PVC liners are supplied in coils for spiral winding of the liner or in custom-cut flat panels for circumferential lining of all or any portion of the circumference of the host conduit (see Figs. 1 and 2).FIG. 1 Example of Profile PVC StripFIG. 2 Typical Installations with Panels1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Particular attention is drawn to those safety regulations and requirements involving entering into and working in confined spaces.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This guide describes the specification and re-construction of in-situ pipelines and conduits 2 in. to 63 in. (50 mm to 1600 mm) diameter) by the pulled-in-place installation, into an existing conduit, of circular, radially reduced, Shape-Memory-Polymer Tubular (SMPT) that after installation, re-expands (by “memory”) to press against the ID of the host pipe, thus coupling the interior pipe, by friction fit, as reinforcement to the host pipe. The added SMPT pipe wall restores leak tightness and adds its strength to the host pipe (Dual-Wall Composite-Pipe). It becomes a continuous compressed-fit dual-wall pipeline. Depending upon the SMPT compound used, the re-constructed pipelines or conduits are suitable for pressure and nonpressure pipeline applications such as process piping, raw and treated water transmission, water pipe systems, forced-mains, industrial and oil-patch gathering and transmission pipelines, sanitary sewers, storm sewers, and culverts.NOTE 1: This standard guide covers circular SMPT tubulars which are radially reduced by mechanical means at the time of installation. This guide does not address “liners” that at the time of manufacture are deformed (folded) into U-shape, C-shape, H-shape, or other such configurations. This guide refers to dual-wall meaning two layers of pipe co-joined in the field, which is different from dual-wall factory-made co-extruded pipe or corrugated pipe. This guide does not provide a complete design basis covering the many variables required for design and construction of this field fabricated product; the advice of professional contractors and/or registered professional engineers may be incorporated as an adjunct to this guide.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.NOTE 2: There are no ISO standards covering the primary subject matter of this guide.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide information to select, design and install thermoplastic, water-pressure piping systems. Materials covered in this specification are Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC), Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) and Polyethylene (PE) plastic pipe fittings.1.1 This guide is intended for use in the selection, design, and installation of thermoplastic water-pressure piping systems. For specific projects, a thorough review of this guide is recommended for the purpose of selecting specific materials, methods of joining, system design factor, and any special procedures deemed necessary to assure a satisfactory system.NOTE 1: Comprehensive information on the selection, design, joining, system design factors, installation and special products and piping systems for pressurized water and other specialized applications is available in the PPI Handbook of Polyethylene Pipe and from other domestic and International sources such as PE compound and product manufacturers and trade associations.1.2 It is recommended that governing codes and project specifications be consulted prior to the use of this guide. Nothing in this guide should be construed as recommending practices or systems at variance with governing codes and project specifications.1.3 The pipe, fittings, and joining materials shall meet the requirements of one or more of the following component product standards listed in 1.3.1 through 1.3.4 to the extent applicable. In 1.3.1, 1.3.2, and 1.3.4 the pipe standards followed by (a) are outside diameter-controlled pipes.1.3.1 For poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic piping components:  Title of Specification ASTMDesignationPoly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80 and 120 (a) D1785Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) (a) D2241Threaded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 D2464Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 D2466Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 D2467Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings D2564Bell-End Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe (a) D2672Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Tubing (a) D2740Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Line Couplings D3036Joints for Plastic Pressure Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals D3139Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe F477PVC and ABS Injected Solvent Cemented Plastic Pipe Joints F5451.3.2 For Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) plastic piping components: Title of Specification ASTMDesignationChlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80 (a) F441/F441MChlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80 F439Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings F4931.3.3 Standards for polyethylene (PE) plastic piping:  ASTM Standard DesignationStandard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SIDR-PR) Based on Controlled Inside Diameter D2239Standard Specification for Plastic Insert Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe D2609Standard Specification for Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter-Controlled Polyethylene Pipe and Tubing D2683Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Tubing D2737Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pressure Piping D2774Standard Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and Tubing D3261Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Controlled Outside Diameter D3035Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter F714Standard Specification for Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled Polyethylene and Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe and Tubing F1055Standard Specification for Socket Fusion Tools for Use in Socket Fusion Joining Polyethylene Pipe or Tubing and Fittings F1056Standard Practice for Electrofusion Joining Polyolefin Pipe and Fittings F1290Standard Specification for Deformed Polyethylene (PE) Liner F1533Standard Guide for Construction Procedures for Buried Plastic Pipe F1668Standard Practice for Field Leak Testing of Polyethylene (PE) and Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pressure Piping Systems Using Hydrostatic Pressure F2164Standard Specification for Fabricated Fittings of Butt-Fused Polyethylene (PE) F2206Standard Practice for Heat Fusion Joining of Polyethylene Pipe and Fittings F2620Standard Test Method for Laboratory Testing of Polyethylene (PE) Butt Fusion Joints using Tensile-Impact Method F2634Standard Practice for Field Leak Testing of Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Piping Systems Using Gaseous Testing Media Under Pressure (Pneumatic Leak Testing) F2786Standard Specification for Lap-Joint Type Flange Adapters for Polyethylene Pressure Pipe in Nominal Pipe Sizes ¾ in. to 65 in. F2880Standard Practice for Specimens and Testing Conditions for Testing Polyethylene (PE) Pipe Butt Fusions Using Tensile and Hydrostatic Test Methods F2928Standard Specification for Billets made by Winding Molten Extruded Stress-Rated High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) F3034Standard Specification for Metric Outside Diameter Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PN) F3123Standard Practice for Data Recording the Procedure used to Produce Heat Butt Fusion Joints in Plastic Piping Systems or Fittings F3124Standard Practice for Guided Side Bend Evaluation of Polyethylene Pipe Butt Fusion Joint F3183Standard Practice for Heat Fusion Equipment (HFE) Operator Qualification on Polyethylene (PE) and Polyamide (PA) Pipe and Fittings F3190AWWA Standards  Standards Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Pipe and Tubing, 1/2 in. (13 mm) Through 3 in. (76 mm), for Water Service C901Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Pipe and Fittings, 4 In. Through 65 In. (100 mm Through 1,650 mm), for Waterworks C906CSA Standards  Standards Definitions, general requirements, and methods of testing for thermoplastic pressure piping B137.0Polyethylene (PE) pipe, tubing, and fittings for cold water pressure services B137.11.3.4 For poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Components Issued By the American Water Works Association: C900 Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure Pipe,4-inch through 12-inch, for Water (a) 1.3.5 Pipes with wall thicknesses less than 1.50 mm (0.06 in.) are not recommended.1.4 Other Joining Devices—Joining devices other than those covered by the listed standards may be selected by the user on the basis of his own engineering evaluation and service experience.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

This practice covers the standard procedures for the installation of metal ceiling suspension systems for acoustical tile and lay-in panels. Here, specifications are provided for the installation of individual components such as hangers, carrying channels, main runners, cross runners, splines, assembly devices, and ceiling fixtures. Specifications are also given for possible interference of ceiling related components, and the lighting and appearance.1.1 This practice covers the installation of suspension systems for acoustical tile and lay-in panels. It is applicable to contractors whose services are utilized for installing acoustical ceilings and to other trades if their activities are responsible for interference with ceiling components or performance as defined in this recommended practice.1.2 While the practices described in this document have equal application to fire-resistive suspension systems, many systems impose additional requirements to obtain the fire endurance classification of particular floor-ceiling or roof-ceiling assemblies. These details are available from the listing agency and from the manufacturers.1.3 Similarly, additional detailing is often necessary to meet sound attenuation requirements when ceiling plenums extend over contiguous rooms. Obtain these from the manufacturer of the acoustical material employed.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 While many of the practices described in this practice have application to the installation of metal suspension systems in exterior environments, the specific design of exterior ceiling installations requires the review and approval of the architect or engineer, or both, who are responsible for the construction of the building or modifications to an existing building. While recommendations from the manufacturer are solicited, it remains the final responsibility of the architect/engineer to ensure proper application of the materials in question.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers carbon steel overboard discharge hull penetrations for system piping. Penetrations shall be classified as follows: Type I; Type II (Class 1 and Class 2); Type III (Class 1 and Class 2); and Type IV (Classes 1, 2, and 3). Doubler and insert plates shall be of material with physical properties equal to or better than the reinforced shell plate. Overboard discharges shall be combined to the maximum extent practicable to minimize the number of shell penetrations. Overboard discharges shall be located to minimize recirculation into suction seachests. Shell penetrations shall be located outside of cathodic protection areas. Penetration pipe extension past the shell plate shall be equal to the pipe wall thickness. 1.1 This specification covers carbon steel overboard discharge hull penetrations for system piping of NPS 1 through NPS 24 (see Note 1). Note 1: The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such TRADITIONAL terms as nominal diameter, size, and nominal size. 1.2 The minimum pipe schedule and reinforcement dimensions presented in Tables 1-6 are based on specifications in 46 CFR, 56.50-95, and Navy Design Data Sheet 100-1. 1.3 This specification does not include sea chest penetrations. 1.4 This specification does not include penetrations in protective plating. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This document addresses installation qualification (IQ), operational qualification (OQ), and performance qualification (PQ) issues directly related to the additive manufacturing system that has a direct influence on the consolidation of material. The first three elements of process validation, process mapping, risk assessment, and validation planning, are necessary pre-conditions to machine qualification, however, they are outside the scope of this document.1.2 This document covers issues directly related to the AM equipment and does not cover feedstock qualification or post processing beyond powder removal.1.3 Physical facility, personnel, process and material issues are only included to the extent necessary to support machine qualification.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide identifies proper layout, installation, and hydration procedures along with equipment for use by GCCM designers, inspectors, and installers.4.2 Applications—Typical GCCM applications may include but are not limited to:4.2.1 Hydraulic structure armoring or protection, including but not limited to: ditches, swales, canals, flumes, and other similar structures.4.2.2 Slope protection.4.2.3 Berm and bund lining and protection.4.2.4 Culvert invert lining.4.2.5 Scour protection at culvert inlets and outlets.4.2.6 Remediation of existing concrete channels and structures.4.2.7 Lining of outfalls and spillways.4.2.8 Mow strips or weed suppression.4.2.9 Lagoons and secondary containment berms (using GCCBs).1.1 This guide covers directions for the installation of geosynthetic cementitious composite mat (GCCM) materials under field conditions typically present in erosion control, hydraulic structure armoring and protection, and protection applications. This guide also covers directions for the installation of a special category of GCCMs known as geosynthetic cementitious composite barrier (GCCB) materials, under field conditions typically present in geotechnical or civil engineering applications, with the purpose of reducing or preventing the flow of fluid through the construction.1.2 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values in inch-pound units are in parentheses for information.1.3 This guide contains general guidelines. It is not intended to replace project-specific installation requirements. In the event of a conflict between the two, the requirements of the project specifications will supersede the requirements of this guide.1.4 This is not an all-inclusive guide, and some projects will be beyond the scope of this guide.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This practice covers the minimum requirement for and methods of installation for rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) fencing systems and fence accessories, it is intended to guide those responsible for or concerned with installation of rigid (PVC) fence systems. The procedure for installation of posts, installation of rails and section, installation of post caps and picket tops, and installation of gates on posts are presented in details.1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirement for and methods of installation for rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) fencing systems and fence accessories in areas where the maximum frost penetration does not exceed 30 in. [76 cm]. In all cases, refer also to the specific manufacturer's instructions for installation.1.2 This practice is intended to guide those responsible for or concerned with installation of rigid (PVC) fence systems.1.3 This practice does not preclude any test method that is proven to give equal or better performance under any weather, soil, or frost conditions.1.4 End-use and applicable code requirements shall be considered in the choice of fence style, spacing, height, and installation method.1.4.1 Paddock fencing for livestock may need to be more durable than perimeter fence.1.4.2 Residential fence styles may not be designed for balcony or guardrail use.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 This low-pressure air testing practice detects damaged piping or improper jointing by measuring the rate at which air under pressure escapes from an isolated section of sewer.4.2 The rate of air loss indicates the presence or absence of damaged piping or leaking joints. This practice is not intended to show total system water leakage limits and shall not be used as a quantitative measure of leakage under service conditions for infiltration or exfiltration.NOTE 1: A finding of acceptable air loss specified in this practice can be interpreted as an installation acceptance test in lieu of infiltration or exfiltration testing.4.3 This practice provides assurance of initial condition and quality of workmanship of properly-installed sewer pipe.1.1 This practice provides procedures for testing non-pressure plastic pipe sewer lines, using low-pressure air to prove the integrity of the installed material and the construction procedures. Two procedures are included to find the rate of air leakage—the constant-pressure method and the time-pressure drop method.1.2 This practice is performed on lines after all connections and service laterals have been plugged and braced adequately to withstand the test pressure. The time between completion of the backfill operation and low-pressure air testing may be specified by the approving authority.1.3 This practice is used as a preliminary test, which enables the installer to show the condition of a buried line prior to final backfill, paving, and other construction activities.1.4 This practice is applicable to all non-pressure sewer lines made of thermoplastic pipe, reinforced thermosetting resin (RTRP) pipe, and reinforced plastic mortar (RPM) pipe, defined in Terminology D883, D1600, and F412.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 5.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This guide applies to flexible closed cell insulation tubing and sheet materials manufactured according to Specifications C534 and C1427. This standard is intended to provide a basic guide for installing these types of materials.5.2 Confirm application use temperature is consistent with specified use temperature for material as defined in ASTM Specifications unless otherwise agreed upon with the manufacturer. There are different grades for each of the insulation types referred to in this guide, material and grade installed should be that specified.5.3 This guide is not intended to cover all aspects associated with installation for all applications, consult the National, Commercial Industrial Insulation Standards (MICA Manual) or the specific product manufacturer for recommendations, or both. See ASHRAE Handbook (Fundamentals – Chapter 23) and ASHRAE Handbook (Refrigeration – Chapter 10).1.1 This guide covers recommended installation techniques for flexible closed cell pre-formed insulation in tube or sheet form. This guide is applicable to materials manufactured in accordance with Specification C534 (Elastomeric based insulation) or Specification C1427 (polyolefin based insulation). The materials covered in this guide encompass a service temperature of –297 to 300°F (–183 to 150°C) as indicated in the material specifications referenced above. Many of the recommendations made are specific to below ambient applications only.1.2 The purpose of this guide is to optimize the thermal performance and longevity of installed closed cell flexible insulation systems. By following this guide, the owner, and designer can expect to achieve the energy savings expected and prevention of condensation under the specified design conditions. This document is limited to installation procedures and does not encompass system design.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Dual-wall reverse-circulation drilling can be used in support of geoenvironmental exploration and for installation of subsurface water quality monitoring devices in unconsolidated and consolidated sediment or bedrock. Dual-wall reverse-circulation drilling methods allows for the collection of water quality samples at most depth(s), the setting of temporary casing during drilling, and continual sampling of cuttings while drilling fluid is circulating, if warranted or needed. Other advantages of the dual-wall reverse-circulation drilling method include, but are not limited to: (1) the capability of drilling without the introduction of any drilling fluid(s) (for example, drilling mud or similar) to the subsurface; (2) maintenance of borehole stability for sampling purposes and monitoring well installation/construction in poorly-indurated to unconsolidated sediment.4.1.1 The user of dual-wall reverse-circulation drilling for geoenvironmental exploration and monitoring-device installations should be cognizant of both the physical (temperature and airborne particles) and chemical (compressor lubricants and other fluid additives) qualities of compressed air that may be used as the circulating medium.4.2 The application of dual-wall reverse-circulation drilling to geoenvironmental exploration may involve soil or rock sampling, or in situ soil/sediment, rock, or pore-fluid testing.NOTE 2: The user may install a monitoring device within the same borehole wherein sampling, in situ or pore-fluid testing, or coring was performed.4.3 The subsurface water quality monitoring devices that are addressed in this guide consist generally of a screened- or porous-intake device and riser pipe(s) that are usually installed with a filter pack to enhance the longevity of the intake unit, and with isolation seals and low-permeability backfill to deter the vertical movement of fluids or infiltration of surface water between hydrologic units penetrated by the borehole (see Practice D5092). Since a piezometer is primarily a device used for measuring subsurface hydraulic heads, the conversion of a piezometer to a water quality monitoring device should be made only after consideration of the overall quality and integrity of the installation to include the quality of materials that will contact sampled water or gas. Both water quality monitoring devices and piezometers should have adequate casing seals, annular isolation seals, and backfills to deter cross-communication of contaminants between hydrogeologic units.NOTE 3: The quality of the results produced by this guide is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of this test method are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This guide covers how dual-wall reverse-circulation drilling may be used for geoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurface water quality monitoring devices. The term reverse circulation with respect to dual-wall drilling in this guide indicates that the circulating fluid is forced down the annular space between the double-wall drill pipe and transports soil/sediment and rock particles to the surface through the inner pipe.NOTE 1: This guide does not include considerations for geotechnical site characterizations that are addressed in a separate guide.1.2 Dual-wall reverse-circulation for geoenvironmental exploration and monitoring-device installations will often involve safety planning, administration, and documentation. This guide does not purport to specifically address exploration and site safety.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The application of direct air-rotary drilling to geoenvironmental exploration may involve sampling, coring, in situ or pore-fluid testing, installation of casing for subsequent drilling activities in unconsolidated or consolidated materials, and for installation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices in unconsolidated and consolidated materials. Several advantages of using the direct air-rotary drilling method over other methods may include the ability to drill rather rapidly through consolidated materials and, in many instances, not require the introduction of drilling fluids to the borehole. Air-rotary drilling techniques are usually employed to advance drill hole when water-sensitive materials (that is, friable sandstones or collapsible soils) may preclude use of water-based rotary-drilling methods. Some disadvantages to air-rotary drilling may include poor borehole integrity in unconsolidated materials without using casing, and the potential for volitization of contaminants and air-borne dust.NOTE 3: Direct-air rotary drilling uses pressured air for circulation of drill cuttings. In some instances, water or foam additives, or both, may be injected into the air stream to improve cuttings-lifting capacity and cuttings return. The use of air under high pressures may cause fracturing of the formation materials or extreme erosion of the borehole if drilling pressures and techniques are not carefully maintained and monitored. If borehole damage becomes apparent, consideration to other drilling method(s) should be given.NOTE 4: The user may install a monitoring device within the same borehole in which sampling, in situ or pore-fluid testing, or coring was performed.4.2 The subsurface water-quality monitoring devices that are addressed in this guide consist generally of a screened or porous intake and riser pipe(s) that are usually installed with a filter pack to enhance the longevity of the intake unit, and with isolation seals and a low-permeability backfill to deter the movement of fluids or infiltration of surface water between hydrologic units penetrated by the borehole (see Practice D5092). Inasmuch as a piezometer is primarily a device used for measuring subsurface hydraulic heads, the conversion of a piezometer to a water-quality monitoring device should be made only after consideration of the overall quality of the installation to include the quality of materials that will contact sampled water or gas.NOTE 5: Both water-quality monitoring devices and piezometers should have adequate casing seals, annular isolation seals, and backfills to deter movement of contaminants between hydrologic units.1.1 This guide covers how direct (straight) air-rotary drilling procedures may be used for geoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices.NOTE 1: The term direct with respect to the air-rotary drilling method of this guide indicates that compressed air is injected through a drill-rod column to a rotating bit. The air cools the bit and transports cuttings to the surface in the annulus between the drill-rod column and the borehole wall.NOTE 2: This guide does not include considerations for geotechnical site characterizations that are addressed in a separate guide.1.2 Direct air-rotary drilling for geoenvironmental exploration will often involve safety planning, administration, and documentation. This guide does not purport to specifically address exploration and site safety.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 All observed and calculated values are to conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objective; and it is common practice to increase or reduce the significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis method or engineering design.1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车