4.1 Purpose—This publication establishes lot or batch sampling plans and procedures for inspection by attributes. This publication shall not be interpreted to supersede or conflict with any contractual requirements. The words “accept,” “acceptance,” “acceptable,” etc, refer only to the contractor’s use of the sampling plans contained in this standard and do not imply an agreement by the customer (formerly “Government” in original text) to accept any product. Determination of acceptability by the customer shall be as described in contractual documents. The sampling plans described in this standard are applicable to AQL’s of 0.01 % or higher and are therefore not suitable for applications where quality levels in the range of parts per million levels can be realized.4.2 Application—Sampling plans designated in this publication are applicable, but not limited, to inspection of the following: (1) end items, (2) components and raw materials, (3) operations or services, (4) materials in process, (5) supplies in storage, (6) maintenance operations, (7) data or records, (8) administrative procedures. These plans are intended primarily to be used for a continuing series of lots or batches. The plans may also be used for the inspection of isolated lots or batches, but, in this latter case, the user is cautioned to consult the operating characteristic curves to find a plan which will yield the desired protection (see 6.11).AbstractThis practice establishes lot or batch sampling plans and procedures for inspection by attributes using MIL-STD-105E as a basis for sampling a steady stream of lots indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL). It provides the sampling plans of MIL-STD-105E in ASTM format for use by ASTM committees and others and recognizes the continuing usage of MIL-STD-105E in industries supported by ASTM. This practice also establishes lot or batch sampling plans and procedures for inspection by attributes.1.1 This practice establishes lot or batch sampling plans and procedures for inspection by attributes using MIL-STD-105E as a basis for sampling a steady stream of lots indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL).1.2 This practice provides the sampling plans of MIL-STD-105E in ASTM format for use by ASTM committees and others. It recognizes the continuing usage of MIL-STD-105E in industries supported by ASTM. Most of the original text in MIL-STD-105E is preserved in Sections 4 – 6 of this practice.1.3 No system of units is specified in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Clay elements are widely used in aviation fuel handling systems to adsorb polar contaminants that are picked up in shipments by tanker, barge, or pipeline from refineries to terminals, airports, or both. Some of these contaminants such as surfactants interfere with efficient operation of filter-separator units that remove water from fuel.In order to determine whether the clay elements are spent, it is necessary to test fuel both into and out of clay treatment vessels frequently. Clay elements must be changed when no improvement in quality is noted. Unless carried out frequently, such testing may not disclose a deactivated clay treatment vessel in time to prevent failure of downstream filter/separators.To avoid such failures, a small sample of clay in a clay holder contained in a sidestream installation that receives flow proportional to the main stream flow is evaluated periodically using a reference fuel containing a known surfactant. When the rating of the reference fuel by Test Method D 3948 indicates that the capsule clay is becoming spent, the elements in the main filter vessel are ready for change.1.1 This practice describes a field procedure to determine whether the useful life of the clay has been exceeded in canister or bag-type clay elements that are installed in ground filtration units of aviation fuel handling systems.1.2 The field procedure utilizes the apparatus of Test Methods D3948 to periodically test a small clay capsule installed in a sidestream around a clay treatment vessel that receives a fixed ratio of the same fuel that flows through the clay elements in the vessel.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 This sampling procedure is used to collect a particulate filter sample containing particulates 0.2 µm or larger in size to be used to measure the size and concentration of particulates in a gaseous fuel stream.1.1 This practice is primarily for sampling particulates in gaseous fuels up to a nominal working pressure (NWP) of 70 MPa (10 152 psi) using an in-stream filter. This practice describes sampling apparatus design, operating procedures, and quality control procedures required to obtain the stated levels of precision and accuracy.1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The gradation (size distribution) of glass beads has a significant influence on the retroreflective efficiency of a pavement marking system.5.2 This test method is for the characterization of the gradation (size distribution) of glass beads for the purpose of compliance testing against standard specification for glass beads in pavement marking applications.5.3 While there are potential industrial applications for this test method beyond the measurement of gradation (size distribution) of glass beads for pavement markings, those are beyond the scope of this standard.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gradation (size distribution) of glass spheres used in pavement marking systems using a Flowing Stream Digital Analyzer. Typical gradations for pavement marking systems are defined in ranges from Type 0 through 5 in AASHTO M247-08.1.2 This test method provides for the presentation of the size data in a variety of formats to the requirements of the agency pavement marking material specification. For most specifications the standard format is to present the size data as “Percent Retained” or “Percent Passing” relative to a series of standard US sieve sizes.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Contractual or local regulation, or both, permitting, the FPAPV calculated according to this practice can be used to represent the average property of the quantity of material collected.4.2 Due to the averaging and appropriate weighting of analysis results, the FPAPV estimate of the property for the collected material is expected to be more representative and more precise than an estimate based on a small number of analyses on a few samples.NOTE 1: For applications where the on-line analyzer system result is being used in direct feedback control in a contiguous manner, the true property distribution for a large population of batches with essentially identical FPAPV's is expected to be Gaussian, centered at the FPAPV value, with a standard deviation that is no less than the long term site precision standard deviation of the analyzer system.4.3 If the measured property value is used to predict another property value through the use of an appropriate correlation equation, the FPAPV can also be used as a suitable prediction of that property.4.4 The most recently updated FPAPV can be used to represent the property of the material currently accumulated in the tank or vessel for process control or material disposition decisions, or both.1.1 This practice covers a technique for calculating a flow-proportioned average property value (FPAPV) for a batch of in-line blended product or process stream material that is collected over time and isolated in a storage tank or vessel, using a combination of on-line or at-line measurements taken at regular intervals of the property and flow rates.1.2 The FPAPV methodology uses regularly collected on- line or at-line process analyzer measurements, flow, and assessment of other appropriate process measurements or values, to calculate a flow-proportioned average property value in accordance with flow quantity units of material produced.1.3 When the collecting vessel contains a heel (retained material prior to receipt of the production batch), both the property value and quantity of the heel material can be predetermined and factored into the calculation of the FPAPV for the new batch.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The roundness of glass beads has a significant influence on the retroreflective efficiency of a pavement marking system.4.2 The guide is for the characterization of the roundness of glass beads for the purpose of compliance testing against standard specification for glass beads in pavement marking applications.4.3 While there are potential industrial applications for this guide beyond the measurement of roundness of glass beads for pavement markings, those are beyond the scope of this standard.1.1 This guide covers the determination of the roundness of glass spheres used in pavement marking systems using a flowing stream digital analyzer. Typical gradations for pavement marking systems are defined in ranges from Type 0 through 5 in AASHTO M247.1.2 This guide provides for the presentation of roundness data in a variety of formats to the requirement of the agency pavement marking material specification. For most specifications the standard format is to present the roundness data as Percent True Spheres relative to a series of standard ASTM sieve sizes.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This guide provides instructions for sampling by collecting individual increments from part of a cross section of a moving stream of coal, as opposed to collection of individual increments by removal of a full cross section of material. The use of part-stream sampling, and the detailed procedures for each case, should be agreed upon in advance by all parties concerned. Samples collected by use of this guide are not probability samples. The user is cautioned that samples of this type do not satisfy the minimum requirements for probability sampling and as such cannot be used to obtain any meaningful statistical inferences such as the sampling precision, standard error, or bias.5.2 All parties should be cautioned that manual sampling of coal from a moving stream might not enable sampling of the material that is furthermost from the point of entry into stream by the sampling device.1.1 This guide covers general principles for obtaining a gross sample of coal by taking increments from part of a stream of coal rather than from the entire stream to be sampled. The usefulness of results from this guide will vary greatly depending on such factors as top size of the coal, size consistency of the coal, variability of the coal, and such logistical factors as the flow rate of the coal in process and physical accessibility of the sampling station.1.2 This guide should be used only when it is not possible to use a method of sampling that produces a probability sample.1.3 Sample preparation procedures involving crushing are contained in Practice D2013.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This method is used to document the ability of solid waste resource recovery separators to concentrate or classify a particular component (or components) present in solid waste.5.2 The purity determined in this way is used to calculate the recovery achieved by a separator as another measure of its performance, according to Test Method E1108.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the composition of a materials stream in a solid waste resource recovery processing facility. The composition is determined with respect to one or more defined components. The results are used for determining the purity resulting from the operation of one or more separators, and in conjunction with Test Method E1108 used to measure the efficiency of a materials separation device.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard statements, see Section 7.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Analyzer systems require representative samples of petroleum products delivered in a timely manner to (1) facilitate the control of process or blending units or (2) calculate a flow proportioned property value.5.2 Representative samples of petroleum products are required for the determination of chemical and physical properties. These properties are used to establish the relationship between the analyzer system and the primary test method during initial and ongoing validation of the system.5.3 Representative samples of petroleum products are tested to determine the chemical and physical properties of a batch offered for tender.1.1 This practice covers the performance requirements for sample systems employed to deliver process stream samples (1) to analyzer system for analyses or (2) for analyzer validation or (3) for composite sample systems. It also outlines the selection and operation of line or batch sampling equipment intended for analyzer flow proportioned average property value system validation. Sample handling, mixing, and conditioning procedures are required to ensure that a representative sample of the liquid petroleum product is collected from the sampling source.1.2 Applicable Fluids—This practice is applicable to single liquid phase petroleum products whose vapor pressure at sampling and sample storage conditions is less than or equal to 110 kPa (16.0 psi), and, with a D86 final boiling point less than or equal to 400 °C (752 °F).1.2.1 Specialized sample handling may be necessary to maintain sample integrity of more volatile materials at high temperatures or extended residence time in the receiver. Such handling requirements are not within the scope of this practice. Users should consult the analytical methods to be performed on the sample for special sample storage or conditioning requirements.1.3 Some or all of the processes outlined in this practice may be applicable to other liquids. Applying this practice to other liquids will require the consideration of additional methods and practices. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to identify any and all applicable safety and sampling considerations and establish appropriate procedures to handle these additional considerations.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This practice was prepared to meet a growing need for the use of standard sampling plans for inspection by variables in customer procurement, supply and storage, and maintenance inspection operations. The variables sampling plans apply to a single quality characteristic which can be measured on a continuous scale, and for which quality is expressed in terms of percent defective. The theory underlying the development of the variables sampling plans, including the operating characteristic curves, assumes that measurements of the quality characteristic are independent, identically distributed normal random variables.5.2 In comparison with attributes sampling plans, variables sampling plans have the advantage of usually resulting in considerable savings in sample size for comparable assurance as to the correctness of decisions in judging a single quality characteristic, or for the same sample size, greater assurance is obtained using variables plans. Attributes sampling plans have the advantage of greater simplicity, of being applicable to either single or multiple quality characteristics, and of requiring no knowledge about the distribution of the continuous measurements of any of the quality characteristics.5.3 It is important to note that variables sampling plans are not to be used indiscriminately, simply because it is possible to obtain variables measurement data. In considering applications where the normality or independence assumptions may be questioned, the user is advised to consult his technical agency to determine the feasibility of application.5.4 Application—Sampling plans designated in this publication are applicable, but not limited, to inspection of the following: (1) end items, (2) components and raw materials, (3) operations or services, (4) materials in process, (5) supplies in storage, (6) maintenance operations, (7) data or records, and (8) administrative procedures.AbstractThis practice establishes lot or batch sampling plans and procedures for inspection by variables using MIL-STD-414 as a basis for sampling a steady stream of lots indexed by AQL. This practice was prepared to meet a growing need for the use of standard sampling plans for inspection by variables in customer procurement, supply and storage, and maintenance inspection operations. The variables sampling plans apply to a single quality characteristic which can be measured on a continuous scale, and for which quality is expressed in terms of percent defective. The theory underlying the development of the variables sampling plans, including the operating characteristic curves, assumes that measurements of the quality characteristic are independent, identically distributed normal random variables.1.1 Purpose—This practice establishes lot or batch sampling plans and procedures for inspection by variables using MIL-STD-414 as a basis for sampling a steady stream of lots indexed by AQL.1.2 This practice provides the sampling plans of MIL-STD-414 in ASTM format for use by ASTM committees and others. It recognizes the continuing usage of MIL-STD-414 in industries supported by ASTM. Most of the original text in MIL-STD-414 is preserved in Sections 6 – 9 of this practice.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This practice can be used to quantify the performance of a process stream analyzer system or its subsystem in terms of precision and bias relative to those of a primary test method for the property of interest.5.2 This practice provides developers or manufacturers of process stream analyzer systems with useful procedures for evaluating the capability of newly designed systems for industrial applications that require reliable prediction of measurements of a specific property by a primary test method of a flowing component or product.5.3 This practice provides purchasers of process stream analyzer systems with some reliable options for specifying acceptance test requirements for process stream analyzer systems at the time of commissioning to ensure the system is capable of making the desired property measurement with the appropriate precision or bias specifications, or both.5.4 PPTMR from Analyzer Systems validated in accordance with this practice can be used to predict, with a specified confidence, what the PTMR would be, to within a specified tolerance, if the actual primary test method was conducted on the materials that are within the validated property range and type.5.5 This practice provides the user of a process stream analyzer system with useful information from on-going quality control charts to monitor the variation in δ over time, and trigger update of correlation relationship between the analyzer system and primary test method in a timely manner.5.6 Validation information obtained in the application of this practice is applicable only to the material type and property range of the materials used to perform the validation. Selection of the property levels and the compositional characteristics of the samples must be suitable for the application of the analyzer system. This practice allows the user to write a comprehensive validation statement for the analyzer system including specific limits for the validated range of application. This practice does not recommend extrapolation of validation results beyond the material type and property range used to obtain these results. In addition, users are cautioned that for measurement systems that show matrix dependencies, bias information determined from pure compounds or simple mixtures of pure compounds may not be representative of that achieved on actual process or product samples.1.1 This practice describes procedures and methodologies based on the statistical principles of Practice D6708 to validate whether the degree of agreement between the results produced by a total analyzer system (or its subsystem), versus the results produced by an independent test method that purports to measure the same property, meets user-specified requirements. This is a performance-based validation, to be conducted using a set of materials that are not used a priori in the development of any correlation between the two measurement systems under investigation. A result from the independent test method is herein referred to as a Primary Test Method Result (PTMR).1.1.1 The degree of agreement described in 1.1 can be either for PPTMRs and PTMRs measured on the same materials, or for PPTMRs measured on basestocks and PTMRs measured on these same basestocks after constant level additivation.1.1.2 In some cases, a two-step procedure is employed. In the first step, the analyzer and PTM are applied to the measurement of the same blendstock material. If the analyzer employed in Step 1 is a multivariate spectrophotometric analyzer, then Practice D6122 is used to access the agreement between the PPTMRs and the PTMRs for this first step. Otherwise, this practice is used to compare the PPTMRs to the PTMRs measured for this blendstock to determine the degree of agreement. In a second step, the PPTMRs produced in Step 1 are used as inputs to a second model that predicts the results obtained when the PTM is applied to the analysis of the finished blended product. Since this second step does not use analyzer readings, the validation of the second step is done independently. Step 2 is only performed on valid Step 1 results. Note that the second model might accommodate variable levels or multiple material additions to the blendstock.1.2 This practice assumes any correlation necessary to mitigate systemic biases between the analyzer system and PTM have been applied to the analyzer results. See Guide D7235 for procedures for establishing such correlations.1.3 This practice assumes any modeling techniques employed have the necessary tuning to mitigate systemic biases between the analyzer PPTMR and PTMR have been applied to the model results. Model form and tuning is not covered by this practice, only the validation of the model output.1.4 This practice requires that both the primary method against which the analyzer is compared to, and the analyzer system under investigation, are in statistical control. Practices described in Practice D6299 should be used to ensure this condition is met.1.5 This practice applies if the process stream analyzer system and the primary test method are based on the same measurement principle(s), or, if the process stream analyzer system uses a direct and well-understood measurement principle that is similar to the measurement principle of the primary test method. This practice also applies if the process stream analyzer system uses a different measurement technology from the primary test method, provided that the calibration protocol for the direct output of the analyzer does not require use of the PTMRs (see Case 1 in Note 1).1.6 This practice does not apply if the process stream analyzer system utilizes an indirect or mathematically modeled measurement principle such as chemometric or multivariate analysis techniques where PTMRs are required for the chemometric or multivariate model development. Users should refer to Practice D6122 for detailed validation procedures for these types of analyzer systems (see Case 2 in Note 1).NOTE 1: For example, for the measurement of benzene in spark ignition fuels, comparison of a Mid-Infrared process analyzer system based on Test Method D6277 to a Test Method D3606 gas chromatography primary test method would be considered Case 1, and this practice would apply. For each sample, the Mid-Infrared spectrum is converted into a single analyzer result using methodology (Test Method D6277) that is independent of the primary test method (Test Method D3606). However, when the same analyzer uses a multivariate model to correlate the measured Mid-Infrared spectrum to Test Method D3606 reference values using the methodology of Practice D8321, it is considered Case 2 and Practice D6122 applies. In this case 2 example, the direct output of the analyzer is the spectrum, and the conversion of this multivariate output to an analyzer result require use of Practice D6122, hence it is not independent of the primary test method.1.7 Performance Validation is conducted by calculating the precision and bias of the differences between results from the analyzer system (or subsystem) after the application of any necessary correlation, (such results are herein referred to as Predicted Primary Test Method Results (PPTMRs)), versus the PTMRs for the same sample set. Results used in the calculation are for samples that are not used in the development of the correlation. The calculated precision and bias are statistically compared to user-specified requirements for the analyzer system application.1.7.1 For analyzers used in product release or product quality certification applications, the precision and bias requirement for the degree of agreement are typically based on the site or published precision of the Primary Test Method.NOTE 2: In most applications of this type, the PTM is the specification-cited test method.1.7.2 This practice does not describe procedures for establishing precision and bias requirements for analyzer system applications. Such requirements must be based on the criticality of the results to the intended business application and on contractual and regulatory requirements. The user must establish precision and bias requirements prior to initiating the validation procedures described herein.1.8 Two procedures for validation are described: the line sample procedure and the validation reference material (VRM) injection procedure.1.9 Only the analyzer system or subsystem downstream of the VRM injection point or the line sample extraction point is being validated by this practice.1.10 The line sample procedure is limited to applications where material can be safely withdrawn from the sampling point of the analyzer unit without significantly altering the property of interest.1.10.1 The line sample procedure is the primary option for when the validation is for (2b) materials including effect from additional treatment to the material.1.11 Validation information obtained in the application of this practice is applicable only to the type and property range of the materials used to perform the validation.1.12 Two types of validation are described: General Validation, and Level Specific Validation. These are typically conducted at installation or after major maintenance once the system mechanical fitness-for-use has been established.1.12.1 General Validation is based on the statistical principles and methodology of Practice D6708. In most cases, General Validation is preferred, but may not always be possible if the variation in validation materials is insufficient. General Validation will validate analyzer operation over a wider operating range than Level Specific Validation.1.12.2 When the variation in available validation materials is insufficient to satisfy the requirements of Practice D6708, a Level Specific Validation is done to validate analyzer operation over a limited range.1.12.3 The validation outcome are considered valid only within the range covered by the validation material Data from several different Validations (general or level-specific) can potentially be combined for use in a General Validation.1.13 Procedures for the continual validation of system performance are described. These procedures are typically applied at a frequency commensurate with the criticality of the application.1.14 This practice does not address procedures for diagnosing causes of validation failure.1.15 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.16 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The analyzer site precision is an estimate of the variability that can be expected in a UAR or a PPTMR produced by an analyzer when applied to the analysis of the same material over an extended time period.4.2 For applications where the process analyzer system results are required to agree with results produced from an independent PTM, a mathematical function is derived that relates the UARs to the PPTMRs. The application of this mathematical function to an analyzer result produces a predicted PPTMR. For analyzers where the mathematical function, that is, a correlation, is developed by D7235, the analyzer site precision of the UARs is a required input to the computation.4.3 After the correlation relationship between the analyzer results and primary test method results has been established, a probationary validation (see D3764 and D6122) is performed using an independent but limited set of materials that were not part of the correlation activity. This probationary validation is intended to demonstrate that the PPTMRs agree with the PTMRs to within user-specified requirements for the analyzer system application. The analyzer site precision is a required input to the probationary validation procedures.4.3.1 If the process stream analyzer system and the primary test method are based on the same measurement principle(s), or, if the process stream analyzer system uses a direct and well-understood measurement principle that is similar to the measurement principle of the PTM then validation is done via D3764. Practice D3764 also applies if the process stream analyzer system uses a different measurement technology from the PTM, provided that the calibration protocol for the direct output of the analyzer does not require use of the PTM.4.3.2 If the process stream analyzer system utilizes an indirect or mathematically modeled measurement principle such as chemometric or multivariate analysis techniques where PTMRs are required for the development of the chemometric or multivariate model, then validation of the analyzer is done using Practice D6122.4.3.3 Both the D3764 and D6122 validation practices utilize the statistical methodology of Practice D6708 to conduct the probationary validation. This methodology requires that the site precision for the PTM and the analyzer site precision be available.4.4 The procedures described herein also serve as the basis for a process analyzer quality control system. A representative sample of the QC material is introduced into the analyzer system in a repeatable fashion. Such sample introduction permits capturing the effect of the analyzer system operating variables on the UAR and PPTMR output signal from the process analyzer. By comparing the observed analyzer responses to the expected response for the QC sample, the fitness for use of the analyzer system can be determined.1.1 This practice describes a procedure to quantify the site precision of a process analyzer via repetitive measurement of a single process sample over an extended time period. The procedure may be applied to multiple process samples to obtain site precision estimates at different property levels1.1.1 The site precision is required for use of the statistical methodology of D6708 in establishing the correlation between analyzer results and primary test method results using Practice D7235.1.1.2 The site precision is also required when employing the statistical methodology of D6708 to validate a process analyzer via Practices D3764 or D6122.1.2 This practice is not applicable to in-line analyzers where the same quality control sample cannot be repetitively introduced.1.3 This practice is meant to be applied to analyzers that measure physical properties or compositions.1.4 This practice can be applied to any process analyzer system where the feed stream can be captured and stored in sufficient quantity with no stratification or stability concerns.1.4.1 The captured stream sample introduction must be able to meet the process analyzer sample conditioning requirements, feed temperature and inlet pressure.1.4.2 This practice is designed for use with samples that are single liquid phase, petroleum products whose vapor pressure, at sampling and sample storage conditions, is less than or equal to 110 kPa (16.0 psi) absolute and whose D86 final boiling point is less than or equal to 400 °C (752 °F).NOTE 1: The general procedures described in this practice may be applicable to materials outside this range, including multiphase materials, but such application may involve special sampling and safety considerations which are outside the scope of this practice.1.5 The values for operating conditions are stated in SI units and are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are the historical inch-pound units for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice is intended to standardize the apparatus used and the method or pattern of application of a standard hose stream to building elements as one part of the assessment and fire resistance of building elements.4.1.1 This practice specifies the water pressure and duration of application of the hose stream to the test assembly.4.2 This practice is intended to be used only after a test assembly has completed a prescribed standard fire-resistance test.4.3 The practice exposes a test assembly to a standard hose stream under controlled laboratory conditions.4.3.1 Pass/fail criteria are defined in the appropriate fire test method.4.3.2 This exposure is not intended to replicate typical fire fighting operations or all applied or impact loads a system could be subjected to in field use and conditions.4.4 Any variation from tested conditions has the potential of substantially changing the performance characteristics determined by this practice.1.1 This practice is applicable to building elements required to be subjected to the impact, erosion, and cooling effects of a hose stream as part of a fire-test-response standard. Building elements include, but are not limited to, wall and partition assemblies, fire-resistive joint systems, and doors.1.2 This practice shall register performance of the building element under specific hose stream conditions. It shall not imply that, either after exposure or under other conditions, the structural capability of the building element is intact or that the building element is suitable for use.1.3 The result derived from this practice is one factor in assessing the integrity of building elements after fire exposure. The practice prescribes a standard hose stream exposure for comparing performance of building elements after fire exposure and evaluates various materials and construction techniques under common conditions.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 The text of this standard references notes which provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.6 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The reason for preserving military sampling standards is that many organizations throughout the world still use these standards in their current form. MIL-STD-1235B is no longer supported by the U.S. Department of Defense as of the mid-1990s and is out of print, but does exist in the public domain. This practice represents a conversion of MIL-STD-1235B to an ASTM-supported standard.4.2 This practice provides the tables and procedures for applying five different types of continuous sampling plans for inspection by attributes. These continuous sampling plans are discussed in Sections 6 – 10 of this practice and each section includes information on:(1) Initiation of 100 % inspection in use.(2) Requirements on when to switch to sampling inspection.(3) Conditions warranting a return to 100 % inspection.(4) When a change in Code Letter, if desired, can be made.(5) What to do when the checking inspector finds a defect that was originally found conforming by the screening inspector(s), that is, ineffective screening.(6) Situations where a defect is found before the switch to 100 % inspection causing excessive periods of 100 % inspection so action must be taken, that is, long periods of screening.4.2.1 Section 6 (Section 2 in MIL-STD-1235B) describes specific procedures and applications of the CSP-1 sampling plans – a single-level continuous sampling procedure which provides for alternating between sequences of 100 % inspection and sampling inspection.4.2.2 Section 7 (Section 3 in MIL-STD-1235B) describes specific procedures and applications of the CSP-F sampling plans – a variation of the CSP-1 plans in that CSP-F plans are applied to a relatively short run of product, thereby permitting smaller clearance numbers to be used.4.2.3 Section 8 (Section 4 in MIL-STD-1235B) describes specific procedures and applications of the CSP-2 sampling plans – a modification of CSP-1 in that 100 % inspection resumes only after a prescribed number of defect-free units separate any two defective sample units.4.2.4 Section 9 (Section 5 in MIL-STD-1235B) describes specific procedures and applications of the CSP-T sampling plans – a multi-level continuous sampling procedure which provides for reducing the sampling frequency upon demonstration of superior product quality.4.2.5 Section 10 (Section 6 in MIL-STD-1235B) describes specific procedures and applications of the CSP-V sampling plans – a single-level continuous sampling procedure which is an alternative to CSP-T in that these plans provide for reducing the clearance number in good quality situations where reduction of sampling frequency has no economic merit.AbstractThis practice establishes tables and procedures for applying five different types of continuous sampling plans for inspection by attributes using MIL-STD-1235B as a basis for sampling a steady stream of lots indexed by AQL. This practice represents a conversion of MIL-STD1235B to an ASTM-supported standard.1.1 This practice establishes tables and procedures for applying five different types of continuous sampling plans for inspection by attributes using MIL-STD-1235B as a basis for sampling a steady stream of lots indexed by AQL.1.2 This practice provides the sampling plans of MIL-STD-1235B in ASTM format for use by ASTM committees and others. It recognizes the continuing usage of MIL-STD-1235B in industries supported by ASTM. Most of the original text in MIL-STD-1235B is preserved in Sections 6 – 10 of this practice.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The standards employed in the Process Stream Analyzer PSPV Generation Flow Diagram each have a specific deliverable that when combined into a single system produces a PSPV enabling the representation of product by process stream analyzer.4.2 The description of each standard in the process provides the user with an overview of the application of the standard in the process for developing a PSPV.1.1 This practice covers generating a Process Stream Property Value (PSPV) from the application of a process stream analyzer, which requires the use of several ASTM standards. These standards describe procedures to collect a representative sample, establish and validate the relationship to the primary test method, and calculate a property value with an expected uncertainty. Each standard builds or prepares data, or both, to be used in another standard. The workflow process culminates to produce a process stream analyzer result that represents a user defined batch of product. The sequence in which the standards are to be utilized is defined in this practice.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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