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4.1 This guide allows the decision maker to determine which remedial treatment processes are and are not applicable to remediate an area of soil, surface water, or ground water that contains contaminants of concern.4.2 This guide provides the data to make cost comparisons of the remedial treatment processes.4.3 Analysis of treatment process design data can often be performed at the site with field instruments and test kits.4.4 Tables 1 and 2 are a guide to selecting and obtaining physical and chemical treatment process design data. Data marked with an “X” is needed to evaluate alternatives and select a remedial treatment process. Once the remedial process is selected, the additional data that are needed to design the selected remedial treatment process are marked with an “O.” It may be advisable to also collect the data marked with an “O” during the initial sampling event to minimize sampling trips to the site.4.5 Tables 3 and 4 list laboratory and field methods for analyzing this data. More than one analytical method may be listed. The most suitable method must be chosen for each application.(A) This table was developed jointly by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Center of Expertise and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technical Support Project—Engineering Forum. Additional information and methods can be found in 40 CFR 136, EPA SW-846, and Standard Methods for Evaluation of Water and Wastewater, most current edition.(B) Estimated sensitivity and detection ranges are method/kit specific. Detection ranges are estimates. Verify these methods are suitable for the samples at this site. Consult the method or manufacturer's catalogs for details.(C) Spectrometers and meters are instruments that can be used to analyze for many parameters. Kits cost much less, but usually analyze for only one parameter. There are many manufacturers of field test equipment. Verify that the field methods are applicable to the medium at this site.(D) USEPA 600/4-84-017, The Determination of Inorganic Anions in Water by Ion Chromatography, March 1984.(E) Parameters that should be analyzed in the field.(F) USEPA 600/4-79/020, Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, March 1983.(G) American Public Health Association, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. Use the most recently published methods.(H) Use of test kits—Guide D5463.(I) Use Nernst equation to check ORP field data.(J) USEPA SW-846, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Wastes, Physical/Chemical Methods, 3rd Edition, Updates I, IIA, IIB, III, IIIA, IVA, and IVB.(K) A USGS method for ferrous iron analysis.(L) Analysis of Dissolved Methane, Ethane, and Ethylene in Ground Water by a Standard Gas Chromatohraphic Technique, developed by USEPA National Risk Management Laboratory, Ada, OK.(A) Standard Methods (SM) for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th edition, 1992.(B) Except for soil oxygen and soil CO2, soil samples can be analyzed in an offsite laboratory.(C) Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods (SW-846).(D) Field test kits are often available that test for multiple parameters. There are several manufacturers of field soil test kits.(E) Sample digestion required prior to analysis—see water parameters table.(F) These metals can also be analyzed by atomic adsorption.(G) Screening level.(H) Estimate with Walkley-Black TOC and subtract other substances included in the TOC analysis.(I) USEPA/600/4-79/020, Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, March 1983.4.6 This guide does not address sampling for contaminants of concern and sampling locations. See EM 200-1-2 Technical Project Planning (TPP) under Engineering Manuals6 for information on sampling contaminants of concern. It is recommended that the treatment process design sampling be coordinated with the sampling for chemicals of concern to minimize duplicate sampling and trips to the site.4.7 This guide does not address physical and chemical properties related to contaminant transport. This is addressed in Guide D5730.4.8 This guide does not address why the data is needed to evaluate each treatment technology. This information is addressed in the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable (FRTR) site at http://www.frtr.gov in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers guidance documents at http://www.usace.army.mil/inet/usace-docs/ and the United Facilities Guide Specifications (UFGS) available at http://www.ccb.org/.4.9 This guide does not address Quality Assurance / Quality Control (QA/QC) or sampling design strategy. See U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineering Regulation ER 1110-1-263 and Engineering Manual EM 200-1-36 for information on QA/QC. This needs to be addressed in the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP).1.1 This guide lists the physical and chemical treatment processes design data needed to evaluate, select, and design treatment processes for remediation of contaminated sites. This data is listed in Tables 1 and 2. Much of these data can be obtained and analyzed at the site with instruments and test kits.1.2 It is recommended that this guide be used in conducting environmental site assessments and Remedial Investigations/Feasibility Studies (RI/FS) and selections of remedy in U.S. Code of Federal Regulations 40 CFR 300.430.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method describes a rapid method to determine the maximum quantity of oxygen that may be consumed by impurities in water. As outlined in Test Methods D1252, chemical oxygen demand is typically used to monitor and control oxygen-consuming pollutants, both organic and inorganic, in domestic and industrial wastewaters. This photoelectrochemical oxygen demand test method is specific for measuring organics and inorganics in freshwater sources for drinking water treatment plants and treated drinking water matrices. This photoelectrochemical oxygen demand test method is not intended for domestic and industrial wastewaters to replace Test Methods D1252.5.2 This test method does not require the use of the hazardous reagents, such as mercuric sulfate, potassium dichromate and silver sulfate, that are associated with chemical oxygen demand. It can also provide a result more rapidly than chemical oxygen demand as samples do not require reflux.1.1 This test method covers a protocol for the determination of the photoelectrochemical oxygen demand of freshwater sources for drinking water treatment plants and treated drinking water in the range of 0.7 mg/L to 20 mg/L. Higher levels may be determined by sample dilution.1.2 Photoelectrochemical oxygen demand is determined using the current generated from the photoelectrochemical oxidation of the sample using titanium dioxide (TiO2) irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light from a light-emitting diode (LED).1.3 This test method does not require the use of the hazardous reagents, such as mercuric sulfate, potassium dichromate and silver sulfate, that are often associated with the determination of chemical oxygen demand (that is, Test Methods D1252). It can also provide a result rapidly, as samples do not require reflux.1.4 Determination of photoelectrochemical oxygen demand in freshwater sources for drinking water treatment plants and treated drinking water matrices has important implications for assessing treatment efficacy. Photoelectrochemical oxygen demand can be used as a bulk surrogate measure of natural organic matter, a key target for drinking water treatment. In aerobic biological treatment processes, determination of photoelectrochemical oxygen demand can provide an estimation of the oxygen required by microorganisms to degrade organic matter. This test method is complementary to existing natural organic matter (NOM) monitoring techniques and will help scientists and engineers further the understanding of NOM in water with a rapid oxygen demand test.1.5 This test method was used successfully with reagent grade water spiked with pure compounds, freshwater sources for drinking water treatment plants and treated drinking water. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.1.6 This test method is applicable to oxidizable matter, <50 µm that can be introduced into the sensor.NOTE 1: This test method can be performed (1) immediately in the field or laboratory on an unpreserved sample, and (2) in the laboratory on a properly preserved sample following the stated hold times.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 9.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The procedure described in this test method is designed to provide a method by which the coating weight of titanium treatments on metal substrates may be determined.4.2 This test method is applicable for determination of the total coating weight and the titanium coating weight of a titanium-containing treatment.1.1 This test method covers the use of wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) techniques for determination of the coating weight of titanium treatments on metal substrates. These techniques are applicable for determination of the coating weight as titanium or total coating weight of a titanium containing treatment, or both, on a variety of metal substrates.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 The sound transmission loss provided by a material that covers a flat surface depends not only on the physical properties of the material but also on the type of structure to which it is mounted and the mounting method used.3.2 Naval and marine architects and design engineers require specific transmission loss characteristics of acoustical treatment materials as they would exhibit installed on a ship's structure. The mounting structure and procedures specified in these practices are intended to simulate such a shipboard environment.3.3 Test reports may refer to this mounting by Practices E1123 instead of providing a detailed description of the mounting used.1.1 These practices describe test specimen mountings to be used for naval and marine ship applications during sound transmission loss tests performed in accordance with Test Method E90.1.2 The structure specified in these practices is intended for mounting of single-layer treatments or composite treatments consisting of various materials and configurations. Acoustical treatment materials may be combinations of acoustical absorbent materials, limp mass septums, and insulation materials.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 There are no reproducible standardized protocols for preparing specimens used to evaluate the microbicidal efficacy of non-chemical treatments such as ultraviolet (UV), highenergy electron beam, or other forms of non-chemical antimicrobial technologies.5.2 Conventional protocols for applying bioburdens to carriers (see Test Method E2197) cause cells to stack upon one another, thereby creating multiple cell layers in which cells in layers closer to the carrier are masked by cells in overlying layers, which makes relative comparison of different non-chemical antimicrobial treatments more difficult.5.3 Steel and other metal carriers have asperities that can shield a percentage of the applied cells from direct exposure to electromagnetic irradiation.5.4 The combined effects of 5.2 and 5.3 confound determination of the microbicidal effect of electromagnetic irradiation on test specimens.5.5 The practice addresses these two confounding factors by:5.5.1 Using glass microscope slides – the surfaces of which are asperity-free – as carriers.5.5.2 Reliably depositing bacterial cells onto the carrier as a monolayer.5.6 The resulting specimen ensures that all microbes deposited onto the carrier are exposed equally to the irradiation source thereby ensuring that the only variables are the controlled ones – starting inoculum concentration, wavelength (λ – in nm), exposure time(s), and resulting energy dose (J).1.1 This practice provides a protocol for creating bacterial cell monolayers on a flat surface.1.2 The cultures used and culture preparation steps in this Practice are similar to AOAC Method 961.02 and US EPA MB-06. However, test bacteria are applied to the carrier using an automated deposition device (6.2) rather than as a suspension droplet.1.3 The carrier inspection protocol is similar to US EPA MB-03 except that carrier surfaces are inspected microscopically rather than visually, unaided.1.4 A monolayer of cells eliminates the confounding effect caused by the shadowing effect of outer layers of bacteria stacked upon other bacteria on test specimens – thereby attenuating directed energy beams (that is, ultraviolet light, high-energy electron beams) before they can reach underlying cells.1.5 An asperity-free surface eliminates the shadowing effect of specimen surface topology that can block direct exposure of target bacteria to non-chemical antimicrobial treatments.1.6 This practice provides a reproducible target microbe and surface specimen to minimize specimen variability within and between testing facilities. This facilitates direct data comparisons among various non-chemical antimicrobial technologies.1.6.1 Antimicrobial pesticides used in clinical and industrial applications are expected to overcome shadowing effects. However, this practice meets a need for a protocol that facilitates relative comparisons among non-chemical antimicrobial treatments.1.6.2 This practice is not intended to satisfy or replace existing test requirements for liquid chemical antimicrobial treatments (for example Test Methods E1153 and E2197) or established regulatory agency performance standards such as US EPA MB-06.1.7 This practice was validated using Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442) using a protocol based on AOAC Method 961.02. If other cultures are used, the suitability of this practice must be confirmed by inspecting prepared surfaces, by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or comparable high-resolution microscopy.1.8 The specimens prepared in accordance with this practice are not meant to simulate end-use conditions.1.8.1 Non-chemical technologies are only to be used on visibly clean, non-porous surfaces. Consequently, a soil load is not used.1.9 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车

定价： 590元 加购物车

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5.1 It is normal for some of the combustion products of an internal combustion engine to penetrate into the engine lubricant and be retained in it.5.2 When an engine is run for a period of time and then stored over a long period of time, the by-products of combustion might be retained in the oil in a liquefied state.5.3 Under these circumstances, precipitates can form that impair the filterability of the oil the next time the engine is run.5.4 This test method subjects the test oil and the new oil to the same treatments such that the loss of filterability can be determined. The four water treatment levels may be tested individually, all four simultaneously, or any combination of multiple water treatment levels.5.5 Reference oils, on which the data obtained by this test method is known, are available.5.6 This test method requires that a reference oil also be tested and results reported. Two oils are available, one known to give a low and one known to give a high data value for this test method.NOTE 1: When the new oil test results are to be offered as candidate oil test results for a specification, such as Specification D4485, the specification will state maximum allowable loss of filterability (flow reduction) of the test oil as compared to the new oil.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tendency of an oil to form a precipitate that can plug an oil filter. It simulates a problem that may be encountered in a new engine run for a short period of time, followed by a long period of storage with some water in the oil.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 It is normal for some of the combustion products of an internal combustion engine to penetrate into the engine lubricant and be retained in it.5.2 When an engine is run for a period of time and then stored over a long period of time, the by-products of combustion might be retained in the oil in a liquefied state.5.3 Under these circumstances, precipitates can form that impair the filterability of the oil the next time the engine is run.5.4 This test method subjects the test oil and the new oil to the same treatments such that the loss of filterability can be determined.5.5 Reference oils, on which the data obtained by this test method is known, are available.5.6 This test method requires that a reference oil also be tested and results reported. Two oils are available, one known to give a low and one known to give a high data value for this test method.NOTE 1: When the new oil test results are to be offered as candidate oil test results for a specification, such as Specification D4485, the specification will state maximum allowable loss of filterability (flow reduction) of the test oil as compared to the new oil.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tendency of an oil to form a precipitate that can plug an oil filter. It simulates a problem that may be encountered in a new engine run for a short period of time, followed by a long period of storage with some water in the oil.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 加购物车