This specification covers gray iron for castings suitable for pressure-containing parts at elevated temperatures. Castings shall be stress-relieved by placing them in a suitable furnace and heating them uniformly to the temperatures and for the times specified. Castings to be used at a particular temperature range shall undergo heat treatment and cooling. Chemical analysis shall be performed on each class of castings and shall meet the maximum requirement for carbon, phosphorus and sulfur. Iron used in supplying castings shall conform to the required tensile strength. Separately cast test bars having the required dimensions shall be poured from the same lot as the castings represented. The test bars shall be cast in dried siliceous sand molds maintained at approximately room temperature. Tension test shall be performed on each lot and materials shall conform to the tensile requirements specified.1.1 This specification2 covers gray iron for castings suitable for pressure-containing parts for use at temperatures up to 650 °F (350 °C).1.2 Classes of Iron: 1.2.1 Castings of all classes are suitable for use up to 450 °F (230 °C). For temperatures above 450 °F and up to 650 °F, only Class 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 castings are suitable.1.2.2 Castings of all classes are suitable for use up to 230 °C. For temperatures above 230 °C and up to 350 °C, only Class 275, 300, 325, 350, 380, and 415 castings are suitable.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This specification covers gray iron for castings suitable for pressure-containing parts for use at temperatures up to 350°C.1.2 Castings of all classes are suitable for use up to 230°C. For temperatures above 230°C and up to 350°C, only Class 275, 300, 325, 350, 380, and 415 castings are suitable.1.3 This specification is the SI companion to Specification A278.

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5.1 This practice is for the sampling and analysis of existing built-up roof systems. For roofs under construction, use Practice D3617/D3617M.1.1 This practice is a guide for removing test specimens from existing built-up roofing systems in the field and for determining the approximate quantities of the components of that specimen (Note 1). Components determined may be:1.1.1 Insulation components when they are part of the roof membrane system,1.1.2 Plies of roofing felt,1.1.3 Interply layers of bituminous material,1.1.4 Top coating, and1.1.5 Surfacing.NOTE 1: This procedure is for the investigation of existing roofs and is not intended for new construction inspection.1.2 This practice is applicable to both 914 mm [36 in.] and 1000 mm [393/8 in.] wide felt rolls.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary information, see 6.3.2.1.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 This terminology defines basic terms and considerations for components of thumb-type surgical forceps. Instruments with this terminology are limited to those fabricated from stainless steel and used for surgical procedures.1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This guide supersedes the slope guidelines of Appendix X1 of Specification D 312.Hot-applied roofing asphalt serves both as the waterproofing agent and adhesive for construction of built-up roofing membranes. There are many variables that may affect the performance of BUR membranes. This guide provides general specification guidelines for the asphalt only.1.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide advice for the selection of asphalt used in the construction of built-up roofing (BUR). This guide does not address the use of asphalt in waterproofing, cold-applied, or modified bituminous roofing.1.2 Reinforcements considered for use with roofing asphalt include ply sheets, (see Specifications D 226, D 2178, and D 5726), base sheets (see Specifications D 2626, D 4601, and D 4897), and cap sheets (see Specification D 3909). They consist of glass, organic, or synthetic fibers.1.3 The use of asphalt in the placement of vapor retarders and rigid roof insulation also is addressed.

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This specification covers malleable iron flanges, pipe fittings, and valve parts, including parts to be assembled for use in railroad, marine, and other heavy duty service applications. The sizes, shapes, and dimensions of the fittings shall conform to the requirements specified. The iron shall be produced under constant control of chemical composition and physical properties. Records of the chemical composition of the iron and of the physical properties of the test specimens shall be systematically made and maintained.1.1 This specification covers malleable iron flanges, pipe fittings, and valve parts, including parts to be assembled for use in railroad, marine, and other heavy-duty service applications where fittings furnished in accordance with American National Standard for Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings, Classes 150 and 300 (ANSI B16.3) are not considered adequate.1.2 Service shall include up to 650 °F (345 °C).21.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 Personnel utilizing reference radiographs to this standard shall be qualified to perform radiographic interpretation in accordance with a nationally or internationally recognized NDT personnel qualification practice or standard and certified by the employer or certifying agency, as applicable. The practice or standard used and its applicable revision shall be identified in the contractual agreement between the using parties. If assistance is needed with interpreting specifications and product requirements as applied to the reference radiographs, a certified Level III shall be consulted before accept/reject decisions are made (if the Level III is the radiographic interpreter, this may be the same person).4.2 Graded reference images are intended to provide a guide enabling recognition of specific casting discontinuity types and relative severity levels that may be encountered during typical fabrication processes. Reference images containing ungraded discontinuities are provided as a guide for recognition of a specific casting discontinuity type where severity levels are not needed. These reference images are intended as a basis from which manufacturers and purchasers may, by mutual agreement, select particular discontinuity classes to serve as standards representing minimum levels of acceptability (see Sections 6 and 7).4.3 Reference images represented by this standard may be used, as agreed upon in a purchaser supplier agreement, for energy levels, thicknesses, or both outside the range of this standard when determined applicable for the casting service application.4.4 Procedures for evaluation of production images using applicable reference images of this standard are prescribed in Section 8; however, there may be manufacturing-purchaser issues involving specific casting service applications where it may be appropriate to modify or alter such requirements. Where such modifications may be appropriate for the casting application, all such changes shall be specifically called-out in the purchaser supplier agreement or contractual document. Section 9 addresses purchaser supplier requisites for where weld repairs may be required.4.5 Agreement should be reached between cognizant engineering organization and the supplier that the system used by the supplier is capable of detecting and classifying the required discontinuities.1.1 These digital reference images illustrate various categories, types, and severity levels of discontinuities occurring in steel castings that have section thicknesses up to 2 in. (50.8 mm). The digital reference images are an adjunct to this standard and must be purchased separately from ASTM International, if needed (see 2.3). Categories and severity levels for each discontinuity type represented by these digital reference images are described in 1.2.NOTE 1: The basis of application for these reference images requires a prior purchaser supplier agreement of radiographic examination attributes and acceptance criteria as described in Sections 4, 6, and 7 of this standard.1.2 These digital reference images consist of three separate volumes (see Note 2) as follows: (I) medium voltage (nominal 250-kV) X-rays, (II) 1-MV X-rays and Iridium-192 radiation, and (III) 2-MV to 4-MV X-rays and Cobalt-60 radiation. Unless otherwise specified in a purchaser supplier agreement (see 1.1), each volume is for comparison only with production digital images produced with radiation energy levels within the thickness range covered by this standard. Each volume consists of six categories of graded discontinuities of increasing severity level and four categories of ungraded discontinuities. Reference images containing ungraded discontinuities are provided as a guide for recognition of a specific casting discontinuity type where severity levels are not needed. The following is a list of discontinuity categories, types, and severity levels for the adjunct digital reference images of this standard:1.2.1 Category A – Gas porosity; severity levels 1 through 5.1.2.2 Category B – Sand and slag inclusions; severity levels 1 through 5.1.2.3 Category C – Shrinkage; 4 types:1.2.3.1 Ca–linear shrinkage– Severity levels 1 through 5.1.2.3.2 Cb–feathery shrinkage– Severity levels 1 through 5.1.2.3.3 Cc–sponge shrinkage– Severity levels 1 through 5.1.2.3.4 Cd–combinations of linear, feathery, and sponge shrinkage – Severity levels 1 through 5.1.2.4 Category D–Crack; 1 illustration.1.2.5 Category E–Hot Tear; 1 illustration.1.2.6 Category F–Insert; 1 illustration.1.2.7 Category G–Mottling; 1 illustration. (See Note 3.)NOTE 2: The digital reference images consist of the following:Volume I: Medium Voltage (nominal 250-kVp) X-Ray Reference Images – Set of 34 illustrations.Volume II: 1-MV X-Rays and Iridium-192 Reference Images – Set of 34 illustrations.Volume III: 2-MV to 4-MV X-Rays and Cobalt-60 Reference Images – Set of 34 illustrations.NOTE 3: Although Category G – Mottling is listed for all three volumes, the appearance of mottling is dependent on the level of radiation energy. Mottling appears reasonably prominent in Volume I; however, because of the higher radiation energy levels mottling may not be apparent in Volume II nor Volume III.1.3 All areas of this standard may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These items should be addressed in the purchase order or the contract.1.4 These digital reference images are not intended to illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities found in steel castings up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in thickness when performing film radiography. If performing film radiography of steel castings up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in thickness, refer to Reference Radiographs E446.1.5 Only licensed copies of the software and images shall be utilized for production inspection. A copy of the ASTM/User license agreement shall be kept on file for audit purposes. (See Note 4.)NOTE 4: Each volume of digital reference images consists of 7 digital data files, software to load the desired format and specific instructions on the loading process. The 34 reference images in each volume illustrate six categories of graded discontinuities and four categories of ungraded discontinuities and contain an image of a step wedge. Available from ASTM International Headquarters, Order No: RRE286801 for Volume I, RRE286802 for Volume II, and RRE286803 for Volume III.1.6 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Personnel utilizing reference radiographs to this standard shall be qualified and authorized to perform radiographic interpretation in accordance with a nationally or internationally recognized NDT personnel qualification practice or standard such as ANSI/ASNT-CP-189, SNT-TC-1A, NAS 410, ISO 9712, or a similar document and certified by the employer or certifying agency, as applicable. The practice or standard used and its applicable revision shall be identified in the contractual agreement between the using parties. A certified Level III shall be available to assist with interpreting specifications and product requirements as applied to the reference radiographs (if the Level III is the radiographic interpreter, this may be the same person).4.2 Graded reference radiographs are intended to provide a guide enabling recognition of specific casting discontinuity types and relative severity levels that may be encountered during typical fabrication processes. Reference radiographs containing ungraded discontinuities are provided as a guide for recognition of a specific casting discontinuity type where severity levels are not needed. These reference radiographs are intended as a basis from which manufacturers and purchasers may, by mutual agreement, select particular discontinuity classes to serve as standards representing minimum levels of acceptability (see Sections 6 and 7).4.3 Reference radiographs represented by this standard may be used, as agreed upon in a purchaser supplier agreement, for energy levels, thicknesses, or both, outside the range of this standard when determined applicable for the casting service application. Severity levels of similar discontinuity categories and energy level range of Reference Radiographs E186 reference radiographs may alternatively be used, as determined appropriate for the casting service application, if so agreed upon in the purchaser supplier agreement (see Note 2 and 5.1).4.4 Procedures for evaluation of production radiographs using applicable reference radiographs of this standard are prescribed in Section 8; however, there may be manufacturing-purchaser issues involving specific casting service applications where it may be appropriate to modify or alter such requirements. Where such modifications may be appropriate for the casting application, all such changes shall be specifically called-out in the purchaser supplier agreement or contractual document. Section 9 addresses purchaser supplier requisites for where weld repairs may be required.1.1 These reference radiographs2 illustrate various categories, types, and severity levels of discontinuities occurring in steel castings that have section thicknesses up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) (see Note 2). The reference radiograph films are an adjunct to this standard and must be purchased separately from ASTM International, if needed (see 2.2). Categories and severity levels for each discontinuity type represented by these reference radiographs are described in 1.3.NOTE 1: The basis of application for these reference radiographs requires a prior purchaser supplier agreement of radiographic examination attributes and classification criterion as described in Sections 4, 6, and 7 of this standard.NOTE 2: Reference radiographs previously used for this thickness range carried the designation E71, but included a now rarely used gamma source, that is, radium. The current document is also updated by inclusion of several recognized shrinkage or C categories and by elimination of the crack and hot tear categories, except for one example of each of these discontinuity types. Reference radiographs for thicker sections may be found in Reference Radiographs E186 and E280. Reference Radiographs E446 and E186 provide some overlap of severity levels for similar discontinuity categories within the same energy level range (see 4.3, 5.1, and 6.3).1.2 These film reference radiographs are not intended to illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities found in steel castings when performing digital radiography. If performing digital radiography of steel castings up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in thickness, refer to Digital Reference Image Standard E2868.1.3 These reference radiographs consist of three separate volumes (see Note 3) as follows: (I) medium voltage (nominal 250-kV) X-rays. (II) 1-MV X-rays and Iridium-192 radiation, and (III) 2-MV to 4-MV X-rays and cobalt-60 radiation. Unless otherwise specified in a purchaser supplier agreement (see 1.1), each volume is for comparison only with production radiographs produced with radiation energy levels within the thickness range covered by this standard. Each volume consists of six categories of graded discontinuities of increasing severity level and four categories of ungraded discontinuities. Reference radiographs containing ungraded discontinuities are provided as a guide for recognition of a specific casting discontinuity type where severity levels are not needed. Following is a list of discontinuity categories, types and severity levels for the adjunct reference radiographs of this standard:1.3.1 Category A—Gas porosity; severity levels 1 through 5.1.3.2 Category B—Sand and slag inclusions; severity levels 1 through 5.1.3.3 Category C—Shrinkage; 4 types:1.3.3.1 Ca—linear shrinkage—Severity levels 1 through 5.1.3.3.2 Cb—feathery shrinkage—Severity levels 1 through 5.1.3.3.3 Cc—sponge shrinkage—Severity levels 1 through 5.1.3.3.4 Cd—combinations of linear, feathery and sponge shrinkage—Severity levels 1 through 5.1.3.4 Category D—Crack; 1 illustration.1.3.5 Category E—Hot tear; 1 illustration.1.3.6 Category F—Insert; 1 illustration.1.3.7 Category G—Mottling; 1 illustration.NOTE 3: The reference radiographs consist of the following:  Volume I: Medium Voltage (nominal 250 kVp) X-ray Reference Radiographs—set of 34 illustrations (nominal 5 by 7 in.) in a 15 by 17-in. ring binder. Volume II: 1-MV X-rays and Iridium-192 Reference Radiographs—Set of 34 illustrations (nominal 5 by 7 in.) in a 15 by 17-in. ring binder.  Volume III: 2-MV to 4-MV X-rays and Cobalt-60 Reference Radiographs—Set of 34 illustrations (nominal 5 by 7 in.) in a 15 by 17-in. ring binder.NOTE 4: Although Category G–Mottling is listed for all three volumes, the appearance of mottling is dependent on the level of radiation energy. Mottling appears reasonably prominent in Volume I; however, because of the higher radiation energy levels mottling may not be apparent in Volume II nor Volume III.1.4 From time to time, there may be minor changes to the process for manufacturing of the reference radiograph adjunct materials. These changes could include changes in the films or processing chemicals used, changes in the dies or printing for the cardboard mats, etc.; however, in all cases, these changes are reviewed by the Illustration Monitoring Subcommittee and all reference radiographs are reviewed against a fixed prototype image to ensure that there are no changes to the acceptance level represented by the reference radiographs. Therefore, the adjunct reference radiographs remain valid for use with this standard regardless of the date of production or the revision level of the text standard.1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The relationship of the length of a piece of fabric and the length of yarn in the fabric can be determined accurately only be measuring the length of yarn entering the loom and the length of fabric made from that particular length of yarn. In most cases, however, the determination must of necessity be made on a woven fabric by measuring the length of yarn removed from a measured length of fabric, thus introducing certain variations that will influence the accuracy of the test. Yarn removed from the woven fabric contains undulations or waves that have been introduced by the weaving process. Heat, moisture, and mechanical shrinkage on subsequent finishing operations may accentuate these undulations, and in all probability, increase the force to pull them out and straighten the yarn. In order to accurately measure the length of the yarn after the removal of the crimp, these undulations must be pulled out without elongating the yarn. In some cases, the minimum force necessary to straighten the yarn will cause a certain amount of the elongation to take place, thus increasing the length of the yarn. Also, stresses imposed upon the yarn during the weaving process may have been sufficient to stretch the yarn beyond its elastic limit, again increasing its length. It is recognized that determination made by measuring length of yarn removed from a measured length of fabric may tend to give crimp values that are somewhat higher than the crimp in the yarn as it lay in the fabric. In the case of fabrics made from yarns that exhibit differential shrinkage, or yarns of widely different count, or yarns woven at different tensions, the crimp of each type of yarn in the fabric must be determined and reported separately.5.2 This test method can be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments but comparisons should be made with caution because information on estimates of between-laboratory precision is limited as noted in 13.1.5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if their is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, ensure the test samples to be used are as homogeneous as possible, are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relationship between the length of a piece of fabric and the length of the yarn in the fabric by measurement of the yarn crimp and yarn take-up.1.2 This test method applies to woven fabrics.1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

4.1 Use this practice to identify and measure the amount of actual and effective floor area that will be unavailable to occupants for the placement of people’s workplaces, furniture, and equipment or for circulation.4.2 Findings from use of this practice are intended for optional inclusion with reports of floor area measured in accordance with Practice E1836/E1836M or in accordance with ANSI/BOMA Z65.1–1996.NOTE 1: The choice between using Practice E1836/E1836M or ANSI/BOMA Z65.1–1996 as the basis for measurement depends on the objectives of the analysis. Practice E1836/E1836M is oriented to the traditional interests of design professionals and would be particularly suitable for single-tenant buildings whereas some categories of space measured by ANSI/BOMA Z65.1–1996 are oriented to the leasing of multi-tenant buildings by real estate professionals.4.3 this practice is not intended for use for regulatory purposes, nor for fire hazard assessment, nor for fire risk assessment.1.1 This practice specifies how to measure certain characteristics of a building, known as building loss features, inside the exterior gross area of a floor and how to calculate the amount of actual and effective floor area that will be not be available for the placement of people’s workplaces, furniture, equipment, or for circulation, if using standard furnishings and orthogonal furniture systems.1.2 This practice can be used to specify a performance requirement to limit the amount of floor area that may be taken up by building loss features.1.3 This practice can be used to assess how well a design(s) for an office facility meets a performance requirement regarding floor area.1.4 This practice can be used to assess how well a constructed office building has met a performance requirement regarding floor area.1.5 This practice is not intended for and not suitable for use for regulatory purposes, fire hazard assessment, and fire risk assessment.1.6 Users of this practice should recognize that, in some situations, the amount of certain actual and effective floor area losses may be mitigated to some degree at some cost by custom-tailoring spaces and creating specially fitted furnishings and carpentry to get some value from space which would not otherwise be usable.1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 Personnel Qualification—Personnel utilizing reference radiographs to this standard shall be qualified to perform radiographic interpretation in accordance with a nationally or internationally recognized NDT personnel qualification practice or standard and certified by the employer or certifying agency, as applicable. The practice or standard used and its applicable revision shall be identified in the contractual agreement between the using parties. Personnel shall be authorized to perform radiographic interpretation by the employer. A certified Level III shall be available to assist with interpreting specifications and product requirements as applied to the reference radiographs (if the Level III is the radiographic interpreter, this may be the same person).4.2 These reference radiographs, along with the referenced applicable steel casting standards (Reference Radiographs E186 and E446), are supplied as a means of establishing categories and severity levels of common internal discontinuity types in gray iron castings subjected to radiographic examination. They may be used in accordance with contractual specifications as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.4.3 The use of this standard is not intended to be restricted to the specific energy level or to the absolute thickness limits that are contained in this standard title. The title is intended to be descriptive and not restrictive. This document may be used, where there is no other applicable document, for other energy levels or thicknesses, or both, for which it is found to be applicable and for which agreement has been reached between purchaser and supplier.1.1 These reference radiographs for gray iron castings consist of one set of illustrations of centerline shrinkage with severity levels 1 to 5 using three radiation source types as follows:1.1.1 Volume I: Medium Voltage (Nominal 250 kVp) X-ray Reference Radiographs—Set of 5 severity levels in a 15 by 17 in. folder.1.1.2 Volume II: Iridium-192 Reference Radiographs—Set of 5 severity levels in a 15 by 17 in. folder.1.1.3 Volume III: Cobalt-60 Reference Radiographs—Set of 5 severity levels in a 15 by 17 in. folder.NOTE 1: The reference radiograph films are an adjunct to this document and must be purchased separately from ASTM International if needed.1.2 From time to time, there may be minor changes to the process for manufacturing of the reference radiograph adjunct materials. These changes could include changes in the films or processing chemicals used, changes in the dies or printing for the cardboard mats, etc.; however, in all cases, these changes are reviewed by the Illustration Monitoring Subcommittee and all reference radiographs are reviewed against a fixed prototype image to ensure that there are no changes to the acceptance level represented by the reference radiographs. Therefore, the adjunct reference radiographs remain valid for use with this standard regardless of the date of production or the revision level of the text standard.1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This practice describes the standard procedure for sampling, analysis, and removal of specimens in built-up bituminous roof systems during application, but before the application of flood coating and top surfacing, for determining the approximate quantities of the components and the possible presence of moisture, or dry spots between plies, in the field. These components may be composed of insulation (when part of the roof membrane system), plies of roofing felt, interply layers of bituminous material, and top coating (if present, before any surfacing aggregate has been applied). Appropriate calculation procedures are also indicated herein.1.1 This practice is a guide for removing specimens for built-up bituminous roof systems during application, but before the application of flood coating and top surfacing, for determining the approximate quantities of the components and the possible presence of moisture, or dry spots between plies, in the field. Components may consist of:1.1.1 Insulation, when part of the roof membrane system,1.1.2 Plies of roofing felt,1.1.3 Interply layers of bituminous material, and1.1.4 Top coating, if present, before any surfacing aggregate has been applied.1.2 This practice is applicable to both 914 mm [36 in.] and 1000 mm [393/8 in.] wide felt rolls.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 This test method serves as a laboratory control test. Types of pavement markings that can be tested with this method are waterborne traffic paint, solvent borne traffic paint, and some two component 100 % solids liquid pavement markings, such as epoxy and modified epoxy pavement markings. If wet film thickness, temperature, and humidity are controlled within the tolerances specified herein, this method can be useful for relative testing of pavement markings and potentially for qualification of pavement markings for field application in approved specifications. For improved repeatability and meaningful comparison of pavement markings samples being tested, consistent air flow over the pavement marking films during testing is important. The buyer and seller should agree upon the air flow conditions, whether it be static or carefully regulated air flow (see 4.6.1 and 4.6.2). Because of the many variables operative in the field application of pavement markings (for example, wet film thickness, air temperature, humidity, wind speed, pavement type (asphalt or concrete), film profile over pavement, pavement temperature, pavement porosity, pavement moisture content, and the presence or absence of direct sunlight during striping), a direct correlation between the results of this test and field applications is difficult to obtain. However, relative field performance can be predicted using this method if the testing protocol is adhered to. For testing of two component 100 % solids liquid pavement markings an application of drop on retroreflective optics are typically applied at a specified rate to the markings prior to testing. For these types of pavement markings the regulation of air flow is not necessary due to the drying mechanics of the product.1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the no-pick-up time of pavement markings. The method uses a wheel consisting of a metal cylinder with rubber O-rings. The wheel is rolled down a ramp over a freshly applied pavement marking film repeatedly until there is no transfer of the marking material to the rubber rings. The elapsed time from pavement marking film application to point of no marking material transfer is the no-pick-up time. Key variables to be controlled during testing are wet film thickness, temperature, humidity, air flow, and use of retroreflective optics. This standard provides three options for the testing of the no-pick-up time for pavement markings. The first option, Method A, specifies controls for temperature, humidity, and air flow during testing; a second option, Method B, specifies controls for temperature and humidity during testing, and a third option, Method C, provides guidance for performing this with a drop on application of retroreflective optics such as glass beads, Waterborne and Solvent Borne pavement markings are typically tested using Procedure A or Procedure B, without the application of drop on retroreflective optics. Pavement markings that are two component 100 % solids are typically tested using Method C.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification establishes the requirements for 0.070 in. wall thickness crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing that is outside diameter controlled, and intended for non-potable radiant heating applications for pressures up to 75 psig. It covers requirements and test methods for material, workmanship, dimensions, burst pressure, hydrostatic sustained pressure, bent-tube hydrostatic pressure, environmental stress cracking, stabilizer functionality, excessive temperature and degree of crosslinking, as well as requirements for tubing markings.1.1 This specification covers 0.070 in. wall thickness crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing that is outside diameter controlled, and intended for non-potable radiant heating applications for pressures up to 75 psig in sizes 5/8 NTS (nominal tubing size) and 7/8 NTS. This specification also includes fittings that are specifically designed for this 0.070 in.-wall PEX tubing. Only maximum 75-psig relief valves shall be used with this tubing. Included in this specification are requirements and test methods for material, workmanship, dimensions, burst pressure, hydrostatic sustained pressure, environmental stress cracking, stabilizer functionality, bent-tube hydrostatic pressure, excessive temperature and degree of crosslinking. Requirements for tubing markings are also given. This specification incorporates an optional middle or outer oxygen barrier layer. This tubing is not intended for field bending at temperatures above 120 ºF (49 ºC).1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This practice contains a mechanism to determine that the hazardous constituents have been remediated to an acceptable level.This practice assists both the regulator and the owner/operator in establishing cost-effective steps and procedures necessary to determine if the site has achieved its objective for site closure.This practice can be applied to hazardous and nonhazardous spills or leaks, surface impoundments, waste piles, buildings, and tanks. The general nature of this practice allows its use in a large variety of situations.1.1 This practice covers the steps necessary to determine if a site is ready for closure with emphasis on general sampling techniques and how to determine if the agreed upon level of remediation has been achieved.1.2 A minimum of statistical procedures is used in this practice.1.3 The standard practice does not address radioactive waste sites nor does it cover every situation that can occur in the field. It does cover the following general sampling techniques: soil sampling, swipe sampling of buildings and equipment, surface impoundments, waste piles, and layered tanks. It does not cover drum sampling, general water sampling and monitoring wells and their construction.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. the values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元