定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元 加购物车

定价： 78元 / 折扣价： 67 元 加购物车

定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrolyzable chlorine compounds in chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons (askarels). 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 8. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

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5.1 The stress-strain properties of unvulcanized rubber (either in a compound or in the raw state) are important to certain processing operations in the rubber industry. These unvulcanized rubber properties are frequently referred to as “green strength.”5.2 Green strength is determined primarily by the physical and chemical characteristics of polymers, such as molecular weight, tendency to crystallize, degree of branching, and so forth. It is also related to the compound formulation, particularly filler and plasticizer content, and the presence of peptizers. Green strength can be a good indication of processing behavior. It is a particularly important characteristic for all processing operations in which elongation predominates.5.3 Green strength is dependent on the test piece preparation, rate of extension, and test temperature. Therefore, a single-point method cannot be expected to give correlation between green strength and processing behavior over the whole range of processing conditions.1.1 This test method covers methods to evaluate a characteristic of raw rubber or unvulcanized rubber compounds that is designated as green strength. This special strength property for uncured rubbers is an important processing performance attribute in rubber product manufacturing.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide a logical, tiered approach in the development of environmental health criteria coincident with level and effort in the research, development, testing, and evaluation of new materials for military use. Various levels of uncertainty are associated with data collected from previous stages. Following the recommendation in the guide should reduce the relative uncertainty of the data collected at each developmental stage. At each stage, a general weight of evidence qualifier shall accompany each exposure/effect relationship. They may be simple (for example, low, medium, or high confidence) or sophisticated using a numerical value for each predictor as a multiplier to ascertain relative confidence in each step of risk characterization. The specific method used will depend on the stage of development, quantity and availability of data, variation in the measurement, and general knowledge of the dataset. Since specific formulations, conditions, and use scenarios may not be known until the later stages, exposure estimates can be determined when practical (for example, Engineering and Manufacturing Development; see 6.6). Exposure data can then be used with other toxicological data collected from previous stages in a quantitative risk assessment to determine the relative degree of hazard.5.2 Data developed from the use of this guide are designed to be consistent with criteria required in weapons and weapons system development (for example, programmatic environment, safety and occupational health evaluations, environmental assessments/environmental impact statements, toxicity clearances, and technical data sheets).5.3 Information shall be evaluated in a flexible manner consistent with the needs of the authorizing program. This requires proper characterization of the current problem. For example, compounds may be ranked relative to the environmental criteria of the prospective alternatives, the replacement compound, and within bounds of absolute environmental values. A weight of evidence (evaluation of uncertainty and variability) must also be considered with each criterion at each stage to allow for a proper assessment of the potential for adverse environmental or occupational effects; see 6.8.5.4 This standard approach requires environment, safety, and occupational health (ESOH) technical experts to determine the magnitude of the hazard and system engineers/researchers to evaluate the acceptability of the risk. Generally, the higher developmental stages require a higher managerial level of approval.1.1 This guide is intended to determine the relative environmental influence of new substances, consistent with the research and development (R&D) level of effort and is intended to be applied in a logical, tiered manner that parallels both the available funding and the stage of research, development, testing, and evaluation. Specifically, conservative assumptions, relationships, and models are recommended early in the research stage, and as the technology is matured, empirical data will be developed and used. Munition constituents are included and may include propellants, oxidizers, explosives, binders, stabilizers, metals, dyes, and other compounds used in the formulation to produce a desired effect. Munition systems range from projectiles, grenades, rockets/missiles, training simulators, to smokes and obscurants. Given the complexity of issues involved in the assessment of environmental fate and effects and the diversity of the systems used, this guide is broad in scope and not intended to address every factor that may be important in an environmental context. Rather, it is intended to reduce uncertainty at minimal cost by considering the most important factors related to human health and environmental impacts of energetic materials. This guide provides an outline for collecting data useful in a relative ranking procedure to provide the systems scientist with a sound basis for prospectively determining a selection of candidates based on environmental and human health criteria. The general principles in this guide are applicable to substances other than energetics if intended to be used in a similar manner with similar exposure profiles.1.2 The scope of this guide includes:1.2.1 Energetic and other new/novel materials and compositions in all stages of research, development, test and evaluation.1.2.2 Environmental assessment, including:1.2.2.1 Human and ecological effects of the unexploded energetics and compositions on the environment.1.2.2.2 Environmental transport mechanisms of the unexploded energetics and composition.1.2.2.3 Degradation and bioaccumulation properties.1.2.3 Occupational health impacts from manufacture and use of the energetic substances and compositions to include load, assembly, and packing of the related munitions.1.3 Given the wide array of applications, the methods in this guide are not prescriptive. They are intended to provide flexible, general methods that can be used to evaluate factors important in determining environmental consequences from use of new substances in weapon systems and platforms.1.4 Factors that affect the health of humans as well as the environment are considered early in the development process. Since some of these data are valuable in determining health effects from generalized exposure, effects from occupational exposures are also included.1.5 This guide does not address all processes and factors important to the fate, transport, and potential for effects in every system. It is intended to be balanced effort between scientific and practical means to evaluate the relative environmental effects of munition compounds resulting from intended use. It is the responsibility of the user to assess data quality as well as sufficiently characterize the scope and magnitude of uncertainty associated with any application of this standard.1.6 Integration of disparate information and data streams developed from using the methods described in this guide is challenging and may not be straight-forward. Professional assistance from subject matter experts familiar with the fields of toxicology and risk assessment is advised.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

Single Test Cord— Adhesive treating of cords singly or adhesive treating individual ends simultaneously (referred to as “multi-cord treating” as opposed to “fabric treating”) and winding the cords as single ends is the most common laboratory method of preparing reinforcement materials for evaluation in reinforced rubber articles such as tires, belts, and hoses. This system of adhesive treating facilitates the study of a large number of adhesion variables at minimum cost. This test method provides a good comparison of variables on adhesion because it produces both an average numerical value of peel force over several linear centimetres of cord and provides convenient specimens for assessing appearance (see 11.3) of the peeled area as well. It may be used for purchase specification requirements for adhesive treated cords, steel tire cord, adhesives, rubber compounds, or manufacturing control of such products. Preparation of weftless fabric from single cord is not recommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of tire cord fabric because single cords of long length cannot be conveniently obtained from fabric for drumwinding. See 5.2.2. This test method is usually not preferred for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of adhesive treated cord, such as single end cord for hose. The more usual and convenient method for acceptance testing of such single cords is to prepare from a shipment a test piece or article in the same manner as the commercial article to be produced and to test cord-adhesion characteristics in this piece in a manner that compares its adhesion characteristics against a previously established, acceptable control. “H” and“ U” tests (Test Methods ) provide convenient and rapid adhesion results for acceptance testing of textile cords if needed. For steel cord, Test Method D2229 provides convenient and rapid adhesion results. Using Woven Fabric—The woven fabric method of 4.2-4.4 is often chosen for rapid adhesion testing of textile woven fabric being adhesive treated in large volume. Fabric is tested “as is” and, through experience, constitutes a valuable process control tool. The same basic test can be conveniently executed by the receiving customer for process control purposes by sampling rubberized fabric from that to be processed into finished rubber articles. This test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of adhesive treated fabric, but duplicate numerical values for peel force and appearance are not to be expected between two testing locations. Rubber compound differences are only one of many parameters affecting peel force and appearance. Nevertheless, the expected range of values which characterize acceptable adhesion can be determined in any cord-rubber combination with experience. For this reason, the buyer normally establishes a minimum level of adhesion to be obtained by the seller in the seller's laboratory using either the seller's standard rubber compound or the buyer's rubber compound on the fabric made to the buyer's specification. In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D4393 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical help is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing began. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.1.1 This test method covers the determination of peel adhesion of reinforcing fabrics that are bonded to rubber compounds. It is applicable to either woven or parallel cord textile structures from both natural and manmade fibers and to parallel steel cord structures. 1.2 This test method is primarily used to evaluate tire cords and tire cord fabrics, including steel tire cords, using a suitable tire cord adhesive and a suitable rubber compound. This test method may be used to evaluate tire cord adhesives (fabric dip), metallic (usually brass) coatings on steel cord, and the process of adhesive reaction on the cord using one consistent form of tire cord or fabric and one consistent rubber compound. This test method may be used to evaluate cords and fabrics in industrial hose and belting products and other cord or fabric reinforced rubber products. 1.3 Variables that may contribute to differences in results of this test method include adhesive type, adhesive application procedure, adhesive cure, fiber type, construction of cords or reinforcing fabrics, rubber type, rubber cure, rubber thickness, and cord spacing. 1.3.1 The deleterious effect of ozone in combination with atmospheric moisture on the ability of adhesives to bond with rubber requires assiduous protection of cords prior to rubber embedment. 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 This practice is intended for the collection of settled dust samples for the subsequent measurement of beryllium and compounds. The practice is meant for use in the collection of settled dust samples that are of interest in clearance, hazard evaluation, risk assessment, and other purposes.5.2 This practice is intended solely for the collection of settled dust samples from hard, relatively smooth nonporous surfaces that may be compromised by water or other wetting agents and that are therefore not suitable for wet wipe sampling using Practice D6966 or micro-vacuum sampling using Practice D7144. Use of this practice for any purpose other than the intended purpose is discouraged due to the limited collection efficiency and high variability of dry wipe sampling as compared to wetted wipe or micro-vacuum sampling.35.3 This practice is less effective for collecting settled dust samples from surfaces with substantial texture such as rough concrete, brickwork, textured ceilings, and soft fibrous surfaces such as upholstery and carpeting. Micro-vacuum sampling using Practice D7144 may be more suitable for these surfaces.1.1 This practice covers the collection of settled dust containing beryllium and beryllium compounds on surfaces using the dry wipe sampling method, or both. These samples are collected in a manner that will permit subsequent extraction and determination of beryllium and compounds in the wipes using laboratory analysis techniques such as atomic spectrometry or fluorescence detection.1.2 This practice is limited in its scope to applications where wetted wipe sampling (using Practice D6966) or vacuum sampling (using Practice D7144) is not physically feasible (for example, if the surface to be wiped would be compromised by use of wetted wipes).1.3 This practice does not address the sampling design criteria (that is, sampling plan which includes the number and location of samples) that are used for clearance, hazard evaluation, risk assessment, and other purposes. To provide for valid conclusions, sufficient numbers of samples should be obtained as directed by a sampling plan. Additional guidance is provided in Guide D7659.1.4 This practice contains notes that are explanatory and are not part of the mandatory requirements of this practice.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method describes a laboratory method for determining the degree of set of face glazing or bedding compounds, or both, when used on any metal sash. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 The rate of extrusion determined by this test may be correlated with the rate of gunning of the compound.1.1 This test method describes the laboratory procedure for determining the rate of extrusion of oil- and resin-base caulking compounds.1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.1.3 The subcommittee with jurisdiction is not aware of any similar ISO standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers rigid plastic compounds intended for use in making nonpressure piping products composed of (1) poly(vinyl chloride) polymer, (2) chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) polymer, or (3) vinyl chloride copolymers, and the necessary compound ingredients. The compounding ingredients may consist of lubricants; stabilizers; nonpoly(vinyl chloride) resin modifiers; colorants or pigments, or both; fibrous or nonfibrous reinforcements; or fillers. The requirements in this specification are intended for the quality control of compounds used to manufacture pipe or fittings intended for nonpressure use. Materials shall be classified according to cell limits: Cell Class 0; Cell Class 1; Cell Class 2; Cell Class 3; Cell Class 4; Cell Class 5; Cell Class 6; Cell Class 7; and Cell Class 8. Conditioning; test conditions; tensile strength and modulus of elasticity; deflection temperature; and impact resistance tests shall be performed to meet the requirements specified.1.1 This specification covers the classification and identification of rigid plastic compounds intended for use in making nonpressure piping products composed of (1) poly(vinyl chloride) polymer, (2) chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) polymer, or (3) vinyl chloride copolymers, and the necessary compound ingredients. Compounding ingredients consist of lubricants; stabilizers; non-poly(vinyl chloride) resin modifiers; colorants or pigments, or both; fibrous or nonfibrous reinforcements; or fillers.1.2 The requirements in this specification are intended for the quality control of compounds used to manufacture pipe or fittings intended for nonpressure use. Specific properties are not directly applicable to finished products. When specified in a product or application standard, the series of classification properties in this standard form a basis for a material specification. See the applicable ASTM standards or requirements for finished products.1.3 In special cases, specific compounds for unusual piping applications that require consideration of other properties not covered in this specification, such as service temperature, sag resistance, special chemical resistance, weather resistance, bending forces, and electrical properties, shall be considered.1.4 Rigid PVC-type compounds for building applications other than piping are covered in Specification D4216.1.5 Rigid PVC compounds for general purpose extrusion, molding, fitting, and pipe are covered in Specification D1784.1.6 The rate of burning test, Test Method D635, is used in this specification as a test for identification of certain properties of the compound.1.7 It is acceptable for rigid PVC and CPVC recycle plastics meeting the requirements of this specification to be used in some applications. Refer to the specific requirements in the Material and Manufacture section of the applicable product standard.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.9 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 10, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification deals with the classification, requirements, and testing of compression molding, thermosetting, unsaturated polyester molding compounds. Covered here are the following types of polyester molding compounds: Type 1 - general-purpose granular materials with mineral fillers; Type 2 - general-purpose granular materials with mineral and cellulosic fillers, and having improved mechanical strength; Type 3 - general-purpose putty-type materials with mineral fillers; Type 4 - putty-type materials with mineral fillers and having superior electrical properties; Type 5 - high-impact glass-fiber filled materials in mat form, and has good electrical properties; and Type 6 - high-impact glass-fiber filled materials in putty form. Sampled specimens shall be tested and conform accordingly to material requirements such as specific gravity, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity in flexure, Izod impact resistance, arc resistance, and water absorption.1.1 This specification covers compression molding, thermosetting, unsaturated polyester molding compounds as further defined in 3.1.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.NOTE 1: The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the types of molding compounds covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics. These will be added to the specification as their inclusion becomes generally desirable and the necessary test data and methods become available.NOTE 2: ISO 3672–1: 1979(E) is similar but not equivalent to this specification. Product classification and characterization are not equivalent.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

Heat generated by a reacting liquid encapsulating compound has the potential to cause damage to heat-sensitive electronic components. Degradation of the encapsulating compound has the potential to also occur at high temperatures. Proper selection of an encapsulating compound includes knowledge of its exothermic temperature to preclude damage to components.Since the exothermic temperature of a reacting encapsulating compound varies with the volume and geometry of material, it is essential that the volume and geometry be specified in any determination. Select the appropriate volume and geometry. The exothermic temperature is measured in sufficiently precise and reproducible form to allow for application evaluation, quality control, and encapsulating compound characterization.Exothermic temperature rise of two different volumes of the same material using the same geometry indicates the effect of volume. Materials may be compared by testing equal volumes of each material using the same geometry.1.1 This test method provides results that are related to the maximum temperature reached in a specific volume by a reacting liquid encapsulating compound, and the time from initial mixing to the time when this peak exothermic temperature is reached.1.2 This test method provides a means to measure the peak exothermic temperature of an encapsulating compound.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 8.Note 1There is no equivalent IEC standard.

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This specification provides for the identification of three types of allyl molding compounds, based on the general type of filler employed in their manufacture: Type I - High-strength materials, glass-fiber reinforced; Type II - General-purpose mineral filled; and Type III - General-purpose synthetic fiber filler. Types I and II may be subdivided into four classes according to resin composition and use as follows: Class A - Diallyl ortho-phthalate resin, nonflame-retardant; Class B - Diallyl ortho-phthalate resin, flame-retardant; Class C - Diallyl meta-phthalate resin nonflame-retardant; and Class D - Diallyl meta-phthalate resin, flame-retardant. Materials shall be compression molded, conditioned, and tested; and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of impact resistance, flexural strength, permittivity and dissipation factor, insulation resistance, flame resistance, and oxygen index.1.1 This specification covers compression molding, thermosetting, allyl compounds as further defined in Section 4.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.NOTE 1: The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the molding compounds covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics. These will be added to the specification as their inclusion becomes generally desirable and the necessary test data and methods become available.NOTE 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 This practice shall be used for specific procedures used in preparing rubber compounds for quality control of production, for research and development purposes, and for comparison of different materials.1.1 This practice provides a listing of reference compounding materials required to prepare the rubber test compounds listed in succeeding methods and contains procedures for weighing. It also specifies the mixing equipment, general mixing procedures, vulcanization equipment and procedures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific warning statement, see 5.4.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车