5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determining the air leakage characteristics of installed exterior windows and doors under specified static air pressure differences.NOTE 1: The air pressure differences acting across a building envelope vary greatly. The factors affecting air pressure differences and the implications of the resulting air leakage relative to the environment within buildings are discussed in the literature.3, 4, 5 These factors should be fully considered in specifying the test pressure differences to be used.5.2 Rates of air leakage are sometimes used for comparison purposes. Such comparisons may not be valid unless the components being tested and compared are of essentially the same size, configuration, and design.5.3 Rates of air leakage of essentially identical windows or doors, as determined in the laboratory (Test Method E283) and as measured in the field by this test method, have sometimes been used for comparison purposes. The correlation between the laboratory and field test results, and the correlation between actual performance of in-service products and the response to these tests has not been established because of insufficient data.5.4 Rates of air leakage, as determined by this test method may be affected by: the age or physical condition of the test specimen; the type or quality of installation; the care exercised in the attachment of the test apparatus and the determination of extraneous leakage; and the actual conditions to which the test specimen is exposed beyond those imposed by the test method, that is temperature, relative humidity, wind impingement, etc. Consideration must be given to the proper selection of test specimens, the choice of appropriate test technique (when a choice is given within this test method), and the proper use and interpretation of the results obtained from this test to minimize the effect of these conditions.5.5 Rates of air leakage, as determined by this test method may include air leakage that does not occur during normal operation and exposure, or that does not contribute to the overall air leakage for the structure. Air may be supplied to or exhausted from wall cavities or adjacent construction, or may bypass interior or exterior trim or components in a manner not experienced during normal operation or exposure. Care must be taken to prevent such leakage from occurring, or consideration must be given that such leakage may have occurred during the test.5.6 This test method addresses the issue of air leakage through the high pressure face of the test specimen only. Air leakage from the adjacent wall cavity through sill, head, and jambs of the window frame is considered extraneous air leakage and, therefore, not a component of the measured specimen air leakage. Such extraneous air leakage through the perimeter frame of the test specimen can be a significant source of air leakage into, or out of, the building if the frame is not sealed against air infiltration from the adjacent wall cavity.1.1 This test method provides a field procedure for determining the air leakage rates of installed exterior windows and doors.1.2 This test method is applicable to exterior windows and doors and is intended to measure only such leakage associated with the assembly and not the leakage through openings between the assemblies and adjacent construction. The test method can be adapted for the latter purpose, provided the potential paths of air movement and the sources of infiltration and exfiltration can be identified, controlled, or eliminated.1.3 This test method attempts to create and given set of natural environmental conditions. There is a strong possibility that the test method or the test apparatus may, by virtue of their design and use, induce air leakage that does not occur under natural environmental exposure.1.4 This test method is intended for the field testing of installed exterior windows or doors. Persons interested in laboratory testing of fenestration products should reference Test Method E283.1.5 Persons using this procedure should be knowledgeable in the area of fluid mechanics and instrumentation practices, and shall have a general understanding of fenestration products and components.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification establishes the generic criteria requirements of high pure copper sputtering targets used as thin film material for through-silicon vias (TSV) metallization in advanced packaging. It covers purity (metallic and non-metallic element impurities), grain size, inner quality (internal defect), bonding (backing plate, bonding ratio), configuration (dimension, tolerance, surface roughness), and appearance (surface cleanness). It also includes sampling, traceability, reliability, certification, and packaging requirements.1.1 This specification details the generic criteria requirements of high pure copper sputtering targets used as thin film material for through-silicon vias (TSV) metallization in advanced packaging.1.2 Sputtering target purity, grain size, inner quality, bonding, dimension, and appearance specifications are included in this specification along with references for qualification test methods. Reliability, certification, traceability, and packaging requirements are also included.1.2.1 Purity Requirements: 1.2.1.1 Metallic element impurities, and1.2.1.2 Non-metallic element impurities.1.2.2 Grain Size Requirements—Grain size.1.2.3 Inner Quality Requirements—Internal defect.1.2.4 Bonding Requirements: 1.2.4.1 Backing plate, and1.2.4.2 Bonding ratio.1.2.5 Configuration Requirements: 1.2.5.1 Dimension,1.2.5.2 Tolerance, and1.2.5.3 Surface roughness.1.2.6 Appearance Requirements—Surface cleanness.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, perforations, pipe stiffness, elongation, joint separation resistance, quality of extruded polyethylene, brittleness, bond, and marking of corrugated polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings. This specification covers tubularly extruded, spirally laminated, and rotationally molded corrugated polyethylene pipe. Corrugated PE pipe and fittings are intended for underground applications where soil provides support to their flexible walls. Their major use is to collect or convey drainage water, or both. The following tests shall be performed: dimensions and tolerances; pipe stiffness; elongation; pipe stiffness while elongated; joint-separation test; and brittleness.1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, perforations, pipe stiffness, elongation, joint separation resistance, quality of extruded polyethylene, brittleness, bond, and marking of corrugated polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings. It covers nominal sizes 3 in. [76 mm], 4 in. [102 mm], 5 in. [127 mm] 6 in. [152 mm], 8 in. [203 mm], 10 in. [254 mm], 12 in. [305 mm], 15 in. [381 mm], 18 in. [457 mm], and 24 in. [610 mm].1.2 This specification covers tubularly extruded, spirally laminated, and rotationally molded corrugated polyethylene pipe.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determining the air flow characteristics of various components of the window system under specified air pressure differences at ambient conditions.NOTE 3: The air pressure differences acting across a building envelope vary greatly. The factors affecting air pressure differences and the implications or the resulting air leakage relative to the environment within buildings are discussed in the literature.4 ,5,6 These factors should be fully considered in specifying the test pressure differences to be used.5.2 Rates of air leakage are sometimes used for comparison purposes. Such comparisons may not be valid unless the components being tested and compared are of essentially the same size, configuration, and design.1.1 This test method is a modified version of Test Method E283/E283M, and provides a standard laboratory procedure for determining air leakage separately through the face and sides of exterior windows, curtain walls, and doors under specified differential pressure conditions across the specimen. The test method described is for tests with constant temperature and humidity across the specimen.NOTE 1: Detailing buildings with continuous air barriers requires that the air barrier plane in a window system be clearly defined. When special circumstances dictate that the air barrier be sealed to the window frame at a location other than that used to seal the specimen to the test chamber in this test method, additional laboratory testing may be required to clarify potential paths of air flow through the sides of the window frame. The adapted testing procedure described herein is intended for this purpose.1.2 This laboratory procedure is applicable to exterior windows, curtain walls, and doors and is intended to measure only such leakage associated with the assembly and not the installation. The test method can be adapted for the latter purpose.NOTE 2: Performing tests at non-ambient conditions or with a temperature differential across the specimen may affect the air leakage rate. This is not addressed by this test method.1.3 This test method is intended for laboratory use. Persons interested in performing field air leakage tests on installed units should reference Test Method E783. Test Method E783 will not provide the user with a means of determining air flow through the sides of tested specimens.1.4 Persons using this procedure should be knowledgeable in the areas of fluid mechanics, instrumentation practices, and shall have a general understanding of fenestration products and components.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statement see Section 7.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is intended for the determination of the cylinder heat transfer performance value of a flame-resistant material or combination of materials when exposed to a continuous and constant heat source. This is used to compare materials used in flame-resistant clothing for workers when exposed to combined convective and radiant thermal hazards.NOTE 3: Air movement at the face of the specimen and around the calorimeter can affect the measured heat transferred due to forced convective heat losses. Minimizing air movement around the specimen and test apparatus will aid in the repeatability of the results.5.2 This test method maintains the specimen with and without air gaps in a static, horizontal position and does not involve movement unless the test specimen naturally changes due to the thermal exposure.5.3 This test method specifies a standardized 84 ± 2 kW/m2 (2 ± 0.05 cal/cm2·s) exposure condition. Different exposure conditions have the potential to produce different results. Use of other exposure conditions that are representative of the expected hazard are allowed but shall be reported with the results, along with a determination of the exposure energy level stability.5.4 This test method does not predict skin burn injury from the heat exposure.5.5 This test method is similar to Test Method F2700 in that it uses the same energy heat source, water-cooled shutter, data acquisition, and measures the heat transfer through protective clothing materials using a copper calorimeter. This test method differs from Test Method F2700 in the usage of an eccentric instrumented cylinder mounted horizontally that allows for the thermal shrinkage of materials when tested.1.1 This test method measures the thermal response of a material or combination of materials using a combined convective/radiant heat transmission apparatus consisting of an eccentric cylindrical test sensor. It can be used to estimate the non-steady state thermal transfer through flame-resistant materials used in clothing when subjected to a continuous, combined convective and radiant heat exposure. The average incident heat flux is 84 kW/m2 (2 cal/cm2·s), with durations up to 30 s.1.1.1 This test method is not applicable to materials that melt, drip, or cause falling debris during the test.NOTE 1: Because of the arrangement of the equipment, if materials melt, drip, or cause falling debris during the test, the test result is invalid.1.2 Heat transmission through clothing is largely determined by its thickness, including any air gaps. The air gaps can vary considerably in different areas of the human body. This method provides a means of grading materials when tested under standard test conditions and an air gap exists between the fabric and the sensor. During the exposure, fabric temperatures can exceed 400 °C. At these temperatures some fabrics are not dimensionally stable and can shrink or stretch. The cylindrical geometry used in this test method allows such motion to occur, which will affect the time to achieve the end point of the test. These effects are not demonstrated in planar geometry test methods such as Test Method F2700.1.3 This test method is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.4 The measurements obtained and observations noted only apply to the particular material(s) tested using the specified heat flux, flame distribution, and duration.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units or other units commonly used for thermal testing. If appropriate, round the non-SI units for convenience.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The O2GTR is an important determinant of the packaging protection afforded by barrier materials. It is not, however, the sole determinant, and additional tests, based on experience, must be used to correlate packaging performance with O2GTR. It is suitable as a referee method of testing, provided that the purchaser and the seller have agreed on sampling procedures, standardization procedures, test conditions, and acceptance criteria.5.2 Testing which has compared select instruments with other sensors to the instruments specifically described in Test Method D3985 is shown in Section 16, Precision and Bias, of this method.5.3 The Precision and Bias section of this method shows results using several instruments with non-coulometric and coulometric sensors.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the steady-state rate of transmission of oxygen gas through plastics in the form of film, sheeting, laminates, coextrusions, or plastic-coated papers or fabrics. It provides for the determination of (1) oxygen gas transmission rate (O2GTR), (2) the permeance of the film to oxygen gas (PO2), and (3) oxygen permeability coefficient (P′O2) in the case of homogeneous materials.1.2 This test method does not purport to be the only method for measurement of O2GTR. There may be other methods of O2GTR determination that use other oxygen sensors and procedures.1.3 This test method has intentionally been prepared to allow for the use of various sensors, devices, and procedures. The precision and bias of each design needs to be individually established to determine the applicability of that instrument or method to meet the needs of the user.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 General—As the world’s population increases, so does the need for water to meet various needs, as well as the need to manage wastewater. Already accepted and endorsed by the public in many urban and agricultural areas, properly implemented nonpotable water reuse projects can help communities meet water demand and supply challenges without any known significant health risks.4.1.1 Many communities throughout the world are approaching, or have already reached, the limits of their available water supplies; water reuse has become necessary for conserving and extending available water supplies. Where the availability of water limits development, water reuse can facilitate social and economic developmental needs in an environmentally responsible manner.4.1.2 Many communities are also approaching, or have already reached, the limit of available water treatment facilities. New facilities and infrastructure are costly. In-situ water reuse reduces load on community wastewater facilities.4.1.3 Additionally, many communities face increased security issues in safeguarding water sources and treatment. In-situ systems provide for redundancies and diversified systems that decrease security issues associated with centralized facilities.4.2 Sustainable Development—This practice is consistent with the general principles for sustainability relative to building as identified in Guide E2432. It addresses the environmental, economic, and social principles as follows:4.2.1 Environmental—Water is a natural resource. Sustainable use of natural resources requires that the resource is utilized efficiently and in a manner that preserves or enhances the quality of that resource and does not adversely alter the balance between the renewable resource and the rate of consumption for building-related purposes. Utilization of technologies, such as in-situ water reclamation systems that help conserve water enable more sustainable use of water than standard construction.4.2.2 Economic: 4.2.2.1 Direct Costs/Benefits—Direct cost/benefits include first costs/benefits as well as operating costs/benefits such as: utility costs, maintenance and repair costs, and costs associated with replacement of component materials and systems. Utilization of technologies, such as in-situ water reclamation systems that help reduce building demand for potable water can reduce utility costs and prevent moratoriums on new construction.4.2.2.2 Indirect Cost/Benefits—Sustainable building practices seek to identify associated external costs/benefits, minimize associated external costs, and maximize external benefits. Utilization of technologies, such as in-situ water reclamation systems that help reduce the amount of wastewater discharge from a building reduce demands on municipal water infrastructure. This includes costs for centralized treatment and distribution. Significant energy is expended for treatment and distribution of water. For example, in California, an estimated 19 % of electricity, 32 % of natural gas consumption, and 88 billion gallons of diesel fuel annually power the treatment and distribution of water and wastewater.6NOTE 1: The Final Report includes Table 1–2: Range of Energy Intensities for Water Use Cycle Segments, below:6  Range of EnergyIntensity, kWh/MGWater-Use Cycle Segments Low HighWater Supply and Conveyance 0 14 000Water Treatment 100 16 000Water Distribution 700 1 200Wastewater Collection and Treatment 1 100 4 600Wastewater Discharge 0 400Recycled Water Treatment and Distribution 400 1 2004.2.2.3 Social—Sustainable buildings protect and enhance the health, safety, and welfare of building occupants. Utilization of technologies, such as in-situ water reclamation systems that help diversify and decentralize critical health, safety, and welfare infrastructure help promote the safety and security of the general public.4.3 Continual Improvement—No specific technology is required by this practice. Utilization of performance requirements rather than prescriptive requirements is intended to promote continued research, development, and improvement of as in-situ water reclamation systems.1.1 In an effort to help meet growing demands being placed on available water supplies and water treatment facilities, many communities throughout the United States and the world are turning to water reclamation and reuse. Water reclamation and reuse offer an effective means of conserving the Earth’s limited high-quality freshwater supplies while helping to meet the ever growing demands for water in residential, commercial, and institutional development. This practice sets forth a practice for water reuse in buildings and related construction, encompassing both graywater and blackwater in-situ reclamation.1.1.1 This practice specifies parameters for substituting reclaimed water in place of potable water supplies where potable water quality is not required.1.1.2 This practice specifies limitations for use of reclaimed water in-situ. It is not intended for application to the use of reclaimed water delivered from an offsite municipal wastewater treatment facility.1.1.3 This practice specifies performance requirements for in-situ reclaimed water systems. It does not specify particular technology(ies) that must be used. A variety of technologies may satisfy the performance requirements.1.1.4 This practice specifies requirements for water stewardship associated with in-situ water reuse. Consistent with Guide E2432 and for purposes of this practice, water stewardship includes both quantity and quality impacts on water used in buildings.1.2 Implementation of this practice will require professional judgment. Such judgment should be informed by experience with sustainable development, including environmental, economic, and social issues as appropriate to the building use, type, scale, and location.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3.1 Exception—Solely SI units are used in Table 1, Table X3.1, and Table X4.1.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This standard applies to all walk-through metal detectors that are used to find metal contraband concealed or hidden on people.1.2 This standard describes baseline acceptable technical performance requirements, which includes metal object detection performance, safety (electrical, mechanical, fire), electromagnetic compatibility, environmental conditions and ranges, and mechanical durability. The requirements for metal detection performance are unique and, therefore, test methods for these parameters are provided, including the design of test objects. An agency or organization using this standard is encouraged to add their unique operationally-based requirements to those requirements listed in this baseline technical performance standard.NOTE 1: For ease of use, steps of test procedures in this standard are indicated by numbered lists.1.3 This standard describes the use of threat object exemplars, instead of actual threat objects, to test the detection performance of walk-through metal detectors.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This document provides guidelines for dictation techniques and environments that contribute to quality documentation, that is:Educational facilities for the purpose of introducing and training of dictation techniques, andHealthcare professionals for preferred dictation techniques.This document provides recommendations to help create quality documentation for the following reasons:Correct Coding for ReimbursementReports that require no QA intervention increase efficiency of the reimbursement process and reduce discrepancies for the healthcare environment and healthcare provider.Risk Management, Legal, and Peer ReviewReports that require no QA intervention reduce legal exposure for the healthcare environment and the healthcare provider.Improved TATReports that require no QA intervention reduce turnaround time, are more cost-effective, and possibly reduce delay in patient care.Legislative and Regulatory ComplianceDictation performed in preferred environments would not compromise patient confidentiality and the patient's right to privacy and would be compliant with legislative and regulatory requirements.Continuity of Patient CareDocuments with missing text (blanks) compromise quality. These should be filled in or corrected as directed by the dictating author upon authentication of the report.Improved Communication Between Healthcare ProfessionalsTimely quality documentation can enhance communication within the dynamic healthcare setting. Patient safety may also be improved when transcribed documents are used to replace handwritten documentation by healthcare professionals.This document does not address security issues. Refer to Specification E1902.1.1 This guide identifies ways to improve the quality of healthcare documentation through the dictation process. This guide will assist dictating authors (physicians, physician assistants, nurses, therapists, and other healthcare professionals) in facilitating their use of dictation in the healthcare environment, that is, hospital, clinic, physician practice, or multi-campus healthcare system.1.2 This guide will aid in the continuity of patient care, privacy and confidentiality issues, risk management issues, optimal coding for reimbursement, compliance with legislative and regulatory requirements, and turnaround time.1.3 The complexity of the language of medicine, the dynamics of the healthcare environment, and the sophistication of the dictation systems present a formidable challenge for dictating authors. This guide will facilitate a quality dictation message.1.4 This guide does not address the medical transcription process.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

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5.1 The spectrum of the noise in the room below the test specimen is determined by the following:5.1.1 The size and the mechanical properties of the floor-ceiling assembly, such as its construction, surface, mounting or edge restraints, stiffness, or internal damping,5.1.2 The acoustical response of the room below,5.1.3 The placement of the object or device producing the impacts, and5.1.4 The nature of the actual impact itself.5.2 This test method is based on the use of a standardized tapping machine of the type specified in 8.1 placed in specific positions on the floor. This machine produces a continuous series of uniform impacts at a uniform rate on a test floor and generates in the receiving room broadband sound pressure levels that are sufficiently high to make measurements possible beneath most floor types even in the presence of background noise. The tapping machine itself, however, is not designed to simulate any one type of impact, such as produced by male or female footsteps.5.3 Because of its portable design, the tapping machine does not simulate the weight of a human walker. Therefore, the structural sounds, i.e., creaks or booms of a floor assembly caused by such footstep excitation is not reflected in the single number impact rating derived from test results obtained by this test method. The degree of correlation between the results of tapping machine tests in the laboratory and the subjective acceptance of floors under typical conditions of domestic impact excitation is uncertain. The correlation will depend on both the type of floor construction and the nature of the impact excitation in the building.5.4 In laboratories designed to satisfy the requirements of this test method, the intent is that only significant path for sound transmission between the rooms is through the test specimen. This is not generally the case in buildings where there are often many other paths for sounds— flanking sound transmission. Consequently sound ratings obtained using this test method do not relate directly to sound isolation in buildings; they represent an upper limit to what would be measured in a field test.5.5 This test method is not intended for field tests. Field tests are performed according to Test Method E1007.1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of impact sound transmission of floor-ceiling assemblies using a standardized tapping machine. It is assumed that the test specimen constitutes the primary sound transmission path into a receiving room located directly below and that a good approximation to a diffuse sound field exists in this room.1.2 Measurements may be conducted on floor-ceiling assemblies of all kinds, including those with floating-floor or suspended ceiling elements, or both, and floor-ceiling assemblies surfaced with any type of floor-surfacing or floor-covering materials.1.3 This test method prescribes a uniform procedure for reporting laboratory test data, that is, the normalized one-third octave band sound pressure levels transmitted by the floor-ceiling assembly due to the tapping machine.1.4 Laboratory Accreditation—The requirements for accrediting a laboratory for performing this test method are given in Annex A2.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method provides information that aids in evaluating the effect of four principal variables: materials, coatings, wall design, and workmanship.4.2 Water penetration and leakage through masonry is significantly affected by air pressure in the test chamber. Data from tests made at different pressures are not comparable.4.3 The performance of a masonry wall is a function of materials, construction, wall design, and maintenance. In service the performance will also depend on the rigidity of supporting structure and on the resistance of components to deterioration by various causes, such as corrosion, vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, curing, and others. It is impossible to simulate the complex conditions encountered in service, such as variations in wind velocity, negative pressure, and lateral or upward moving air and water. Factors such as location, exposure, and wall openings should be considered.4.4 Given the complexity of variables noted above, this test method establishes comparative behavior between various masonry wall constructions in a given laboratory.4.5 Even when a single laboratory tests the same wall design utilizing the same wall materials and the same construction practices, variables such as the level of skill of the mason building the specimen, the temperature and humidity in the laboratory at the time of construction, curing of the specimen, the moisture contents of the materials used to build the specimen, and even the use or lack of use of a lime and water wash on the back of the specimen can affect the results of the test making reliable comparisons dubious. For these reasons and the multi-variables listed in 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3, a meaningful, useful, absolute wall leakage rating standard is impractical and discouraged.4.6 This test method is similar to but distinct from field Test Method C1601. This standard is a laboratory test method designed to test laboratory fabricated wall specimens and measures the water that has penetrated into and through the masonry specimen and is collected. Test Method C1601 is a field test method designed to test in-situ walls and measures water penetration of the masonry at its surface. Results from Test Method C1601 and Test Method E514/E514M are not the same.1.1 This laboratory test method2 provides a procedure for determining the resistance to water penetration and leakage through unit masonry subjected to wind-driven rain. This test method is not identical to and the results are not the same as field standard Test Method C1601. This test method measures through-wall water penetration, whereas Test Method C1601 only measures surface water penetration.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 6.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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It is standard practice to use magnetron cathode sputter deposition sources in manufacturing thin film magnetic data storage media. But a ferromagnetic sputtering target tends to shunt a sputtering cathode's magnetic field, thus reducing the efficiency of the sputtering process. Makers of sputtering targets have developed various means of controlling alloy microstructure to minimize the undesirable cathode shunting effect. Because of their differing manufacturing methods, however, the targets of one supplier may have magnetic properties significantly better or worse than those of another, even when the alloy compositions are the same. This test method permits comparing the magnetic shunting power of magnetic targets under a standard test condition. The results are useful to sputtering target suppliers and buyers in predicting target performance, in specifying target quality, and in qualifying incoming target shipments. This test may also be useful in quantifying target improvement efforts. Manufacturing process steps that lower a target material's magnetic permeability tend to increase the PTF, and vice versa. It would in principle be possible to predict the PTF by accumulating sufficient permeability data, and knowing the target thickness and the field intensity of the magnetic assembly used for magnetron sputtering.1.1 This test method covers measuring the dc magnetic field transmitted through a ferromagnetic sputtering target (“pass through flux” or “PTF”). In this test method the source magnetic field is in the test target's circumferential direction. 1.2 Planar disk-shaped targets in the diameter range 5 to 8 in. inclusive (125 to 205 mm inclusive) and of thickness 0.1 to 0.5 in. inclusive (2.5 to 13 mm) may be characterized by this procedure. 1.3 This test method is also applicable to targets having an open center, for example, to targets 5-in. outside diameter by 2.5-in. inside diameter by 0.25-in. thick (127-mm outside diameter by 63.5-mm inside diameter by 6.35-mm thick). 1.4 Targets of various diameters and thicknesses are accommodated by suitable fixturing to align the piece under test with the source magnet mounted in the test fixture. Tooling, covering several popular target designs is specified in this procedure. Additional target configurations may be tested by providing special tooling. When special fixturing is used all parties concerned with the testing must agree to the test setup. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 This test method measures the level of heat transfer through the thermal barrier textile material within a specific period of time.5.2 This test method is used to evaluate thermal barriers and determine if they are able to withstand impingement by an open flame.5.2.1 This test method is used to evaluate heat transfer when thermal barrier textile materials are used in conjunction with materials that demonstrate any of the following behaviors when exposed to high heat:break opencharringdrippingembrittlementignitionmeltingshrinkage5.3 This test method cannot be used in place of the full scale test method U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) 16 CFR 1633.NOTE 1: This test method is intended to be used to evaluate thermal barrier textile material, used as the thermal barrier component for mattresses that are tested to comply with 16 CFR 1633. Data obtained by using this method is intended to provide information as to whether it would be helpful to proceed with the full scale testing.5.3.1 This test method can be used as part of a supplier quality assurance program.5.4 This test method is not intended to be used in evaluating heat transfer of thermal barrier textile materials used in protective clothing.5.5 This test method is not recommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, since information on interlaboratory precision is incomplete. In some cases the purchaser and the supplier shall agree to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials and establish their own interlaboratory precision and bias, and also agree on acceptability limits.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of heat transfer of textile materials which are used as thermal barriers when exposed to a calibrated convective and radiant energy heat source for 60 s.1.1.1 This standard is used to determine if the heat transfer is sufficient to ignite flammable materials which are contiguous to the textile thermal barriers.1.2 This standard is used as a means to differentiate textile materials.1.3 This test method is not intended to measure the insulation properties of materials used in protective clothing.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The injectivity of a water is best determined by measurements as near to the well as possible to minimize changes in water properties due to air contact and time. This practice describes how core flow tests are carried out near the well.5.2 This practice permits the differentiation of permeability losses from the effects of chemical interaction of water and rock and from the effects of plugging by suspended solids. The procedure can be utilized to estimate the chemical and filtration requirements for the full-scale injection project.5.3 Application of the test results to injection wells requires consideration of test core selection and geometry effects.5.4 This practice as described assumes that the water does not contain free oil or other immiscible hydrocarbons. The presence of free oil would require the method to be modified to account for the effect of oil saturation in the test cores on the water permeability.1.1 This practice covers a procedure for conducting on-site core flood tests to determine the filtration and chemical treatment requirements for subsurface injection of water.2, 31.2 This practice applies to water disposal, secondary recovery, and enhanced oil recovery projects and is applicable to injection waters with all ranges of total dissolved solids contents.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the material, design, manufacture, performance, operation, functioning, and testing requirements for United States Coast Guard (USCG) Type II Marine Sanitation Devices or IMO MARPOL 73/78 Annex IV flow through treatment device intended to process sewage and graywater generated during the ship's normal service. It is intended for use by purchasers, designers, and manufacturers of shipboard environmental pollution control equipment to determine the requirements for equipment purchase, equipment use, and design considerations. The marine sanitation devices shall perform accordingly to the following tests: vibration test; shock test; rolling test; pressure test; pressure and vacuum pulse test; temperature range test; chemical resistance test; operability test; sewage processing test; coliform test; suspended solids test; and ignition prevention test. Aside from meeting the requirements set forth herein, the devices shall also be designed and installed to conform to human engineering principles to th degree that it can be operated and maintained by males and females of specified heights.1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture, performance, operation, and testing of flow through treatment systems intended to process sewage or graywater, or both, generated during a ship's normal service. This specification is intended for use by designers, manufacturers, purchasers, and operators of shipboard environmental pollution control equipment to determine the requirements for equipment design, manufacture, purchase, and in-service operation.1.2 The treatment system shall be capable of meeting the effluent requirements detailed in Section 4 with respect to a ship's operational area.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车