定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 5961元 / 折扣价： 5067 元

4.1 Static measurements of tires are important to tire manufacturers, processing engineers, and vehicle design engineers for purposes of commerce (in consumer/vendor agreements) and in tire research and development.4.2 The procedures are sufficiently detailed to achieve commercially acceptable reproducibility among laboratories and may therefore be used for specification, compliance, or reference purposes.4.3 Changes attributable to growth after inflation may be obtained by comparing measurements made immediately after inflation with those made 18 to 24 h later.1.1 This test method covers methods for performing certain mechanical static measurements on tires. The term “static” implies that the tire is not rotating while measurements are being made.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers unpigmented, unsupported, sheet or tubular, medium-density polyethylene films intended for general uses and packaging applications. The film shall be made from homopolymer polyethylene, copolymer polyethylene commonly referred to as low-pressure polyethylene, or blends of homopolymers and copolymers that include ethylene/vinyl-acetate copolymers. The specimens shall be conditioned before testing in the standard laboratory temperature. Tests shall be conducted to determine the physical properties of the specimens which shall conform to the following physical requirements: secant modulus or stiffness; kinetic coefficient of friction; optical properties such as clarity, gloss, and haze; surface treatment level or wetting tension; impact resistance; tensile strength and elongation at break; heat sealability; and odor level.1.1 This specification covers unpigmented, unsupported, sheet or tubular, medium-density polyethylene films (hereafter referred to as film or films) from resins having densities in the range from 926.0 to 938.0 kg/m3 (0.926 to 0.938 g/cm3), inclusive, as measured on molded plaques.1.2 This specification is applicable to homopolymer polyethylene but is not restricted to it.1.3 This specification is also applicable to films made from copolymer polyethylene commonly referred to in industry as low-pressure polyethylene.1.4 This specification is also applicable to films made from blends of homopolymers and copolymers, including ethylene/vinyl-acetate copolymers.1.5 This specification allows for the use of recycled polyethylene film or resin as feedstock, in whole or in part, as long as all the requirements of this specification are met and as long as any specific requirements as governed by the producer and end user are also met (see Note 1).NOTE 1: Guide D7209 contains terminology and definitions relating to recycled plastics.1.6 Special care must be exercised if this specification is applied to colored or pigmented films. This specification does not address specific problems associated with coloring, such as, quantity and quality of pigment dispersion, optical properties, and increase in density. These and other areas must be taken into account by mutual agreement between the supplier and the purchaser.1.7 The thickness of the films covered by this specification range from 25 to 100 μm (0.001 to 0.004 in.), inclusive. The maximum width of the sheet or lay-flat is 3.05 m (120 in.).1.8 This specification does not cover oriented heat-shrinkable films.1.9 This specification defines the levels of various physical properties from which specifications for specific films are to be described. The levels of physical properties required by a film for a given application are selected from Section 6 and the corresponding tables. However, Sections 7.2 – 7.5 relating to tolerances shall apply without change to all film falling within the scope indicated by the title and 1.1 – 1.4.1.10 This specification covers dimensional tolerances, classification, intrinsic quality requirements, and test methods. The dimensional tolerances include thickness, width, and length or yield. Classification defines types, classes, surfaces, and finishes. The intrinsic quality requirements include density, workmanship, impact strength, tensile strength, heat sealability, and odor, as well as the classification properties for stiffness, coefficient of friction, optical properties, and surface treatment. A sampling method is included.1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.1.12 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 10, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 501元 / 折扣价： 426 元

5.1 The transmittance of an attenuating medium can cause errors for an infrared thermographer using an infrared imaging radiometer to measure the temperature of a specimen through the medium. Three test methods are given for measuring and compensating for this error source.5.1.1 A procedure is given for measuring the transmittance of an attenuating medium.5.1.2 A procedure is given for compensating for errors when measuring the temperature of a specimen having a known emissivity through an attenuating medium with a known transmittance.5.1.3 A procedure is given for measuring and compensating for transmittance and emissivity errors when the specimen temperature is known.5.2 These procedures can be used in the field or laboratory using commonly available materials.5.3 These procedures can be used with any infrared radiometers that have the required computer capabilities.5.4 The values of transmittance are defined only in terms of the procedure for the purpose of process control and nondestructive evaluation of materials.1.1 This practice covers procedures for measuring and compensating for transmittance when using an infrared imaging radiometer to measure the temperature of a specimen through an attenuating medium, such as a window, filter, or atmosphere.21.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 These procedures may involve use of equipment and materials in the presence of heated or electrically-energized equipment, or both.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers the determination of capillary-moisture relationships for coarse- and medium-textured soils as indicated by the soil-moisture tension relations for tensions between 10 and 101 kPa (0.1 and 1 atm). Under equilibrium conditions, moisture tension is defined as the equivalent negative gage pressure, or suction, corresponding to a soil moisture content. This test method determines the equilibrium moisture content retained in a soil subjected to a given soil-water tension. This test method is not suitable for very fine-textured soils.Note 1--For determination of capillary-moisture relationships for fine-textured soils, refer to Test Method D3152.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 When significant quantities of inorganic or organic material are present in water samples (high suspended solids), microplastic particles/fibers can be masked and the ability to conduct reliable identification and quantification analyses of the plastic particles/fibers can be impeded.5.2 In order to quantify the occurrence of microplastic particles/fibers in wastewater influent (high suspended solids), the sampling procedure must be able to reliably collect samples at a constant flow over the desired 24-hour interval to reflect changes in diurnal flow. For wastewater influent the capture flow rate should be no less than 1 GPM over the 24-hour interval (approximately 1440 gal or 5450 L total) to minimize the problem with heterogeneity of the suspended solids and to reduce the standard error (the larger the sample size, the smaller the standard error).5.3 In order to quantify the occurrence of microplastic particles/fibers in all other water samples with a lower content of inorganic or organic material present addressed by this practice (low to medium suspended solids), a minimum volume of 1500 L (approximately 400 gal) should be filtered through the appropriate filters or sieves to minimize potential issues with heterogeneity of suspended solids and to reduce the standard error (the larger the sample size, the smaller the standard error).5.4 Microplastic particles/fibers retained on the sieves are suitable for characterization in terms of size, shape, quantity, and composition (polymer type), dependent upon the chosen analytical method.1.1 This practice provides for the collection of water samples with high, medium, or low suspended solids to determine the presence, count, polymer type, and physical characteristics of microplastic particles and fibers. This collection practice has been validated for the collection of samples from drinking water, surface waters, wastewater influent and effluent (secondary and tertiary), and marine waters. This practice is not limited to these particular water matrices; however, the applicability of this practice to other aqueous matrices must be demonstrated.1.2 Water samples are passed through filters or sieves of adequate mesh size to enable capture of the smallest desired particle size. For waters with high or medium suspended solids content, a series of sieves with increasingly smaller mesh size should be used to prevent clogging and allow for the collection of desired particle size fractions.1.3 Subsequent sample preparation followed by analysis utilizing either Pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), IR spectroscopy, or Raman spectroscopy may be used to identify the quantity (mass or number count) and composition (polymer type) of microplastic particles/fibers. The spectroscopic methods can provide a count of the number of particles and fibers present in a sample, and Py-GC/MS can provide the mass present in a sample. When desired, microplastic particle/fiber size, shape and surface characteristics can be ascertained with appropriate instruments such as a scanning electron microscope (SEM).1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard except where standard U.S. equipment is specified in imperial units, for example, inches and gallons. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 Standard Practice—This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This practice cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This practice is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this practice be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Large volumes of water are required to be sieved for accurate quantification of microplastics. Water with high to medium content of suspended solids can lead to an excess of inorganic and organic background material which can interfere with the ability to conduct reliable analyses. The presence of this background material can often impede the ability to accurately discern, distinguish and identify the number of microplastic particles in solution.5.2 The digestion described in this procedure allows for significant reduction of interfering substances and contaminants, rendering a sample suitable for particle and fiber characterization and identification using either Raman and IR spectroscopic analysis or for polymeric quantification and identification by Pyrolysis-GC/MS.5.3 For water samples with medium to low suspended solids, the oxidation and digestion steps necessary will be dependent upon the type and nature of interfering substances and contaminants and may be determined through simple trial efforts.1.1 This practice provides for the sample preparation of collected water samples with high, medium, or low suspended solids to determine the presence, count, polymer type, and physical characteristics of microplastic particles and fibers. It has been designed for the preparation of samples collected from drinking water, surface waters, wastewater influent and effluent (secondary and tertiary), and marine waters using collection practice (Practice D8332). This practice is not limited to these particular water matrices; however, the applicability of this practice to other aqueous matrices must be demonstrated.1.2 This practice consists of a wet peroxide oxidation followed by progressive enzymatic digestion to the extent necessary to remove interfering organic constituents such as cellulose, lipids and chitin that are typically found in abundance in water matrices of samples with high to medium suspended solids such as wastewater influent. For water samples with low suspended solids, such as but not limited to drinking water and tertiary treated wastewater, the oxidation and digestion steps may not be necessary.1.3 Water samples prepared using this practice are suitable for analysis utilizing either Pyrolysis-GC/MS methods for qualitative identification and mass quantitation, or IR spectroscopy or Raman spectroscopy for identifying the quantity (number count) and composition (polymer type) of microplastic particles. If desired, microplastic particle size and shape may be ascertained with appropriate instruments such as a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and microscopy techniques.1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车