定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元

定价： 元 加购物车

定价： 646元 加购物车

1. Scope 1.1 This Standard covers the following devices intended for connection to copper conductors only and for installation and use in hazardous locations: Class I, Groups A, B, C, and D; Class II, Group G, in coal or coke dust, and in gaseous mine

定价： 592元 / 折扣价： 504 元

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the coke residue (fixed carbon) of creosote, coal tar, and creosote-coal tar solutions. As coal tars vary in their coke residue values, the method is therefore not a quantitative index of the percentage of coal tar in creosote-coal tar solutions. However, by specifying maximum amounts of coke residue as done in AWPA Standards P2 and P12, the method does serve to limit the amount of coal tar in such solutions; and by specifying a minimum as in Standard P12 it ensures the presence of some coal tar. Formerly the test was also used as a check on the cleanliness of AWPA P1 creosote (absence of coal tar). 1.1.1 Test Method D38 covers the sampling of wood preservatives prior to testing. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for specific precautionary statements.

定价： 0元

1.1 These test methods cover the rapid and inexpensive analysis of coal and coke ash for the commonly determined major elements. 1.2 The test methods appear in the following order: Sections Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) 10 to 12 Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) 13 to 15 Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3) 16 to 18 Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) 19 to 22 Phosphorus Pentoxide (P2O5) 23 to 25 Calcium Oxide (CaO), and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) 26 to 29 Sodium Oxide (Na2O) and Potassium Oxide (K2O) 30 to 33 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元

Nitrogen results obtained by these test methods are required to fulfill the requirements of the ultimate analysis, Practice D 3176. Also, results obtained may be used to evaluate the potential formation of nitrogen oxides as a source of atmospheric pollution.Nitrogen data are used in comparing coals and in research. When the oxygen content of coal is estimated by difference, it is necessary to make a nitrogen determination.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of total nitrogen in samples of coal and coke. The analytical data from these test methods shall be reported as part of ultimate analysis where ultimate analysis is requested. If ultimate analysis is not requested, the value shall be reported according to the request. Two methods are included as follows: SectionsTest Method A—Kjeldahl-Gunning Macro Analysis, with an alternative technique included 9 to 16Test Method B—Kjeldahl-Gunning Semi-Micro Determination 17 to 231.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

定价： 0元

Determination of sulfur is, by definition, part of the ultimate analysis of coal.Sulfur analysis results obtained by these methods are used to serve a number of interests: evaluation of coal preparation, evaluation of potential sulfur emissions from coal combustion or conversion processes, evaluation of the coal quality in relation to contract specification, and other purposes of commercial or scientific interest.1.1 These test methods cover two alternative procedures for the determination of total sulfur in samples of coal and coke. Sulfur is included in the ultimate analysis of coal and coke.1.2 The procedures appear in the following order: SectionsMethod A—Eschka Method 6-9Method B—Bomb Washing Method 10 and 111.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Sections 11.1.1-11.1.1.7.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

定价： 0元

Laboratory furnace temperature and furnace ventilation have an influence on SO3 retention in laboratory ash. Consequently, sulfur in ash as determined in the laboratory cannot be assumed to be equivalent to sulfur present in the mineral matter in coal or to the retention of sulfur in ash produced under the conditions of commercial utilization.The sulfate sulfur determined by these test methods can be used to calculate the sulfur trioxide portion of ash so that the ash content or ash composition can be reported on a sulfur trioxide free basis.1.1 This test method pertains to the determination of sulfate sulfur in coal or coke ash.1.2 The values stated in SI units (Practice E 380) shall be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of total carbon and hydrogen in samples of coal or coke. Both the carbon and hydrogen are determined in one operation. These test methods yield the total percentages of carbon and hydrogen in the coal as analyzed and the results include not only the carbon and hydrogen in the organic matter, but also the carbon present in mineral carbonates and the hydrogen present in the free moisture accompanying the sample as well as hydrogen present as water of hydration of silicates.Note 1—It is recognized that certain technical applications of the data derived from this test procedure may justify additional corrections. These corrections could involve compensation for the carbon present as carbonates, the hydrogen of free moisture accompanying the sample, and the calculated hydrogen present as water of hydration of silicates.1.2 When data are converted and reported on the "dry" basis, the hydrogen value is corrected for the hydrogen present in the free moisture accompanying the sample.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

定价： 0元

Many trace elements occur in coal, primarily as a part of the mineral matter but may also be associated with the organic matrix. Concern over release of certain trace elements to the environment as a result of coal utilization has made the determination of these elements an increasingly important aspect of coal analysis. When coal ash is prepared in accordance with this test method, the eight elements listed in 1.1 are quantitatively retained in the ash and are representative of concentrations in the coal. Concentrations of these and other elements in power plant ash, industrial process ash, fly ash, and so forth, may or may not be representative of total quantities in the coal.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of beryllium, chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, lead, vanadium, and zinc in coal ash or coke ash. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 The values stated in SI units () should be regarded as the standard.

定价： 0元

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gross calorific value of coal and coke by the isoperibol bomb calorimeter. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard unless otherwise designated. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.

定价： 0元

Moisture, as determined by this instrumental test method, is used for calculating other analytical results to a dry basis using procedures in Practice D 3180.Moisture as determined by this test method, may be used in conjunction with the air-dry moisture loss determined by Test Method D 3302 to determine total moisture in coal. Total moisture is used for calculating other analytical results to an as-received basis using Practice D 3180.Ash yield, as determined by this test method, is the residue remaining after burning the coal and coke samples. See Note 1.Note 1—The ash obtained differs in composition and amount from the mineral constituents present in the original coal. Combustion causes an expulsion of all water, the loss of carbon dioxide from carbonates, the conversion of iron pyrite into iron oxides and sulfur oxides, and other chemical reactions. Ash yield, as determined by this test method, can differ from the amount of ash produced in furnace operations or other combustion systems because combustion conditions influence the chemistry and amount of ash.Ash yield, as determined by this test method is used, (1) as a principal parameter to evaluate sampling procedures and coal cleaning processes, (2) in the ultimate analysis calculation of oxygen by difference using Practice D 3176, (3) in calculations including material balance, reactivity and yields of products relevant to coal conversion processes such as gasification and liquefaction.Volatile matter yield, when determined as herein described, may be used to (1) establish the rank of coals, (2) indicate coke yield on carbonization, (3) provide the basis for purchasing and selling, or (4) establish burning characteristics.5.6 Fixed carbon is a calculated value. It is the difference between 100 and the sum of the percent moisture, ash, and volatile matter. All percents shall be on the same moisture reference base.5.7 Moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon percents constitute the proximate analysis of coal and coke.5.8 Moisture, ash, and volatile matter are three of the principal parameters used for assessing the quality of coal.1.1 These instrumental test methods cover the determination of moisture, volatile matter, and ash, and the calculation of fixed carbon in the analysis of coal and coke samples prepared in accordance with Method D 2013 and Practice D 346. Results obtained through the use of the instrumental tests have been shown to differ from those obtained with Test Methods D 3173, D 3174, and D 3175 on some coals and cokes. Where a relative bias between the instrumental methods and Test Methods D 3173, D 3174, and D 3175 for proximate analysis of coal and coke are shown to exist, the instrumental results shall be corrected or the instrument calibrated using samples of known proximate analysis. Test Methods D 3173, D 3174, and D 3175 shall be considered the referee test methods. The instrumental test methods are not applicable to thermogravimetric analyzers using microgram size samples.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gross calorific value of coal and coke by the adiabatic bomb calorimeter. 1.2 The values stated in SI units and British thermal units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 8. 1.4 All accountability and quality control aspects of Guide D 4621 apply to this standard.

定价： 0元

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gross calorific value of coal and coke by an isoperibol bomb calorimeter using electronic temperature sensors and automatic calorimeter controllers. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, except as noted otherwise. The values given in parentheses are for information only. Note 1-Conversion to other units is discussed in Appendix X1. Time is expressed in minutes. Mass is expressed in grams. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.

定价： 0元