定价： 665元 / 折扣价： 566 元

定价： 689元 / 折扣价： 586 元

定价： 689元 / 折扣价： 586 元

定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元 加购物车

定价： 1756元 / 折扣价： 1493 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元 加购物车

定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元 加购物车

定价： 553元 / 折扣价： 471 元 加购物车

4.1 The purpose of this classification is to identify potential concerns and effects which may occur during the life cycle (installation, service, removal, and disposal) of insulation materials and accessories resulting from direct contact or indirect action or events.4.2 This classification does not identify remedial or preventive steps that may be taken to correct potential problems or hazards; rather it is intended as a checklist that will make it easier to deal constructively with these potentials, and to determine what, if any, specific requirements need to be added to other standards concerning insulation materials or accessories. (See Appendix X2 for sources of information.)4.3 This classification recognizes that proper handling and installation procedures can substantially reduce the potential concerns and effects. Further, it recognizes that in some situations the presence or creation of potential effects or hazards results from an intervening act of human or natural origin, or depends on access to or contact with the materials or accessories. Lack of compatibility of the individual components of an insulation system with each other or the environmental conditions within which the system will operate, or both, may create unanticipated effects. (See Appendix X3.)1.1 This classification identifies potential concerns and effects that could result from direct contact with thermal insulation materials and accessories, or be caused by indirect action of events such as aging, fire, or physical disturbance.1.2 Intent of Classification: 1.2.1 It is the intent of this classification to alert others to potential concerns, effects, hazards, or risk.1.2.2 It is not the intent of this classification to establish the degree of risk or hazard or limiting values of potential hazards.1.2.3 It is not the intent of this classification to establish or recommend methods or markings to reduce or mitigate the potential; however, it is recognized that correct procedures and precautionary measures can substantially reduce or eliminate some of the potential concerns, effects, hazards, or risks.NOTE 1: See Appendix X1 for commentary.1.3 This classification recognizes the responsibility of producers and users, as appropriate, to: (1) provide information on known effects or hazards, (2) advise on established safety and health practices, and (3) determine applicable regulatory requirements.1.4 This classification does not address the health and safety concerns of thermal insulation materials and accessories during manufacture.1.5 Omission of an item from this classification does not imply an absence of potential concerns or effects.1.6 There is no importance in the order of listing.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

1.1 Purpose—The purpose of this guide is to describe a scientific methodology for conducting environmental health site assessments (EHSAs) for military deployments. EHSAs are prepared to evaluate potential environmental exposures that may impact the health of deployed personnel as directed by Presidential Review Directive 5; Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff memorandum MCM-0006-02; and Department of Defense Instruction 6490.3. This guide is intended to assist the user in developing conceptual site models (CSMs) for deployment sites. CSMs are used to define the exposure pathways. The exposure pathways assist in the evaluation of potential health impacts. The goal of this guide is to identify complete and potentially complete exposure pathways that may affect the health of deployed personnel.1.2 This guide provides a series of steps designed to obtain sufficient information to evaluate potential environmental exposures that may affect the health of deployed personnel. It is most applicable when only a limited amount of information about the deployment area is available. If it becomes apparent to the environmental health professional in predeployment planning activities that sufficient information exists to evaluate the health significance of potential environmental exposures, it will not be necessary to complete the data collection activities described in this process. In this event, the environmental health professional will document their justification for not completing the data collection activities. An obvious example would be deployment to a major city in a developed county.1.3 Information generated by this process will be used for environmental health risk assessments. Environmental health risk assessments are beyond the scope of this guide.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

3.1 This guide does not set specific performance or technical criteria, but recommends that companies set policies and objectives and develop procedures for managing their health and safety program. Companies should consider their unique organization, culture, and hazards on their vessels and the possible effects of their operations. The elements are intentionally flexible and may be tailored to address any size of operation or any vessel type. Note that although the standard is aimed at the shipboard occupational health and safety program, some of the elements address activities and commitments that must be completed or made by shore side personnel (for example, executive management commitment and provision of adequate resources). Key to the effectiveness of the program is the implementation of each element within an interconnected system.1.1 This guide covers the basic elements of a Shipboard Occupational Health and Safety Program (SOHSP). These elements are applicable to all vessel types including but not limited to tank vessels, dry bulk carriers, passenger vessels, roll-on roll-off vessels, ore bulk oilers, offshore supply vessels, tugboats, towboats, and barges. The elements described are fundamental pieces of a systematic occupational safety and health program and may be used by company line managers, health and safety personnel or consultants who are implementing, improving, or auditing the effectiveness of a shipboard health and safety program.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

定价： 689元 / 折扣价： 586 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide is intended to provide the conventions adopted by the International Standards Organization (ISO 7708), the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN EN 481), and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (1). The definition of respirable aerosol is the basis for recommended exposure levels (REL) of respirable coal mine dust as promulgated by NIOSH (Criteria for a Recommended Standard, Occupational Exposure to Respirable Coal Mine Dust (15)). The respirable aerosol definition also forms the basis of the NIOSH sampling method for respirable particulates not otherwise regulated (NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (16)).4.2 The convention can be used for those who are preparing to evaluate a workplace environment by collecting samples of aerosolized particles, or who wish to obtain an understanding of what information can be obtained by such sampling. The convention to be used is not always straightforward, but generally depends on what part of the respiratory system is affected by the aerosol particles. The conventions are often applied for approximating mass fractions, but they may also be used in the evaluation of total surface area or the number of particles in the collected material.4.3 The conventions constitute a part of the performance characteristics required of aerosol samplers for collecting aerosol according to the relevant health effects. This guide therefore does not specify particular samplers for measuring the aerosol fractions defined here. Detailed guidelines for evaluating any given sampler relative to the conventions are available (CEN EN 13205, six parts). Several advantages over instrument specification can be attributed to the adoption of these performance-associated conventions:4.3.1 The conventions have a recognized relationship to health effects.4.3.2 Performance criteria permit instrument designers to seek practical sampler improvements.4.3.3 Performance criteria promote continued experimental testing of the samplers in use with the result that the significant variables (such as wind speed, particle charge, and so forth) affecting sampler operation become understood.1.1 This guide defines conventions for personal samplers of specific particle-size-dependent fractions of any given non-fibrous airborne aerosol. Such samplers are used for assessing health effects and in the setting of and testing for compliance with permissible exposure limits in the workplace and ambient environment. The conventions have been adopted by the International Standards Organization (ISO 7708), the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN EN 481), and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (1).2 The conventions were developed (2) in part from health-effects studies reviewed (3) by the ACGIH and in part as a compromise between definitions proposed by the ACGIH (3) and by the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) (4). Conventions are given here for inhalable, thoracic, and respirable fractions.1.2 This guide is complementary to Test Method D4532, which describes the performance of respirable dust cyclones and operational procedures for use. The procedures, specifically the optimal flow rate, are still valid although the estimated accuracy differs somewhat from use with previous aerosol fraction definitions. Details on these instruments have been published (5-11).1.3 Limitations: 1.3.1 The definitions given here were adopted by the agencies listed in 1.1 in part on the basis of expected health effects of the different size fractions, but in part allowing for available sampling equipment. The original adoption by CEN was, in fact, for the eventual setting of common standards by the EC countries while permitting the use of a variety of instrumentation. Deviations of the sampling conventions from health-related effects are as follows:1.3.1.1 The inhalable fraction actually depends on the specific air speed and direction, on the breathing rate, and on whether breathing is by nose or mouth. The values given in the inhalable convention are for representative values of breathing rate and represent averages over all wind directions.1.3.1.2 The respirable and thoracic fractions vary from individual to individual and with the breathing pattern. The conventions are approximations to the average case.1.3.1.3 Each convention applies strictly to a fraction penetrating to a region, rather than depositing. Therefore, samples collected according to the conventions may only approximate correlations with biological effects. For example, the respirable convention overestimates the fraction of very small particles deposited in the alveolar region of the respiratory system because some of the particles are actually exhaled without being deposited (12). In many workplaces, these very small particles contribute insignificantly to the sampled mass. Furthermore, the large variability between individuals and the details of clearance may be as important as this type of effect.1.3.1.4 The thoracic convention applies to mouth breathing, for which aerosol collection is greater than during nose breathing.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车