定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元 加购物车

定价： 689元 / 折扣价： 586 元

定价： 689元 / 折扣价： 586 元

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元

4.1 Bulk density as determined by this test method is a basic material property of importance in manufacturing and application of carbon and graphite.4.2 This test method can be used for quality and process control, material characterization and description, and other purposes.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bulk density of manufactured articles of carbon and graphite of at least 500 mm3 volume. The bulk density is calculated to an accuracy of 0.25 %, using measurements of mass and dimensions in air at 25 °C ± 5 °C.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 Shot peening is a process for cold working surfaces by bombarding the product with shot of a solid and spherical nature propelled at a relatively high velocity. In general, shot peening will increase the fatigue life of a product that is subject to bending or torsional stress. It will improve resistance to stress corrosion cracking. It can be used to form parts or correct their shapes. See Appendix X1 for additional information.5.2 It is essential that the shot peening process parameters be controlled rigidly to ensure repeatability from part to part and lot to lot.5.3 This specification covers techniques and methods necessary for proper control of the shot peening process.AbstractThis specification covers the requirements for automated, controlled shot peening of metallic articles prior to electrolytic or autocatalytic deposition of nickel or chromium, or as a final finish, using shot made of cast steel, conditioned cut wire, or ceramic media. The process is applicable to those materials on which test work has shown it to be beneficial within given intensity ranges. It is not suitable for brittle materials. Hand peening and rotary flap peening are excluded specifically. Shot peening induces residual compressive stresses in the surface and near-surface layers of metallic articles, controlling or limiting the reduction in fatigue properties that occurs from nickel or chromium plating of the article, or the fatigue properties of unplated articles. It is a process for cold working surfaces by bombarding the product with shot of a solid and spherical nature propelled at a relatively high velocity. Cast steel, cut wire, and ceramic shot shall all be spherical in shape and shall all be free of sharp edges, corners, and broken pieces. Prior to shot peening, the following operations shall be done first: heat treatment, machining, grinding, flaw test, crack test, corrosion detection, cleaning, and masking. Peened surfaces shall be uniform in appearance and completely dented so that the original surface is obliterated entirely. After shot peening, the following methods shall be done: residual shot removal, surface finishing, chemical cleaning of nonferrous metals and their alloys, thermal and heat treatments, and corrosion protection.1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automated, controlled shot peening of metallic articles prior to electrolytic or autocatalytic deposition of nickel or chromium, or as a final finish, using shot made of cast steel, conditioned cut wire, or ceramic media. The process is applicable to those materials on which test work has shown it to be beneficial within given intensity ranges. It is not suitable for brittle materials. Hand peening and rotary flap peening are excluded specifically.1.2 Shot peening induces residual compressive stresses in the surface and near-surface layers of metallic articles, controlling or limiting the reduction in fatigue properties that occurs from nickel or chromium plating of the article, or the fatigue properties of unplated articles.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The use of this test method can significantly reduce the risk of sudden catastrophic failure of threaded articles and fasteners, below their design strength, due to hydrogen embrittlement.1.1 This test method covers the determination of, on a statistical basis, the probability of the existence of hydrogen embrittlement or degradation in:1.1.1 A batch of barrel electroplated, autocatalytic plated, phosphated, or chemically processed threaded articles or fasteners and1.1.2 A batch of rack plated threaded articles, fasteners, or rod.1.2 Industrial practice for threaded articles, fasteners, and rod has evolved three graduated levels of test exposure to ensure reduced risk of hydrogen embrittlement (see Section 3). These levels have evolved from commercial applications having varying levels of criticality. In essence, they represent the confidence level that is required. They also represent the time that finished goods are held before they can be shipped and used. This time equates to additional cost to the manufacturer that may of necessity be added to the cost of the finished goods.1.3 This test method is applicable to threaded articles, fasteners, and rod made from steel with ≥1000 MPa (with corresponding hardness values of 300 HV10 kgf, 303 HB, or 31 HRc) or surface hardened threaded articles, fasteners, or rod.1.4 This test method shall be carried out after hydrogen embrittlement relief heat treatment in accordance with the requirements of Guide B850. It may also be used for assessing differences in processing solutions, conditions, and techniques. This test method has two main functions: first, when used with a statistical sampling plan it can be used for lot acceptance or rejection, and second, it can be used as a control test to determine the effectiveness of the various processing steps including pre- and post-baking treatments to reduce the mobile hydrogen in the articles, fasteners, or rod. While this test method is capable of indicating those items that are embrittled to the extent defined in Section 3, it does not guarantee complete freedom from embrittlement.1.5 This test method does not relieve the processor from imposing and monitoring suitable process control.1.6 This test method has been coordinated with ISO/DIS 10587 and is technically equivalent. (Warning—Great care should be taken when applying this test method. The heads of embrittled articles, fasteners, or rod may suddenly break off and become flying projectiles capable of causing blindness or other serious injury. This hazard can occur as long as 200 h after the test has started. Hence, shields or other apparatus should be provided to avoid such injury.)Note 1—Test Method F1940 can be used as a process control and verification to prevent hydrogen embrittlement in fasteners covered by this test method.Note 2—The use of inhibitors in acid pickling baths does not necessarily guarantee avoidance of hydrogen embrittlement.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

3.1 This test method provides a means of determining the electrical resistivity of carbon or graphite specimens. The use of specimens that do not conform to the specimen size limitations described in the test method may result in an alteration of test method accuracy.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the electrical resistivity of manufactured carbon and graphite articles at room temperature.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 702元 / 折扣价： 597 元 加购物车

5.1 Porous articles (often textiles) are often treated with antimicrobial agents to reduce the growth of microorganisms during use, in storage, or while waiting to be laundered, or both. Additionally, antimicrobial agents are added to reduce or control the overall microbial growth on porous articles that may affect the material’s odor, visual, chemical or physical integrity, or both.5.2 Antimicrobial textile test methods that measure the antimicrobial behavior of treated textiles do exist but they are often specific for one type of antimicrobial agent or are designed to or may artificially (not expected in real life) promote the release of some specific antibacterial agents over others. This test method is designed to be able to measure the antimicrobial activity from all common antimicrobial agents used to treat porous articles, including textiles, without giving either positive or negative bias to one type of chemistry or product over another.5.3 In an effort to avoid excessive use or abuse of antimicrobial agents in the environment, it is important to understand if untreated porous articles are susceptible to microbial contamination and growth. In this test method, a small amount of nutrients is added to each test sample in order to promote some microbial growth on susceptible test samples but not enough to overwhelm potential antimicrobial agents that may be effective in real life situations. Furthermore, low levels of nutrients allow investigators to add soiling agents that may be more reflective of a specific treated product’s end use or expected performance.5.4 Very specific parameters are identified within this method to limit any variability that may be seen between laboratories. Identifying and clarifying potential variables found in other guides or methods used in the industry will allow for better reproducibility and repeatability between and within laboratories.5.5 This test method provides the foundation for conducting tests on porous antibacterial treated articles. Modifications of this method that simulate intended use, durability and compatibility of the treated article should be outlined to ensure an accurate assessment of antimicrobial activity with each particular biocide that substantiates end use claims made for the article. A list of these typical modifications and current test methods for textiles can be found in Guide E2922.5.6 This test method is appropriate for porous materials such as textiles, paper, or similar porous materials. It is intended to measure the antibacterial properties of such materials. In most instances, further studies will be required to support and substantiate actual claims being made for the performance of treated materials in practice or as part of a regulatory process.5.7 This test method or indicated modifications may be used to determine antimicrobial activity as indicated in 5.6 or may be used as a routine bioassay in standard quality control programs.1.1 To determine the bactericidal or bacteriostatic properties of porous articles treated with an active biocidal agent, samples of porous treated materials, such as textiles or paper, are inoculated with a defined suspension of microorganisms and then incubated. The changes in numbers of the bacterial populations on the treated article are compared with untreated articles either over designated time or they are compared to the initial bacterial population at “zero time” for the treated article to measure antibacterial properties.1.2 This test method is used for measuring the quantitative antibacterial activity of porous materials that have been treated with a biocide to inhibit the growth of bacteria on the treated materials. This method may also be used to measure the ability of the treated material to inhibit the growth of a microorganism. It can measure both bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity.1.3 This test method shall be performed by individuals experienced and adept in microbiological procedures and in facilities suitable for the handling of the microorganisms under test.1.4 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Resin Identification Codes are used solely to identify the plastic resin used in a manufactured article. The intended manufactured articles include, but are not limited to, packaging.4.1.1 Fig. 1 and Table 1 present the appropriate information on the way the RIC is to be incorporated onto the product and the available resin identification designations.FIG. 1 Example of a Resin Identification Marker4.2 Resin Identification Codes are not “recycle codes.” The Resin Identification Code is, though, an aid to recycling. The use of a Resin Identification Code on a manufactured plastic article does not imply that the article is recycled or that there are systems in place to effectively process the article for reclamation or re-use. The term “recyclable” or other environmental claims shall not be placed in proximity to the Code.4.3 This practice is based upon the system developed in 1988 by the Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc (SPI). It is possible that some states or countries will have incorporated the original SPI practice into statute or regulation. In those situations, that statute or regulation takes precedence over this standard.4.4 This practice shall only apply to new tooling. Existing molds that already incorporate older versions of the SPI RIC may be modified, but modification is not required.4.5 Assign number for manufactured items, not for adhesives or coatings. Do not code labels for resin of the label.4.6 Section 6 addresses the process to add new numbers to the Resin Identification Code.1.1 This practice stipulates the types, names, and sizes of Codes for those material types specified in Table 1.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are likely not to be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems is likely to result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1. Scope 1.1 This Standard specifies the requirements for zinc coating (galvanizing) by the hot-dipping process on iron and steel products made from rolled, pressed, or forged shapes such as structural sections, plates, bars, pipes, or sheets 1 mm thi

定价： 364元 / 折扣价： 310 元

4.1 This test method may be used for material development, quality control, characterization, and design data generation purposes.4.2 This test method determines the maximum loading on a graphite specimen with simple beam geometry in 4-point bending, and it provides a means for the calculation of flexural strength at ambient temperature and environmental conditions.AbstractThis test method details the standard procedures for determining the flexural strength of manufactured carbon and graphite articles using a simple beam in four-point loading at room temperature. The four-point loading fixture shall consist of spherical bearing blocks of hardened steel or its equivalent to ensure that forces applied to the beam are normal only and without eccentricity, and distortion of the loading member is prevented. Judicious use of linkages, rocker bearings, and flexure plates may maintain the parallel direction of loads and reactions. The test specimens shall be prepared to yield a parallelepiped with cross sections that are rectangular, faces that are parallel and flat, and edges that are free from visible flaws and chips.1.1 This test method covers determination of the flexural strength of manufactured carbon and graphite articles using a simple beam in four-point loading at room temperature.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 This test method provides a standard method for determining the weight [mass] of aluminum coatings on iron or steel products, and for evaluating conformance of such products to a material specification under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A05 and its subcommittees as designated by a purchaser in a purchase order or contract.3.1.1 This test method may be and is used by other ASTM Committees and other standards writing bodies for the purpose of conformance testing.3.1.2 The material condition at the time of testing, sampling frequency, specimen location and orientation, reporting requirements, and other test parameters are contained in the pertinent material specification or in a general requirement specification for the particular product form.3.1.3 A coating of aluminum on iron or steel articles provides protection against corrosion by forming a relatively inert barrier. Specifications for aluminum-coated articles frequently provide for different designations or classes of coating so that the purchaser can select the coating weight [mass] most suitable for the intended application. The heavier coating will provide greater protection against mechanical damage which may break the coating.3.2 This test method determines the average coating weight [mass] over a specified area, from which the average thickness can be calculated. Other test methods not described herein can determine the thickness directly at point locations on the coating; in such cases, the required test method is described in that material specification or by reference to another appropriate test method standard.1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the weight [mass] of coating on aluminum-coated iron or steel sheets and wire, and on other aluminum-coated iron and steel articles.1.2 Units—The final results determined by this test method shall be expressed in inch-pound units or SI units, depending on the units used in the material specification to which the results are to be compared. Certain portions of the procedure involving determination of specimen weight [mass] have traditionally been performed in SI units, and corresponding inch-pound units are not included.1.3 For sheet products, the final results are expressed as either coating weight [mass] total both sides, or coating weight [mass] separately on each side, depending on the specified requirements.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see Note 1.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 This test method provides a framework for material development, quality control, characterization, and design data generation purposes. The user needs to assess the applicability of the method on the specific material and for the intended use, as shown by the interlaboratory study.4.2 This test method determines the maximum loading on a graphite specimen with simple beam geometry in three–point bending, and it provides a means for the calculation of flexural strength at ambient temperature and environmental conditions.4.3 The flexure stress is computed based on simple beam theory with assumptions that the material is isotropic and homogeneous, the moduli of elasticity in tension and compression are identical, and the material is linearly elastic. For materials with large grains, the minimum specimen dimension should be significantly larger than the maximum grain size (see Guide D7775).4.4 Flexural strength of a group of test specimens is influenced by several parameters associated with the test procedure. Such factors include the loading rate, test environment, specimen size, specimen preparation, and test fixtures. Specimen sizes and fixtures should be chosen to reduce errors due to material variability or testing parameters, such as friction and non-parallelism of specimen surfaces.4.5 The flexural strength of a manufactured graphite or carbon material is dependent on both its inherent resistance to fracture and the size and severity of flaws. Variations in these cause a natural scatter in test results for a sample of test specimens. Fractographic analysis of fracture surfaces, although beyond the scope of this standard, is highly recommended for all purposes, especially if the data will be used for design as discussed in Practices C1239 and C1322.4.6 The three-point test configuration exposes only a very small portion of the specimen to the maximum stress. Therefore, three-point flexural strengths are likely to be much greater than four-point flexural strengths. Three-point flexure has some advantages. It uses simpler test fixtures, allowing small specimen testing and fracture toughness measurements. However, four-point flexure is preferred and recommended for most characterization purposes.1.1 This test method covers determination of the flexural strength of manufactured carbon and graphite articles using a square, rectangular or cylindrical beam in three-point loading at room temperature.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

2.1 When an article is to be electroplated, it is necessary to consider not only the characteristics of the electroplating process, but also the design of the part to minimize electroplating and finishing costs and solution dragout as well as to improve appearance and functionality. It is often possible during the design and engineering stages to make small adjustments in shape that will result in considerable benefit toward a better quality part at a lower cost.2.2 The specific property of an electroplating process that would require some attention to the details of optional designs, is the throwing power of the electroplating solution. This term describes the properties of the solution as it relates to the solution electrical resistance and solution capacitance at the cathode and overall efficiency of the electrolyte system. Throwing power is defined as the improvement of the coating distribution over the primary current distribution on an electrode (usually cathode) in a given solution, under specified conditions.1.1 This practice covers design information for parts to be electroplated on racks. The recommendations contained herein are not mandatory, but are intended to give guidance toward good practice.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车