定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元

定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元

定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元

定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元 加购物车

5.1 Use this test method to measure the thermal protection provided by different materials, garments, clothing ensembles, and systems when exposed to a specified fire (see 3.2.2, 3.2.3, 4.1, and 10.4).5.1.1 This test method does not simulate high radiant exposures, for example, those found in electric arc flash exposures, some types of fire exposures where liquid or solid fuels are involved, nor exposure to nuclear explosions.5.2 This test method provides a measurement of garment and clothing ensemble performance on a stationary upright manikin of specified dimensions. This test method is used to provide predicted skin burn injury for a specific garment or protective clothing ensemble when exposed to a laboratory simulation of a fire. It does not establish a pass/fail for material performance.5.2.1 This test method is not intended to be a quality assurance test. The results do not constitute a material’s performance specification.5.2.2 The effects of body position and movement are not addressed in this test method.5.3 The measurement of the thermal protection provided by clothing is complex and dependent on the apparatus and techniques used. It is not practical in a test method of this scope to establish details sufficient to cover all contingencies. Departures from the instructions in this test method have the potential to lead to significantly different test results. Technical knowledge concerning the theory of heat transfer and testing practices is needed to evaluate if, and which departures from the instructions given in this test method are significant. Standardization of the test method reduces, but does not eliminate, the need for such technical knowledge. Report any departures along with the results.1.1 This test method is used to provide predicted human skin burn injury for single-layer garments or protective clothing ensembles mounted on a stationary upright instrumented manikin which are then exposed in a laboratory to a simulated fire environment having controlled heat flux, flame distribution, and duration. The average exposure heat flux is 84 kW/m2 (2 cal/s·cm2), with durations up to 20 s.1.2 The visual and physical changes to the single-layer garment or protective clothing ensemble are recorded to aid in understanding the overall performance of the garment or protective clothing ensemble and how the predicted human skin burn injury results can be interpreted.1.3 The skin burn injury prediction is based on a limited number of experiments where the forearms of human subjects were exposed to elevated thermal conditions. This forearm information for skin burn injury is applied uniformly to the entire body of the manikin, except the hands and feet. The hands and feet are not included in the skin burn injury prediction.1.4 The measurements obtained and observations noted can only apply to the particular garment(s) or ensemble(s) tested using the specified heat flux, flame distribution, and duration.1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.6 This method is not a fire test response test method.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units or other units commonly used for thermal testing. If appropriate, round the non-SI units for convenience.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 This practice determines the effectiveness of UVGI devices for reducing viable microorganisms deposited on carriers.5.2 This practice evaluates the effect soiling agents have on UVGI antimicrobial effectiveness.5.3 This practice determines the delivered UVGI dose.1.1 This practice will define test conditions to evaluate ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) light devices (mercury vapor bulbs, light-emitting diodes, or xenon arc lamps) that are designed to kill/inactivate microorganisms deposited on inanimate carriers.1.2 This practice defines the terminology and methodology associated with the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum and evaluating UVGI dose.1.3 This practice defines the testing considerations that can reduce UVGI surface kill effectiveness, that is, presence of a soiling agent.1.4 This practice does not address shadowing.1.5 This practice should only be used by those trained in microbiology and in accordance with the guidance provided by Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (5th edition), 2009, HHS Publication No. (CDC) 21-1112.1.6 This practice does not recommend either specific test microbes or growth media. Users of this practice shall select appropriate test microbes and growth media based on the specific objectives of their UV antimicrobial performance evaluation test plan.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.8 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, may be prohibited by local or national law.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Methods such as D3273 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Growth of Mold on the Surface of Interior Coatings in an Environmental Chamber and D3274 Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Degree of Surface Disfigurement of Paint Films by Fungal or Algal Growth or Soil or Dirt Accumulation provide means for assessing mold and algal staining on paints.5.2 This test method provides a technique for evaluating antimicrobials in or on polymeric solids against staining by Streptomyces species, bacteria and should assist in the prediction of performance of treated articles under actual field conditions.5.3 Conditioning of the specimens, such as exposure to leaching, weathering, and heat treatment, may have significant effects on performance of antimicrobials against staining. Determination of these effects is not included in this test method.1.1 This test method is intended to assess susceptibility of flat two dimensional vinyl films and other solid polymer products as well as products that may directly contact vinyl to pink-staining by the actinomycete bacteria Streptomyces species. This test method may not be suitable for highly textured or porous substrates.1.2 This test method is not suitable for evaluating dark-pigmented test samples.1.3 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is recommended for these procedures.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 This test method is intended to provide a standardized test procedure of protective materials to ensure comparable results among manufacturers and users.5.2 This test method involves measurement of the attenuation of X-rays by protective clothing material at an accelerating potential (kVp) between 60 and 130 kVp. These energies are considered to be representative of those commonly used during medical diagnosis.5.3 The reporting of the attenuation at a specific X-ray energy is intended to allow the end user organization to assess the attenuating properties of the protective clothing material at that energy level.1.1 This test method establishes procedures for measuring the attenuation of X-rays by protective materials at accelerating potentials from 60 to 130 kVp.1.2 This test method provides attenuation values of primary beam X-radiation.1.3 This test method applies to both leaded and non-leaded radiation protective clothing materials.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 The Single Tube Method is designed to evaluate the efficacy of disinfectants against biofilm grown in the CDC biofilm reactor following the procedures outlined in Practice E3161. Biofilm grown in the CDC reactor is representative of biofilm that forms under high fluid shear on surfaces conducive to biofilm formation.5.1.1 Vegetative biofilm bacteria are phenotypically different from suspended planktonic cells of the same genotype. Biofilm growth reactors are engineered to produce biofilm with specific characteristics (2). Altering either the engineered system or operating conditions will modify those characteristics as well as the physicochemical environment. The goal in biofilm research and testing is to choose the growth reactor and operating conditions that generate the most relevant biofilm for the particular study.5.2 The test method was designed to determine the log10 reduction in bacteria after exposure to a disinfectant in a closed system.5.3 The test method uses 50 mL conical tubes. The conical geometry allows for disinfectant exposure to biofilm on all surfaces of the coupon. For foaming disinfectants or for disinfectants requiring a larger volume of neutralizer, 250 mL conical tubes are used which preserve the required geometry and allow for greater neutralization capacity.5.4 Each test includes three untreated control coupons (exposed to buffered dilution water) and five treated coupons (per disinfectant/concentration/contact time combination).1.1 This test method specifies the operational parameters required to perform a quantitative liquid disinfectant efficacy test against bacterial biofilm.1.2 The test method was optimized and validated for a Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus biofilm grown in the CDC Biofilm Reactor (E3161). The method is suitable for evaluating additional bacteria grown using the procedures outlined in methods with comparable coupon dimensions such as Practice E3161, Test Method E2562, or Test Method E2196.1.3 Disinfectant preparation and contact time are used in the assessment according to the manufacturer’s instructions for use.1.4 The test method uses a closed system to treat biofilm. A coupon is placed in a single tube for the treatment, neutralization, and harvesting steps to prevent the loss of cells.1.5 This test method describes a harvesting and analysis procedure which includes vortexing and sonicating treated and untreated control biofilm, and recovery of culturable cells using filtration to lower the limit of detection. Biofilm population density is recorded as log10 colony-forming units per coupon. Efficacy is reported as a log10 reduction of culturable cells.1.6 Basic microbiology training is required to perform this assay.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 819元 / 折扣价： 697 元

5.1 The practice can be used to evaluate coupon materials of any composition, insofar as the coupon can be small enough to fit inside filter units mentioned in 4.1.5.2 This practice defines procedures that are quantitative, scalable, rapid, sensitive, and safe, while minimizing labor and addressing statistical confidence (1, 2).5.2.1 Quantitative—The total number of spores per coupon is determined by dilution-plating, and all spores remaining on the coupon are assayed for activity in the extraction tube to provide confidence that all the spores were accounted for.5.2.2 Statistical Confidence—The use of five independent preparations of spore inocula for a statistical n of 5.5.2.3 Sensitivity—Allows for complete detection of all culturable spores inoculated on a coupon, including the spores that remain attached to the coupon.5.2.3.1 The limit of detection is dependent on the culturability of fully matured spores to germinate, outgrow and divide in the presence of the extraction medium (1% tryptic soy broth, 100 mM L-Alanine, 1 mM inosine, 0.05% Tween 80) and/or on tryptic soy agar.5.2.3.2 Results presented in Refs (1, 3) (and currently unpublished results) indicate that these media, combined with the test temperatures and conditions described herein will generate results with a high level of practical confidence for detecting culturable Bacillus spores.5.2.4 Safety—Inoculated coupons are contained within filter units.5.2.5 Simplicity of Testing—Tests and extractions are performed in the same filter unit to minimize coupon handling steps.5.2.6 Scalable and Rapid—A maximum of 36 samples can be processed in 1 h by two technicians; a total of 300 samples have been processed by six technicians in 5 h (1, 2).5.2.7 Wide application for numerous Bacillus species and strains. The method has also been modified and used for vegetative bacteria and viruses as well (1, 2).1.1 This practice is used to quantify the efficacy of liquid or solid decontaminants on Bacillus spores dried on the surface of coupons made from porous and non-porous materials. This practice can distinguish between bactericidal and bacteriostatic chemicals within decontamination mixtures. This is important because many decontaminants contain both reactive compounds and high concentrations of bacteriostatic surfactants. All test samples are directly compared to pre-neutralized controls, un-inoculated negative growth controls, and solution controls on the same day as the test in order to increase practical confidence in the inactivation data.1.2 This procedure should be performed only by those trained in microbiological techniques, are familiar with antimicrobial (sporicidal) agents and the application instructions of the antimicrobial products.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method determines the effectiveness of UVGI devices for reducing viable microorganisms deposited on carriers.5.2 This test method evaluates the effect soiling agents have on UVGI antimicrobial effectiveness.5.3 This test method determines the delivered UVGI dose.1.1 This test method defines test conditions to evaluate ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) light devices (mercury vapor bulbs, light-emitting diodes, or xenon arc lamps) that are designed to kill/inactivate influenza virus deposited on inanimate carriers.1.2 This test method defines the terminology and methodology associated with the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum and evaluating UVGI dose.1.3 This test method defines the testing considerations that can reduce UVGI surface kill effectiveness (that is, soiling).1.4 Protocols for adjusting the UVGI dose to impact the reductions in levels of viable influenza virus are provided (Annex A1).1.5 This test method does not address shadowing.1.6 The test method should only be used by those trained in microbiology and in accordance with the guidance provided by Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories.21.7 This test method is specific to influenza viruses1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.9 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification deals with safeguarding against warpage and distortion during hot-dip galvanizing of steel assemblies. Common distorted and warped members of assemblies are sheets or plates assembled by welding or riveting. The following can cause warpage and distortion: use of nonsymmetrical sections such as channels; use of checkered plate; not properly vented overlapping joint for two pieces of steel; and too large assembly for a particular galvanizing kettle. Suggested corrections for panel fabrication are detailed.1.1 Steel assemblies and subassemblies fabricated by welding, such as composite structural members, sash, weldments, etc., that are to be hot-dip galvanized after fabrication, are subject to warpage and distortion of the material due to the heating and cooling integral to the galvanizing operation, particularly when it is necessary for the assembly to be dipped more than once to coat the entire surface.1.2 This specification is applicable in either inch pounds or SI units. Inch pounds and SI units are not necessarily exact equivalents. Within the text of this specification and where appropriate, SI units are shown in parentheses.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 The test method was designed to determine the LR in spores on a hard, non-porous surface after exposure to a test chemical in a closed system.5.2 Each test includes three control carriers (exposed to phosphate buffered saline with Tween-80), three test system control carriers (exposed to 1500 ppm  ± 150 ppm sodium hypochlorite), and ten treated carriers (per test chemical/concentration/contact time combination).1.1 This test method covers a standardized approach to quantitatively determine the effectiveness of antimicrobial chemicals in treating hard, non-porous surfaces contaminated with spores of C. difficile (ATCC 43598) grown in accordance with Practice E2839.1.2 This test method is based on principles established for Test Method E2197 and an Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Guidance Document.21.3 Training in basic microbiology and aseptic technique are required to perform this assay.1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

3.1 This guide is the first known attempt to focus on security requirements and compare them to available and known technologies capable of meeting these requirements. This guide describes several steps to select the appropriate anti-CADDSS technology. These steps are described in Section 4.1.1 This general guide is intended to assist the user of the guide in selecting anti-CADDSS technologies to protect their product from CADDSS.1.2 This guide does not address or evaluate specific anti-CADDSS technologies, but rather suggests a path that assists in the objective evaluation of features of anti-CADDSS technologies available protection of their product from CADDSS.1.3 This guide provides a procedure to accomplish the proper selection of a security system. Specific technologies are not addressed, nor are any technologies recommended. There are many security systems available in the public marketplace today. Each has limitations and must be carefully measured against the parameters presented in this guide. Once this careful analysis is done, the user will be in a knowledgeable position to select a security system to meet his needs.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车