定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

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定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method may be used as an accelerated screening test for assessing the strength properties of adhesives and adhesive joints at subzero temperatures. This test method may also be used to determine the effects of various surface preparations, substrates, or adhesive systems on the durability of the adhesive joints at subzero temperatures.4.2 Tensile shear strengths of various adhesives, surface preparations, and substrates may be compared by using this test method for uniform sets of conditions. To assess the overall tensile shear strength of a given adhesive, surface preparation, and substrate should be tested under a range of stress and temperatures. For a specific end use, the needed strength properties using only one set of test conditions may be obtained.4.3 The misuse of strength values obtained from this test method as design-allowable stress values for structural joints could lead to product failure, property damage, and human injury.4.3.1 The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtained from a given small single-lap specimen may differ from that obtained from a joint made with different adherends or by a different bonding process. The normal variation of temperature and moisture in the service environment causes the adherends and the adhesive to swell or shrink. The adherends and adhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisture coefficients of expansion. Even in small specimens, short-term environment changes can induce internal stresses of chemical changes in the adhesive that permanently affect the apparent strength and other properties of the adhesive.4.3.2 The problem of predicting joint behavior in a changing environment is even more difficult if a different type of adherend is used in a larger structural joint than was used in the small specimen.4.3.3 The apparent shear strength measured with a single-lap specimen is not suitable for determining design-allowable stresses for designing structural joints that differ in any manner from the joints tested without thorough analysis and understanding of the joint and adhesive behaviors.4.3.4 Single-lap tests may be used for comparing and selecting adhesives or bonding processes for susceptibility to fatigue and environmental changes, but such comparisons must be made with great caution since different adhesives may respond differently in different joints. See Guide D4896 for further discussion of the concepts relative to interpretation of adhesive-bonded single-lap-joints.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative shear strength of adhesives for bonding metals when tested on a standard specimen and under specified conditions of preparation and testing at extreme subzero temperatures.1.2 This test method is applicable to the temperature range from -267.8 to -55°C (-450 to -67°F).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautions are given in 8.3.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

AbstractFormerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F16 on Fasteners,this specification was withdrawn in May 2016 and replaced by Specification for High Strength Structural Bolts, Steeland Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 120 ksi (830 MPa) and 150 ksi (1040MPa) Minimum Tensile Strength, Inch and Metric Dimensions. Specification supersedes and replaces specifications; A325, A325M, A490, A490M, F1852 and F2280. The unified Specification corrects known inconsistencies in the original documents and the combination will assure that requirements of the products covered under the original standards stay aligned. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’sDocument Summary page on ASTM website.

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定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Rock is much weaker in tension than in compression. Thus, in determining the failure condition for a rock structure, many investigators employ the tensile strength of the component rock as the failure strength for the structure. Direct tensile stressing of rock is the most basic test for determining the tensile strength of rock. However, direct tensile tests will typically break at the weakest link along the longitudinal axis of the specimen, whether it is the rock substance or any discontinuity that is weaker than the adjacent rock substance. Unless the purpose of the direct tension tests is to get the strength across discontinuities the test results are on the conservative side and are more representative of the tensile strength at the rock substance scale. See Note 2 for additional significance and use information.NOTE 2: The quality of the result produced by these practices is dependent upon the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing and sampling. Users of these practices are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the direct tensile strength of the rock substance or discontinuities normal to the longitudinal axis of intact, isotropic cylindrical rock specimens at room temperature.1.2 Non-isotropic or even transversely isotropic specimens are not covered by this standard.1.3 Cylindrical rock specimens can be drill core from the field or rock blocks transported to the laboratory and drill core specimen obtained there.1.4 Specimen shapes other than cylindrical specimens, such as dog bone-shaped, are not covered by this standard.1.5 Test specimens may be tested under constant load or deformation rate.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values provided in parenthesis are for information only.1.7 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 unless superseded by this standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 In a sandwich panel, core-to-facing bond integrity is necessary to maintain facing stability and permit load transfer between the facings and core. This test method can be used to provide information on the strength and quality of core-to-facing bonds. It can also be used to produce flatwise tensile strength data for the core material. While it is primarily used as a quality control test for bonded sandwich panels, it can also be used to produce flatwise tensile strength data for structural design properties, material specifications, and research and development applications.5.2 Factors that influence the flatwise tensile strength and shall therefore be reported include the following: facing material, core material, adhesive material, methods of material fabrication, facing stacking sequence and overall thickness, core geometry (cell size, cell wall thickness), core density, adhesive thickness, specimen geometry, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment, loading procedure, speed of testing, facing void content, adhesive void content, and facing volume percent reinforcement. Properties that may be derived from this test method include flatwise tensile strength.1.1 This test method determines the flatwise tensile strength of the core, the core-to-facing bond, or the facing of an assembled sandwich panel. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb).1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.2.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The strip test in this test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing (that is, conformance to a specification) of commercial shipments of rolled erosion control products, since the method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.5.1.1 In case of disagreement arising from differences in reported test values when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. At a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future results in the light of the known bias.1.1 This test method covers strip test procedures for determining the tensile properties of rolled erosion control products (RECPs).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.1.3 This standard does not apply to RECPs made of composite materials where the component providing the reinforcement cannot be tested for tensile strength with the procedure herein described. In this case, the established ASTM testing method which is most appropriate for that material shall be used instead.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车