定价： 515元 加购物车

1.1 This terminology covers terms and their definitions relevant to the materials and processes associated with rolling element bearings.1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

定价： 571元 加购物车

This specification covers the establishment of requirements for lined journal bearings for use on locomotive tenders, passenger cars, and freight equipment cars. Before lining, the brass backs shall be bored and thoroughly tinned in accordance with the best standard practice. After lining, the ends of the bearings shall be made smooth by scraping, filing, or machining. The backing metal shall conform to the requirements specified for named elements for copper alloy UNS No. C94100. The lining metal shall conform to the chemical composition requirements specified for named elements. The finished bearing representing a lot for acceptance shall be broken, either longitudinally or transversely, or both, in order to ascertain the uniformity of the grain of the metal. The chemical analysis of the lining shall be made accordingly.1.1 This specification covers the establishment of requirements for lined journal bearings for use on locomotive tenders, passenger cars, and freight equipment cars. The alloy specified is UNS No. C94100.21.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 加购物车

This specification covers standards for carburizing steels to be used in anti-friction bearings. Materials shall conform to carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, copper, oxygen, and aluminum contents. Materials shall adhere to inclusion ratings set for thin and heavy series. Grain size and hardenability requirements shall be followed. Decarburization and surface imperfections of hot-rolled, cold-finished, or annealed bars and tubes shall not exceed specified limits as measured through microscopical methods.1.1 This specification covers the requirements for carburizing bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings.1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

5.1 This standard is intended as a guideline for the justification of oil test selection for monitoring plain bearing conditions. One should employ a continuous benchmarking against similar applications to ensure lessons learned are continuously being implemented.5.2 Selection of oil tests for the purpose of detecting plain bearing failure modes requires good understanding of equipment design, operating requirements, and surrounding conditions. Specifically, detailed knowledge is required of bearing design configuration, dimensional tolerances, load directions, design limitations, lubrication mechanisms, lubricant characteristics, and metallurgy of lubricated surfaces. Equipment criticality and accessibility as well as application of other monitoring techniques (for example, vibration, ultrasound, or thermal images) are also critical information in this analysis process. In addition, detailed knowledge of the lubricating oil is paramount.5.3 To properly apply the FMEA methodology, users must understand the changes encountered in the system during all operating modes, their impact on design functions, and available monitoring techniques capable of detecting these changes. To demonstrate this approach, Section 6 will provide extensive descriptions of the plain bearing failure modes, their causes, and effects.1.1 This guide covers an oil test selection process for plain bearing applications by applying the principles of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) as described in Guide D7874.1.2 This guide approaches oil analysis from a failure standpoint and includes both the bearing wear and fluid deterioration.1.3 This guide pertains to improving equipment reliability, reducing maintenance costs, and enhancing the condition-based maintenance program primarily for industrial machinery by applying analytical methodology to an oil analysis program for the purpose of determining the detection capability of specific failure modes.1.4 This guide reinforces the requirements for appropriate assembly and operation within the original design envelope, as well as the need for condition-based and time-based maintenance.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

This specification covers annular ball bearings intended primarily for use in instrument and precision rotating components. Annular ball bearings for instrument and precision rotating components shall be of the following types, as specified: type I - deep groove, unflanged; type II - deep groove, flanged; type III - deep groove, unflanged, inner ring extended; type IV - deep groove, flanged, inner ring extended; type V - angular contact, unflanged, nonseparable, and counterbored outer ring; type VI - angular contact, flanged, nonseparable, and counterbored outer ring on flange side; type VII - angular contact, unflanged, separable, and stepped inner ring; type VIII - angular contact, flanged, separable, and stepped inner ring; type IX - angular contact, unflanged, nonseparable, and stepped inner ring. Materials inspection, passivation test, visual inspection, dimensional inspections, radial internal clearance, torque test, ball quality inspection, hardness test, surface roughness test, dimensional stability test, lubricant inspection, and calibration classification inspection shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed.1.1 This specification covers annular ball bearings intended primarily for use in instrument and precision rotating components. Instrument and precision ball bearings should meet tolerances specified in ABMA Standard 12.2, Instrument Ball Bearings Inch Design for Classes ABEC 5P and 7P.1.2 Intended Use—Ball bearings defined by this specification are intended for use in critical components of instrument systems. Such components range from air circulating blowers and drive motors through precision gear trains, gyro gimbals, and pickoffs to rate integrating spin-motors.1.3 The specification contains many of the requirements of MIL-B-81793, which was originally developed by the Department of Defense and maintained by the Naval Air Systems Command (Navy-AS) in Lakehurst, NJ. The following government activity codes may be found in the Department of Defense, Standardization Directory SD-1.2Preparing activity Custodians Review activitiesNavy - AS Army - AT Army-AV  Navy - AS Navy - MC, SH  Air Force - 99 Air Force–84  DLA - GS  1.4 Classification—Annular ball bearings for instrument and precision rotating components shall be of the following types, as specified:1.4.1 Type I—Annular ball bearing, for instruments and precision rotating components, deep groove, unflanged; (See Annex A1 – Annex A4)1.4.2 Type II—Annular ball bearing, for instruments and precision rotating components, deep groove, flanged; (See Annex A5 – Annex A8)1.4.3 Type III—Annular ball bearing, for instruments and precision rotating components, deep groove, unflanged, inner ring extended; (See Annex A9 – Annex A12)1.4.4 Type IV—Annular ball bearing, for instruments and precision rotating components, deep groove, flanged, inner ring extended; (See Annex A13 – Annex A16)1.4.5 Type V—Annular ball bearing, for instruments and precision rotating components, angular contact, unflanged, nonseparable, and counterbored outer ring; (See Annex A17 – Annex A20)1.4.6 Type VI—Annular ball bearing, for instruments and precision rotating components, angular contact, flanged, nonseparable, and counterbored outer ring on flange side; (See Annex A21 – Annex A24)1.4.7 Type VII—Annular ball bearing, for instruments and precision rotating components, angular contact, unflanged, separable, and stepped inner ring; (See Annex A25 – Annex A28)1.4.8 Type VIII—Annular ball bearing, for instruments and precision rotating components, angular contact, flanged, separable, and stepped inner ring; (See Annex A29 – Annex A32)1.4.9 Type IX—Annular ball bearing, for instruments and precision rotating components, angular contact, unflanged, nonseparable, and stepped inner ring. (See Annex A33 – Annex A36)1.5 Inch-Pound Specification—This specification covers only the inch-pound bearings.1.5.1 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 1189元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

This specification covers bridge bearings that consist of a spherical rotational element, where a stainless steel convex surface slides against a concave carbon steel plate covered with woven or sheet polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The function of the bearing is to transfer loads and to accommodate any relative movement, including rotation between a bridge superstructure and its supporting structure, or both. The requirements of spherical bearings with a standard horizontal load (a maximum of 10 % of vertical) are discussed. The bearings are furnished in three types: fixed spherical bearing which is for rotation only, unidirectional sliding spherical bearing which is for rotation plus movement in one direction, and multi-directional sliding spherical bearing which is for rotation plus movement in all directions. The materials to be used in producing the bearings include: steel, stainless steel (flat sliding surface and convex surface), woven fabric polytetrafluoroethylene, and sheet polytetrafluoroethylene. The following different test methods shall be performed: proof load and rotation tests for fixed and expansion bearings, coefficient of friction test for expansion bearings only, PTFE (woven or sheet) bond test for expansion bearings only, and physical property test of both PTFEs for fixed and expansion bearings.1.1 This specification covers bridge bearings that consist of a spherical rotational element, where a stainless steel convex surface slides against a concave carbon steel plate covered with woven or sheet polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The function of the bearing is to transfer loads and to accommodate any relative movement, including rotation between a bridge superstructure and its supporting structure, or both.1.2 This specification covers the requirements of spherical bearings with a standard horizontal load (a maximum of 10 % of vertical).1.3 The requirements stated in this specification are the minima necessary for the manufacture of quality bearing devices. It may be necessary to increase these minimum values due to other design conditions.1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 1189元 加购物车

This specification covers bearings, which consist of all elastomer or of alternate laminates of elastomer and steel, when the function of the bearings is to transfer loads or accommodate relative movement between a bridge superstructure and its supporting structure, or both. The bearings are furnished in four types as follows: plain elastomeric bearing pad; plain elastomeric sandwich bearing; steel-laminated elastomeric bearing; and steel-laminated elastomeric bearing with external load plate. The elastomer for the manufacture of the bearing is furnished in two types: Type CR and Type NR. The elastomer for the manufacture of the bearing is furnished in four grades of low-temperature properties: Grade 0; Grade 2; Grade 3; and Grade 5. The elastomeric compound used in the construction of a bearing shall contain only either natural rubber or chloroprene rubber as the raw polymer. Internal steel laminates shall be of rolled mild steel. Plain bearing pads shall be molded individually, or cut from previously molded strips or slabs, or extruded and cut to length. A steel-laminated bearing or a plain sandwich bearing shall be molded as a single unit under pressure and heat. All bonding of elastomer to steel laminates and to external load plates shall be carried out during molding. Bearing compression tests, compression stiffness, visual inspection, quality control properties, shear modulus, ozone resistance, and low-temperature grade tests shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements.1.1 This specification covers bearings which consist of all elastomer or of alternate laminates of elastomer and steel, when the function of the bearings is to transfer loads or accommodate relative movement between a bridge superstructure and its supporting structure, or both.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.NOTE 1: The words “elastomer” or “elastomeric” will be used interchangeably with the word “rubber” in this specification.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

5.1 This test is a simple, effective way of determining the ability of bearings to roll freely. Most bearing manufacturers do not supply information on the breakaway friction coefficient of their products and if this is a design factor, users often buy candidate bearings and try them until they find one that appears to operate freer than the others. This test allows quantification of the breakaway friction characteristics of bearings. This test assesses the friction of a bearing as a tribosystem which includes its construction and lubrication. It has shown to correlate with use. If a bearing has a low breakaway angle in this test, its breakaway friction will be lower in service than the same size bearings that displayed a higher breakaway angle in this test.5.2 Breakaway friction of bearings is important in instruments where forces are light and the bearings are used as pivots rather than for continued rotation. Low friction is often imperative for proper device operation.5.3 Bearings with low breakaway friction are often sought for web handling rollers. Many rollers are driven only by tangential web contact and slippage can often damage the web. Low friction bearings are required.5.4 This test is useful for screening bearings for any applications where breakaway friction is a design concern.1.1 This test method is an extension of Test Method G164 and uses an inclined plane and a paperclip rider to detect the presence or absence of lubricants on the surfaces of flexible webs. A study to identify free spinning or low rolling friction bearings indicated that the paperclip friction test could be used for rolling friction by simply replacing the paperclip with a rolling element bearing on an axle. The angle of the inclined plane at initiation of rolling is the breakaway angle. This test method can be used to measure the angle at breakaway of small diameter (up to 100 mm outside diameter) rolling element bearings. The bearings that have been tested in the development of this method are conventional ball bearings with different separators, seals, and different conditions of lubrication (none, oil, greases, and so forth), but there is no technical reason why this test method would not work with bearings of other design, including plain bearings. Rolling element bearings like any sliding system can have friction characteristics at breakaway that are different than rolling continuously. As is the case with most inclined plane friction tests, the test only produces the friction characteristic at the onset of measurable rolling, using the angle (θ) when measurable rolling commences. The objective of this test is an assessment of breakaway rolling friction characteristics to assist machine designers in the selection of rolling element bearings for instrument pivots and the like where breakaway friction is a concern.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车