定价： 1274元 / 折扣价： 1083 元

1.1 PurposeThe purpose of this guide is to define good commercial and customary practice in the United States of America for conducting a baseline survey for readily observable mold and conditions conducive to mold in a commercial building related to a commercial real estate transaction by conducting: a walk-through survey, document reviews, and interviews as outlined within this guide. This guide is intended to identify observable mold and physical deficiencies conducive to mold as a result of moisture and water infiltration through the commercial buildings envelope or substructure, or generated within the building as a result of processes or mechanical systems, excluding de minimis observable mold and physical deficiencies conducive to mold. This guide is to allow a user to assess the potential need for further assessment or other actions that may be appropriate that are beyond the scope of this guide. For purposes of this guide, the acronym "BSP" or "Baseline Survey Process" is used interchangeably with this guides full title.1.2 Purpose LimitationsWhile a BSP may be used to survey for readily identifiable mold and physical deficiencies conducive to mold, the BSP is not designed to serve as comprehensive survey for the presence of observable mold and physical deficiencies conducive to mold in all or most areas in a commercial building. It is not intended to reduce the risk of the presence of observable mold and physical deficiencies conducive to mold nor is it to eliminate the risk that observable mold and physical deficiencies conducive to mold may pose to the building or its occupants.1.3 Considerations Beyond This The use of this guide is strictly limited to the scope set forth in this section. Section of this guide identifies, for informational purposes, certain physical conditions (not an all-inclusive list) that may exist at a property and certain activities or procedures (not an all-inclusive list) that are beyond the scope of this guide but may warrant consideration by parties to a commercial real estate transaction. The need to investigate any such conditions in the consultants scope of services should be evaluated based upon, among other factors, the nature of the property and the reason for conducting the BSP. The scope of such further investigation or testing services should be agreed upon between the user and the consultant as additional services, which are beyond the scope of this guide, prior to initiation of the BSP process. The responsibility to initiate work beyond the scope of this guide lies with the user.1.3.1 Sampling for mold growth is a non-scope consideration under this guide. As noted by EPA 402-K-01-001, sampling cannot be used to assess whether a commercial building complies with federal standards, since no EPA or other federal standards or Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) have been established for mold spores. And, sampling would only produce results reflecting a specific moment in time in the best case and could produce inaccurate or misleading results in the worst case.1.4 Organization of the GuideThis guide has 13 sections and three appendices. Section defines the . Section is Referenced Documents. Section is Terminology. Section defines the Significance and Use of this guide. Section describes User Responsibilities. Sections through provide guidelines for the main body of the report, including the scope of the Walk-through Survey and preparation of the report. Section and identifying Out of Considerations. Section lists keywords for Internet reference. provides the user with additional BSP scope considerations, whereby a user may increase this guides baseline scope of due diligence to be exercised by the consultant, provides the user with a suggested Interview Checklist, and provides the user with a suggested Field Checklist.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

定价： 592元 / 折扣价： 504 元

定价： 592元 / 折扣价： 504 元

4.1 Use—This guide is intended for use on a voluntary basis by parties who wish to obtain a limited survey of commercial real estate to assess for readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture as part of a commercial real estate transaction or commercial property management. This guide is intended to constitute a limited inquiry using representative observations for the purposes of conducting due diligence regarding the actual and potential presence of readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture in connection with the subject property. Inquiries that are more and less comprehensive than this guide (including, in some instances, no inquiry) may be appropriate in some circumstances in the opinion of the user (for example, when the presence of moisture affected materials is known to the user). Furthermore, no implication is intended that a person must use this guide in order to be deemed to have conducted appropriate inquiry in a commercially prudent or reasonable manner in a particular transaction. Nevertheless, this guide is intended to reflect a commercially prudent and reasonable inquiry. However, a LMA is not intended to serve as a comprehensive survey for the presence of readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture in all or most of the building systems throughout a commercial building.4.2 Clarification of Use: 4.2.1 Specific Point in Time—Because conditions conducive to elevated moisture in a building can vary greatly over time due to changes in weather, interior air handling and conditioning, occupancy, and so forth, a user should only rely on the results presented in the report for the point in time at which the LMA was conducted.4.2.2 Site-Specific—This guide is site-specific in that it relates to assessment of readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture within a specific commercial building. Consequently, this guide does not address many additional issues raised in commercial real estate transactions such as purchases of business entities, or interests therein, or of their assets, that may well involve liabilities pertaining to properties previously owned or operated or other on-site or off-site liabilities.4.2.3 Residential Tenants/Purchasers and Others—No implication is intended that it is currently customary practice for residential tenants of multifamily residential buildings, or other residential real estate to conduct a LMA in connection with these transactions. Thus, these transactions are not included in the term commercial real estate transaction, and it is not intended to imply that such persons are obligated to conduct a LMA in connection with these transactions for purposes of appropriate inquiry or for other purposes.4.3 Who May Conduct—The walk-through survey portion of a LMA should be conducted by a field observer qualified as outlined in Section 7.4.4 Additional Services—As set forth in 11.13, additional services may be contracted for between the user and the provider. Such additional services may include moisture metering, sampling of suspect fungal growth, invasive testing, thermographic imaging, environmental site assessments, property condition assessments or other services not included within the scope of this guide, examples of which area identified in Section 12 under Out of Considerations.4.5 Principles—The following principles are an integral part of this guide and are intended to be referred to in resolving ambiguity or exercising such discretion as is accorded the user or provider in conducting a LMA or in judging whether a user or provider has conducted appropriate inquiry or has otherwise conducted an adequate LMA.4.5.1 Uncertainty Not Eliminated—No limited survey of readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture can wholly eliminate uncertainty regarding the potential for readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture to be present at the subject property. Performance of a LMA pursuant to this guide is intended to reduce, but not eliminate, uncertainty regarding the current readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture at a property nor to eliminate the potential for readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture to be or to become present. The guide recognizes a provider’s findings may be determined under time constraints, formed without the aid of testing, exploratory probing, the removal of materials, design, or other technically exhaustive means.4.5.2 Not Exhaustive—Appropriate inquiry does not mean an exhaustive assessment of the subject property. There is a point at which the cost of information obtained or the time required to gather it outweighs the usefulness of the information and, in fact, may be a material detriment to the orderly completion of transactions. One of the purposes of this guide is to identify a balance between the competing goals of limiting the costs and time demands inherent in performing a LMA and the reduction of uncertainty about unknown conditions resulting from additional information.4.5.3 Activity Exclusions—Certain activities are generally excluded from or otherwise represent limitations to the scope of a LMA prepared in accordance with this guide. These should not be construed as all-inclusive or implying that any exclusion not specifically identified is a LMA requirement under this guide. Specifically excluded activities include:4.5.3.1 Removing or relocating materials, furniture, storage containers, personal effects, debris materials or finishes; conducting exploratory probing or testing; dismantling or operating equipment or appliances; or disturbing personal items or property which obstructs access or visibility.4.5.3.2 Sampling of any type, including sampling for suspect fungi or other forms of biological growth, or sampling or otherwise measuring moisture or other physical characteristics.4.5.3.3 Entering or accessing areas of the premises deemed to pose a threat of dangerous or adverse conditions with respect to the field observer or to perform any procedure that may damage or impair the physical integrity of the subject property, any building system, or component.4.5.3.4 Providing an environmental site assessment, property condition assessment, or any element of an environmental site assessment or property condition assessment.4.5.4 Hidden Areas—Moisture affected materials may occur in hidden areas such as: within wall cavities, within crawlspaces; above ceiling tiles or beneath flooring materials, and so forth. Possible locations of hidden moisture affected materials can include pipe chases and utility tunnels, porous thermal or acoustic liners inside ductwork, or roof insulation materials above roof decks of ceilings. If the user suspects the presence of hidden moisture affected materials (for example, due to musty smells), the user should communicate this fact to the provider. If the provider suspects the presence of hidden moisture affected materials, the provider should detail such findings in the report. Further investigation of hidden moisture affected materials is beyond the scope of work described in this guide.4.5.5 Representative Observations—The purpose of conducting representative observations is to convey to the user the expected magnitude of commonly encountered or anticipated conditions. Representative observation quantities should be provided in the agreement between user and provider; however, if in the provider’s opinion such representative observations as presented in the agreement are unwarranted as a result of homogeneity of the asset or other reasons deemed appropriate by the provider, a sufficient number of units, areas, systems, buildings, and so forth may be observed so as to achieve a reasonable confidence as to the representative present conditions of such repetitive or similar areas, systems, buildings, and so forth.4.5.5.1 User-Requested Representative Observations—A user may define the representative observations required for a given subject property.4.5.5.2 Extrapolation of Findings—Provider may reasonably extrapolate representative observations and findings to all typical areas or systems of the subject property for the purposes of describing such conditions within the report. The provider’s rationale for the extrapolation of findings should be included in the report.4.5.6 Level of Inquiry Is Variable—Not every commercial real estate transaction will warrant the same level of assessment. Consistent with good commercial practice, the appropriate level of survey will be guided by the type of property subject to assessment, the expertise and risk tolerance of the user, geographic and other environmentally related issues such as local climate, drainage and proximity to surface water, and other information that may be developed during the course of the LMA.4.5.7 Comparison With Subsequent Inquiry—It should not be concluded or assumed that an inquiry was not an appropriate inquiry merely because the inquiry did not identify readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture in connection with a commercial building. LMAs should be evaluated based on the reasonableness of judgments made at the time and under the circumstances in which they were made. Subsequent LMAs should not be considered valid standards to judge the appropriateness of any prior assessment based upon hindsight, changed conditions, new information, use of developing technology or analytical techniques, or other factors.4.6 Rules of Engagement—The contractual and legal obligations between a provider and a user (and other parties, if any) are outside the scope of this guide. No specific legal relationship between the provider and the user is necessary for the user to meet the requirements of this guide.1.1 Purpose—The purpose of this guide2 is to define good commercial practice for conducting a limited survey for readily observable moisture affected materials and conditions conducive to elevated moisture in a commercial building related to commercial real estate transaction or commercial real estate management by conducting: a walk-through survey, document reviews, and interviews as outlined within this guide. This guide is intended to provide a practical means for the limited identification of moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture caused by water infiltration through the building envelope or substructure or generated within the subject building as a result of processes or mechanical systems, excluding de minimis conditions. This guide is to allow a user to assess general moisture concerns, as well as the potential need for further assessment or other actions that may be appropriate that are beyond the scope of this guide. For purposes of this guide, the initialism “LMA” or “Limited Moisture Assessment” is used interchangeably with this guide’s full title.1.2 Purpose Limitations—While a LMA may be used to survey for readily identifiable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture, the LMA is not designed to serve as comprehensive survey for the presence of moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture in all or most areas in a commercial building. It is not intended to reduce or eliminate the risks that elevated moisture may pose to the subject building or its occupants.1.3 Considerations Beyond This —The use of this guide is limited to the scope set forth in this section. Section 12 of this guide identifies, for informational purposes, certain physical conditions (not an all-inclusive list) that may exist at a subject property and certain activities or procedures (not an all-inclusive list) that are beyond the scope of this guide but may warrant consideration by users. The need to investigate any such conditions in the provider’s scope of services should be evaluated based upon, among other factors, the nature of the subject property and the reason for conducting the LMA. The scope of such further investigation or testing services should be agreed upon between the user and the provider as additional services, which are beyond the scope of this guide, prior to initiation of the LMA process. The responsibility to initiate work beyond the scope of this guide lies with the user.1.3.1 Sampling for suspect fungi and other forms of biological growth is a non-scope consideration under this guide.1.3.2 Sampling or otherwise measuring for moisture is a non-scope consideration under this guide.1.4 Organization of the Guide—This guide has 13 sections and two appendices. Section 1 defines the . Section 2 is Referenced Documents. Section 3 is Terminology. Section 4 defines the of this guide. Section 5 describes User Responsibilities. Sections 6 through 11 provide guidelines for the main body of the report, including the scope of the walk-through survey and preparation of the report. Section 12 identifies Out of Considerations. Section 13 lists keywords for Internet reference. Appendix X1 provides the user with a suggested Interview Checklist, and Appendix X2 provides the user with a suggested Field Checklist.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

The objectives of the respiration inhibition tests may be defined by the interests of the user, but the test method is designed primarily for examination of the inhibition response with operating microbial systems such as an activated sludge process treating domestic or industrial wastes. Different apparatus exist that facilitate continuous or continual measurement of respiration in microbial systems and each may be used as the tool to observe respiration in this test method. Respirometry may utilize any apparatus and technique that will achieve the determination of respiration rate. A number of devices are presented in Appendix X1. Equivalency in the experimental capability of each device is not implied. The analyst should select the respirometric approach that best suits his needs. The inhibitory effect of a test candidate is identified more completely by examining inhibition over a range of concentrations, such as determining the EC50. The use of aerated containers permits concurrent management of a series of cell suspensions. A respirometer for each cell suspension might also be used.1.1 This test method covers a batch procedure that evaluates the impact of selected wastewaters, materials, or specific compounds on the respiration rate of an aqueous microbial culture, such as activated sludge. 1.2 Alternative procedures for measurement of microbial activity, such as adenosine 5′ triphosphate (ATP), specific substrate utilization, etc. are not within the scope of this test method. 1.3 The results obtained are based on comparisons in a specific test series that examines a range of concentrations of the potentially inhibitory test candidate using batch methods in a laboratory. Results are completed in a short time frame (a few hours). 1.4 The test results are specific to the microbial culture used. Microbial culture from different wastewater treatment plants will differ in kinds and numbers of organisms, and performance capability. Thus, there is no basis for comparing results for microbial cultures from different treatment facilities. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This practice covers pharmaceutical process design utilizing process analytical technology, which is integral to process development as well as post-development process optimization. It is focused on practical implementation and experimental development of process understanding. The principles in this practice are applicable to both drug substance and drug product processes. For drug products, formulation development and process development are interrelated and therefore the process design will incorporate knowledge from the formulation development. The following practices and methodologies shall be done to attain desired state: risk assessment and mitigation; continuous improvement; process fitness for purpose; intrinsic performance assessment; manufacturing strategy; data collection and formal experimental design; multivariate tools; process analyzers; and process control.1.1 This practice covers process design, which is integral to process development as well as post-development process optimization. It is focused on practical implementation and experimental development of process understanding.1.2 The term process design as used in this practice can mean:1.2.1 The activities to design a process (the process design), or1.2.2 The outcome of this activity (the designed process), or both.1.3 The principles in this practice are applicable to both drug substance and drug product processes. For drug products, formulation development and process development are interrelated and therefore the process design will incorporate knowledge from the formulation development.1.4 The principles in this practice apply during development of a new process or the improvement or redesign of an existing one, or both.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 Internal—The EMPM provides assessment results that are easy to understand and communicate. Areas requiring additional resources become apparent, and thus, can be more readily addressed. Improvement can be tracked in meaningful ways. Assessment detail allows attention to be drawn to processes of exceptional maturity and areas in which changes or additional resources, or both, are required to achieve process improvements.5.2 External—Meaningful comparisons to external requirements are enabled. Comparisons of equipment management between entities in different operational or business environments become meaningful and provide insight previously unavailable.1.1 This practice covers a process for the assessment and reporting of an entity’s overall equipment management process maturity (EMPM).1.2 The highest value is placed on continuous improvement as reflected in measured increases in maturity over time.1.3 The EMPM model is designed to be applicable and appropriate for all equipment-holding entities, however, the EMPM may not be the only acceptable assessment model available.1.4 It includes all aspects of equipment management.1.5 In addition to applicability to equipment and equipment management as defined in this practice, this practice may in whole or in part be effectively applied to intangible property, real property, and material.1.6 There is great variation across organizations regarding the internal departments that accomplish the various aspects of equipment management. Thus, all criteria are not applicable to all entities.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Uses:  4.1.1 This practice is intended for use on a voluntary basis by parties who wish to evaluate known releases or likely release areas identified by the user or Phase II Assessor, and/or to assess the presence or likely presence of substances, for legal or business reasons such as those described in 1.2. 4.1.2 This practice is intended to meet the business community's need for a written, practical reference describing a scientifically sound approach to investigating a property to evaluate the presence or likely presence of a substance. It is impossible to generalize about the contexts in which a user may wish to conduct such investigations or the degree of confidence a user may require in the results. In any context, this practice, being rooted in sound scientific methodology, can assist users in achieving an objective and defensible assessment. 4.1.2.1 This practice does not address the evaluation of business environmental risks in light of data collected through the Phase II ESA process. Such evaluation is a function of site- and transaction-specific variables, and of the user’s objectives and risk tolerance. This practice contemplates that the Phase II ESA process will be planned and conducted with such variables in mind, and that the user will evaluate legal, business and environmental risks in light of known data relating to the particular site and transaction, and in consultation with legal and business advisors as well as the Phase II Assessor. 4.1.2.2 Likewise, this practice does not define the threshold levels at which target analytes pose a concern of significance to the user. Users may apply this practice not only in light of applicable regulatory criteria and relevant liability principles, but also to meet self-defined objectives. 4.1.2.3 If a Phase II ESA conducted in accordance with this practice provides sufficient information from which the Phase II Assessor can conclude, consistent with the scientific method, that the question to be addressed by the assessment (see 6.4.1) has been answered, then further assessment is not warranted to meet the objectives of the assessment. 4.1.3 Use Not Limited to CERCLA—This practice is designed to assist a user in developing information about the environmental condition of the property and has utility for a wide range of target analytes (e.g., including diffuse anthropogenic contamination and naturally occurring substances) and users including those who may have no actual or potential CERCLA concerns. 4.1.4 Site- and Transaction-Specific—The scope of a Phase II ESA is site-specific and context-specific. The assessment process defined by this practice is intended to generate sound, objective, and defensible information sufficient to satisfy diverse user objectives. 4.1.5 Use by Other Parties—This practice does not define whether or to what extent any person other than the user may use or rely upon a Phase II ESA prepared for the user. The appropriateness of third party use or reliance is a contractual matter that should be addressed between user and Phase II Assessor, see Appendix X2, section X2.4. 4.2 Principles—The following principles are an integral part of this practice and are intended to be referred to in resolving any ambiguity or exercising such discretion as is accorded the user or Phase II Assessor. 4.2.1 Elimination of Uncertainty—No Phase II ESA can eliminate all uncertainty. Furthermore, any sample, either surface or subsurface, taken for chemical testing may or may not be representative of a larger population. Professional judgment and interpretation are inherent in the process, and even when exercised in accordance with objective scientific principles, uncertainty is inevitable. Additional assessment beyond that which was reasonably undertaken may reduce the uncertainty. 4.2.1.1 Failure to Detect—Even when Phase II ESA work is executed competently and in accordance with this practice, it must be recognized that certain conditions present especially difficult target analyte detection problems. Such conditions may include, but are not limited to, complex geological settings, unusual or generally poorly understood behavior and fate characteristics of certain substances, complex, discontinuous, random, dynamic, or spotty distributions of existing target analytes, physical impediments to investigation imposed by the location of utilities and other man-made objects, and the inherent limitations of assessment technologies. 4.2.1.2 Limitations of Information—The effectiveness of a Phase II ESA may be compromised by limitations or defects in the information used to define the objectives and scope of the investigation, including inability to obtain information concerning historical site uses or prior site assessment activities despite the efforts of the user and Phase II Assessor to obtain such information in accordance with 5.1.3. 4.2.1.3 Chemical Analysis Error—Chemical testing methods have inherent uncertainties and limitations. The Phase II Assessor shall build quality control and quality assurance measures into the assessment, as outlined in Section 7. The Phase II Assessor should require the laboratory to report any potential or actual problems experienced, or nonroutine events which may have occurred during the testing, so that such problems can be considered in evaluating the data. The Phase II Assessor should subsequently identify such problems in any reports or documentation provided to the user. Any laboratory utilized for chemical testing shall be accredited in accordance with applicable state requirements. 4.2.2 Level of Assessment—Phase II ESAs do not generally require an exhaustive assessment of environmental conditions on a property. There is a point at which the cost of information obtained and the time required to obtain it outweigh the benefit of the information and, in the context of private transactions and contractual responsibilities, may become a material detriment to the orderly conduct of business. If the presence of target analytes is confirmed on a property, the extent of further assessment is a function of the degree of confidence required and the degree of uncertainty acceptable, in relation to the objectives of the assessment. 4.2.3 Comparison With Subsequent Inquiry—The justification and adequacy of the findings of a Phase II ESA in light of the findings of a subsequent inquiry should be evaluated based on the reasonableness of judgments made at the time and under the circumstances in which they were made. 4.2.4 Data Usability—Investigation data generally only represent the site conditions at the time the data were generated and site conditions can be dynamic. Therefore, the usability of data collected as part of a Phase II ESA may have a finite lifetime depending on the application and use being made of the data. To the extent that investigation data would fall within the scope of data used in a Phase I ESA conducted pursuant to Practice E1527 or Practice E2247, the lifetime limits defined by those standards apply. In all other respects, a Phase II Assessor should evaluate whether previously generated data are appropriate for any subsequent use beyond the original purpose for which they were collected, or are otherwise subject to lifetime limits imposed by other laws, regulations or regulatory policies. 4.2.5 Phase II Assessor Does Not Provide Legal or Business Advice—The Phase II ESA is intended to develop and present sound, scientifically valid data concerning actual site conditions. It shall not be the role of the Phase II Assessor to provide legal or business advice. 1.1 This practice2 covers a process for conducting a Phase II environmental site assessment (ESA) of a parcel of property with respect to the presence or the likely presence of substances including but not limited to those within the scope of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) (e.g., hazardous substances), pollutants, contaminants, petroleum and petroleum products, and controlled substances and constituents thereof. It specifies procedures based on the scientific method to characterize property conditions in an objective, representative, reproducible, and defensible manner. To promote clarity in defining Phase II ESA objectives and transparency in communicating and interpreting Phase II ESA results, this practice specifies adherence to requirements for documenting the scope of assessment and constraints on the conduct of the assessment process. 1.1.1 A user's interest in the presence or likely presence of substances in environmental media at a property may arise in a wide variety of legal, regulatory, and commercial contexts, and may involve diverse objectives including those listed in 1.2. This practice contemplates that the user and the Phase II Assessor will consult to define the scope and objectives of investigation in light of relevant factors, including without limitation the substances released or possibly released at the property, the nature of the concerns presented by their presence or likely presence, the behavior , fate and transport characteristics of substances released or possibly released, the portion of the property to be investigated, the information already available, the degree of confidence needed or desired in the results, the degree of investigatory sampling and chemical testing needed to achieve such confidence, and any applicable time and resource constraints. This practice requires that Phase II activities be conducted so that the resulting scope of work is performed, and the stated objectives are achieved, in a scientifically sound manner. 1.1.2 A Phase II ESA in accordance with this practice may be conducted after site assessment activities in accordance with Practice E1527 for Phase I Environmental Site Assessments: Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Process, Practice E2247 for Environmental Site Assessments: Phase I Environmental Site Assessment for Forestland or Rural Property, EPA’s All Appropriate Inquiries (AAI) Rule, 40 C.F.R. Part 312, or Practice E1528 for Limited Environmental Due Diligence: Transaction Screen Process. In defining the scope and purposes of a Phase II ESA, however, previous decisions to classify property conditions or areas as RECs, or to refrain from doing so, are not determinative as to whether investigation of the same conditions or areas is appropriate to meet the objectives of the Phase II ESA. 1.2 Objectives—This practice is intended for use where a user desires to obtain sound, scientifically valid data concerning actual property conditions, whether or not such data relate to property conditions previously identified as RECs or data gaps in Phase I ESAs. Without attempting to define all such situations, this practice contemplates that users may seek such data to inform their evaluations, conclusions, and choices of action in connection with objectives that may include, without limitation, one or more of the following: 1.2.1 Objective 1—Assess whether there has been a release of hazardous substances within the meaning of CERCLA, for purposes including landowner liability protections (i.e., innocent landowner, bona fide prospective purchaser, and contiguous property owner). 1.2.2 Objective 2—Provide information relevant to identifying, defining or implementing landowner “continuing obligations,” or the criteria established under CERCLA (e.g., exercising appropriate care by taking reasonable steps to prevent or limit exposures to previously released hazardous substances) for maintaining the CERCLA landowner liability protections. 1.2.3 Objective 3—Develop threshold knowledge of the presence of substances on properties within the scope of the CERCLA definition of a “brownfield site” and as required for qualifying for brownfields remediation grants from the EPA Brownfields Program. 1.2.4 Objective 4—Provide information relevant to identifying, defining and evaluating property conditions associated with target analytes that may pose risk to human health or the environment, or risk of bodily injury to persons on the property and thereby give rise to potential liability in tort. 1.2.5 Objective 5—Provide information relevant to evaluating and allocating business environmental risk in transactional and contractual contexts, including transferring, financing and insuring properties, and due diligence relating thereto. 1.2.6 Objective 6—Provide information to support disclosure of liabilities and contingent liabilities in financial statements and securities reporting. 1.2.7 Additional information concerning these six objectives may be found in the Legal Appendix, Appendix X1. 1.3  of Assessment in Relation to Objectives—The scope of a Phase II ESA is related to the objectives of the investigation. Both scope and objectives may require ongoing evaluation and refinement as the assessment progresses. 1.3.1 In developing the scope of work and in evaluating data and information concerning the property, the Phase II Assessor must determine whether the available information is sufficient to meet the objectives of the investigation. Even after conducting Phase II activities to generate additional data, the Phase II Assessor must independently evaluate the sufficiency of the data in relation to the objectives. As the investigation progresses, the objectives may be refined or redefined in consultation between the user and the Phase II Assessor. 1.3.2 A single round of sampling and chemical testing may not always provide data sufficient to meet the chosen objectives. If not, this practice contemplates additional sampling in an iterative sequence that concludes when the available data are sufficient. This practice also acknowledges, however, that the user may instead elect either to redefine the objectives so that they can be met with the data available, or to terminate the investigative process without meeting the stated objectives. The Phase II Assessment report must disclose any respect in which available data are insufficient to meet objectives. 1.3.3 This practice does not require full site characterization in every instance, but may be used to carry out an investigation sufficient for that purpose if desired to meet the user's objectives. 1.4 Needs of the User—The user and Phase II Assessor must have a mutual understanding of the context in which the Phase II ESA is to be performed and the objectives to be met by the investigation, i.e. the specific questions to be answered or problems to be resolved by the Phase II ESA. The scope of Phase II activities must be defined in relation to those objectives. 1.4.1 The degree of confidence desired by the user influences the scope of the investigation and the evaluation of data. More extensive testing and more iterations of sampling and analysis may be needed if the objectives require detailed conclusions with high confidence. Less testing and fewer iterations of sampling and analysis may be needed if the objectives of the assessment require only general conclusions. 1.5 Limitations—This practice is not intended to supersede applicable requirements imposed by regulatory authorities. This practice does not attempt to define a legal standard of care either for the performance of professional services with respect to matters within its scope, or for the performance of any individual Phase II ESA. 1.6 Organization of This Practice—This practice has nine sections and four appendices. Section 1 covers the of the practice. Section 2, Referenced Documents, lists ASTM and other organizations’ related standards and guidance that may be useful in conducting Phase II ESAs in accordance with this practice. Section 3, Terminology, contains definitions of terms and acronyms used in this practice. Section 4 addresses the of this practice, including the legal context into which Phase II ESAs may fall. Section 5 discusses development and documentation of the scope of the Phase II ESA, including the Statement of Objectives for the assessment. Section 6 provides a Phase II ESA Overview, with purpose and goal descriptions. Section 7 comprises the main body of Performing the Phase II ESA, and includes initiating scientific inquiry by formulating the question to be answered (7.1), collecting and evaluating information (7.2), identifying areas for investigation (7.3), developing the conceptual model (7.4), developing a plan and rationale for sampling (7.5), conducting the sampling (7.6), and validating the conceptual model (7.7). Interpretation of results is covered in Section 8. Phase II Environmental Site Assessment report preparation is addressed in Section 9. Appendix X1 supports Section 4, and contains legal considerations pertaining to Phase II Environmental Site Assessment. Appendix X2 contains contracting considerations between Phase II assessor and user. Appendix X3 supports Section 9, and describes two examples and a sample table of contents illustrating possible approaches to reporting the results of a Phase II Environmental Site Assessment. Appendix X4 supplements Section 2 with a list of standards and references that may be relevant in conducting a Phase II Environmental Site Assessment. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

This specification covers steel plates produced by the thermo-mechanical control process (TMCP). The plates are intended primarily for use in welded pressure vessels. The steel shall be killed and shall conform to specified fine austenitic grain size and chemical composition requirements. If the plates are to be subjected to warm forming or post-weld heat treatment, the test coupons shall be subjected to heat treatment to simulate such fabrication operations. The tension test and notch toughness test requirements are presented in details. Two tension tests shall be made from each plate-as-rolled. One test coupon shall be taken from a corner of the plate on each end.1.1 This specification2 covers steel plates produced by the thermo-mechanical control process (TMCP). The plates are intended primarily for use in welded pressure vessels. A description of the TMCP method is given in Appendix X1.1.2 Due to the inherent characteristics of the TMCP method, the plates cannot be formed at elevated temperatures without sustaining significant losses in strength and toughness. Except for Grade G, the plates may be formed and post-weld heat-treated at temperatures not exceeding 1200°F [650°C], providing the requirements of 6.1 are met. Grade G plates may be formed at temperatures not exceeding 985°F [530°C] provided the requirements of 6.1 are met.1.3 The maximum permitted nominal thickness of plates furnished to this specification is 4 in. [100 mm] for Grades A, B, and C; 1.5 in. [40 mm] for Grades D,3 E, and F; and 2 in. [50 mm] for Grade G.1.4 Grade G is susceptible to magnetization. Use of magnets in handling after heat treatment should be avoided if residual magnetism would be detrimental to subsequent fabrication or service.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents. Therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specification.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 683元 / 折扣价： 581 元

This specification covers 9% nickel-alloy steel plates produced by the direct-quenching process. The plates are intended primarily for use in welded pressure vessels. The steel shall be killed and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement specified. The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements specified. Tension test and impact test shall be made to conform to the requirements specified.1.1 This specification covers 9 % nickel-alloy steel plates produced by the direct-quenching process. The plates are intended primarily for use in welded pressure vessels.1.2 The direct-quenching process consists of quenching the plates directly after rolling, without permitting the plates to cool below the critical temperature prior to initiation of the quenching operation, and subsequently tempering the plates (see Appendix X1). (Note: The direct-quenching process differs from the “conventional” process in which the plates are permitted to cool to a temperature significantly below the critical temperature, usually to ambient temperature, prior to reheating to a temperature above the upper critical temperature, then quenching, and subsequently tempering.)1.3 If the plates are subjected to warm forming, the temperature shall not exceed 950°F [510°C].1.4 The maximum nominal thickness of plates furnished under this specification shall not exceed 2 in. [50 mm].1.5 This material is susceptible to magnetization. Use of magnets in handling after heat treatment should be avoided if residual magnetism would be detrimental to subsequent fabrication or service.1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 683元 / 折扣价： 581 元

4.1 This practice will provide the following: (1) a statistical summary of individual production run data plotted on a control chart; (2) a statistical summary of data from multiple production runs; (3) a procedure to relate the average and variation of these data groups to specification limits, and (4) indexes for comparing different manufacturing units for projecting future capabilities or as historical reference.1.1 This practice covers (1) a statistical procedure for analyzing the test data generated in the statistical process control of a carbon black manufacturing process; (2) a format for reporting process capability determined from the analysis of control chart data of an individual production run, and (3) a format for reporting process performance determined from the analysis of control chart data of an individual production run.1.2 This practice specifically applies to the analysis of pelleted carbon black samples taken during the manufacturing process prior to storage. This practice does not apply to shipment samples taken from hopper cars or other containers or packages.1.3 This practice is specifically designed to be used for those test methods given in Classification D1765 which specify target values. However, these techniques are applicable to other test methods on carbon black.1.4 This practice describes the calculation for two methods of determining capability factors from an analysis of process control data.1.4.1 Process capability (Cp) is a measurement of variation calculated from the process control chart data with the use of an estimated standard deviation (^σ) from the mean value of the moving range (R) chart. The calculation of the process capability (Cp and Cpk) indexes can be used as historical information or to predict future performance of the process, but are only valid when the process is in a state of statistical control.1.4.2 Process performance (Pp) is a measurement of variation calculated from the process control chart data using sample standard deviation(s). The calculation of the process performance (Pp and Ppk) indexes are used for a historical reference of a process' performance and does not require a state of statistical control.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers the requirements for zinc coatings applied by the electrolytic process to any grade of hot-rolled or cold-rolled steel sheets for applications requiring designation of the coating mass on each surface. Coating application shall be done on one or both surfaces with equal or differential coating masses and similar levels of corrosion protection, and shall have no effect on the base metal mechanical properties. The coated sheets may be available as commercial steel (CS), drawing steel (DS), deep drawing steel (DDS), extra-deep drawing steel (EDDS), structural steel (SS), high-strength low-alloy steel (HSLAS), high-strength low-alloy steel with improved formability (HSLAS-F), solution-hardened steel (SHS), or bake-hardenable steel (BHS). Coatings shall be designated accordingly, and shall undergo test methods such as weigh-strip-weigh method, nondestructive X-ray fluorescence measurement, and Coulometric method. Accordingly, individual coating designations should conform to coating weight, mass per surface, and thickness requirements.1.1 This specification covers zinc coatings applied by the electrolytic process to hot-rolled and cold-rolled steel sheet. The coating has a smooth, spangle-free surface. The zinc-coated sheet covered in this specification is produced in a wide range of coating masses to provide coatings that are compatible with the anticipated service life required. The coating mass varies, from very thin coatings that are usually painted to provide good service, to relatively heavy masses that provide good corrosion resistance in the bare (unpainted) condition.1.2 The product shall be coated on one or both surfaces with equal or differential coating masses on the two surfaces. Sheet coated with equal coating masses on each surface has similar levels of corrosion protection on each surface. Often, however, a higher level of corrosion protection is required on one surface than is required on the other. Thus, one surface is specified to have a heavier coating mass than the other. Either surface, when specified to be painted, will provide additional corrosion protection as compared to an unpainted surface.1.3 This coating process has essentially no effect on the base metal mechanical properties and use is permitted on any grade of hot- or cold-rolled steel sheet. The coated sheet is available as Commercial Steel (CS), Drawing Steel (DS), Deep Drawing Steel (DDS), Extra-Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS), Structural Steel (SS), High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel (HSLAS), High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel with Improved Formability (HSLAS-F), Solution-Hardened Steel (SHS), Bake-Hardenable Steel (BHS), Required Hardness Steel (RHS), or Special Forming Steel (SFS); see Specifications A1008/A1008M and A1011/A1011M.1.4 Ordered dimensions are specified based on the finished coated steel sheet product and all dimensional tolerances are defined per Specification A568/A568M, Section 8.1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车