定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

定价： 819元 / 折扣价： 697 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

5.1 The spiral contractometer, properly used, will give reproducible results (see 9.5) over a wide range of stress values. Internal stress limits with this method can be specified for use by both the purchaser and the producer of plated or electroformed parts.5.2 Plating with large tensile stresses will reduce the fatigue strength of a product made from high-strength steel. Maximum stress limits can be specified to minimize this. Other properties affected by stress include corrosion resistance, dimensional stability, cracking, and peeling.5.3 In control of electroforming solutions, the effects of stress are more widely recognized, and the control of stress is usually necessary to obtain a usable electroform. Internal stress limits can be determined and specified for production control.5.4 Internal stress values obtained by the spiral contractometer do not necessarily reflect the internal stress values found on a part plated in the same solution. Internal stress varies with many factors, such as coating thickness, preparation of substrate, current density, and temperature, as well as the solution composition. Closer correlation is achieved when the test conditions match those used to coat the part.1.1 This test method covers the use of the spiral contractometer for measuring the internal stress of metallic coatings as produced from plating solutions on a helical cathode. The test method can be used with electrolytic and autocatalytic deposits.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers seamless, internally enhanced copper tube, in straight lengths or coils, suitable for use in refrigeration and air-conditioning products or other heat exchangers. The material of manufacture shall be cast billet, bar, tube, or so forth of copper UNS No. C12200 and shall be of such purity and soundness as to be suitable for processing into the tubular product described. The tube shall be manufactured by such hot- and cold-working processes needed to produce a homogenous, uniform wrought structure in the finished product. The material shall conform to the chemical composition requirements specified. The grain size shall be determined in the wall beneath the ridges. The microstructure shall show complete recrystallization and shall have an average grain size within the limits specified. As-fabricated and O (annealed) temper tube shall conform to the mechanical properties specified. The specimens of annealed product shall withstand the specified expansion tested as specified. Each tube shall be subjected to an eddy-current test. Tubes shall be tested normally in the fabricated temper; however, they may be tested in the annealed temper at the option of the manufacturer.1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for seamless, internally enhanced copper tube, in straight lengths or coils, suitable for use in refrigeration and air-conditioning products or other heat exchangers.1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 Tubes for this application are manufactured from the following copper:Copper UNS No. Type of Metal   C12200 Phosphorized, high residual phosphorus (DHP)1.4 The following pertains to the test method described in 15.2.4 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 SGCs are used to produce asphalt mixture specimens in the laboratory to assess volumetric properties and predict pavement performance. In the fabrication of an SGC specimen in accordance with Test Method D6925, loose asphalt mixture is placed inside a metal mold, which is then placed into an SGC. A constant consolidation pressure is applied to the sample while the mold gyrates at a nominally constant angle (referred to as the internal angle of gyration) and rate. Consistency in the density of the asphalt specimens produced as measured by Test Method D2726/D2726M or D6752/D6752M is very important to the validity of the tests performed. Specimens of a consistent density are produced when an SGC maintains a constant pressure and a known constant internal angle of gyration during the compaction process.5.2 There are several manufacturers and models of SGC. Each model employs a unique method of setting, inducing, and maintaining the internal angle of gyration. Each model also employs a unique calibration system to measure the external angle of gyration. These existing calibration systems cannot be used universally on all of the different SGC models commercially available. Inconsistencies in asphalt specimens produced on different SGC models have been at least partially attributed to variations in the angle of gyration.5.3 This method describes instruments and processes that can be used to independently measure the internal angle of gyration of any manufacturer’s SGC model under simulated loading conditions. The external shape of the instrument chassis ensures that the points of physical contact between the mold end plates and the instrument occur at a fixed and known distance away from the axis of gyration. As a result, the vertical load is applied at these fixed points, creating tilting moments at each end of the mold.5.4 Unless otherwise specified, a tilting moment of 466.5 N-m shall be applied to the SGC by the instrument while making this measurement.NOTE 1: The quality of the results produced by this test method are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this test method are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.NOTE 2: A 466.5 N-m tilting moment corresponds to a 22 mm eccentric on the AFLS1 or a 21° cone angle on the DAVII-HMS with an applied load of 10603 N (600 kPa at a 150 mm diameter specimen setting).1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the measurement of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor (SGC) internal angle of gyration using an instrument capable of simulating loading conditions similar to those created by an asphalt mixture specimen.1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. The value given in rotations per minute is provided for information regarding commonly used units.1.2.1 IEEE/ASTM SI 10, American National Standard for Metric Practice, offers guidance where use of decimal degrees for plane angles (versus radians) and revolutions per minute for rate of gyration (versus radians per second) is acceptable within the IEEE/ASTM SI 10 system when used on a minimal basis.1.3 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The methane number (MN) is a measure of the resistance of the gaseous fuel to autoignition (knock) when used in an internal combustion engine. The relative merits of gaseous fuels from different sources and having different compositions can be compared readily on the basis of their methane numbers. Therefore, the calculated methane number (MNC) is used as a parameter for determining the suitability of a gaseous fuel for internal combustion engines in both mobile and stationary applications.1.1 This practice covers the method to determine the calculated methane number (MNC) of a gaseous fuel used in internal combustion engines. The basis for the method is a dynamic link library (DLL) suitable for running on computers with Microsoft Windows operating systems.1.2 This practice pertains to commercially available natural gas products that have been processed and are suitable for use in internal combustion engines. These fuels can be from traditional geological or renewable sources and include pipeline gas, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and renewable natural gas as defined in Section 3.1.3 The calculation method within this practice is based on the MWM Method as defined in EN 16726, Annex A.2 The calculation method is an optimization algorithm that uses varying sequences of ternary and binary gas component tables generated from the composition of a gaseous fuel sample.3 Both the source code and a Microsoft Excel-based calculator are available for this method.1.4 This calculation method applies to gaseous fuels comprising of hydrocarbons from methane to hexane and greater (C6+); carbon monoxide; hydrogen; hydrogen sulfide; nitrogen; and carbon dioxide. The calculation method addresses pentanes (C5) and higher hydrocarbons and limits the individual volume fraction of C5 and C6+ to 3 % each and a combined total of 5 %. (See EN 16726, Annex A.) The calculation method is performed on a dry, oxygen-free basis.1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Other units of measurement included in this standard are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

CSA Preface This is the third edition of CAN/CSA-C108.4, Vehicles, boats, and internal combustion engine driven devices - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of receivers except those installed in th

定价： 1547元 / 折扣价： 1315 元

This specification establishes the requirements for welded, internally enhanced copper tube, in straight lengths or coils, suitable for use in refrigeration and air conditioning products or other heat exchangers. The following types of welded tubes are: as-welded and welded tube, subsequently annealed. The material of manufacture shall be sheet or strip, of the required alloy, and may be either cold worked or annealed. The welded tube shall be manufactured from either cold rolled or annealed sheet or strip. The sheet or strip shall be formed into a tubular shape on a suitable forming mill. The material shall conform to the chemical requirements specified. The microstructure shall show complete recrystallization and shall have an average grain size within the limits specified. Nondestructive examination, electromagnetic test, cleanness requirements, and cuprous oxide requirement shall be made to conform to the specified requirements.1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for welded, internally enhanced copper tube, in straight lengths or coils, suitable for use in refrigeration and air conditioning products or other heat exchangers.1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 The product shall be produced of the following coppers. Unless otherwise specified, tubes made from any one of these coppers may be supplied:Copper UNS No. Type of Metal   C10200 Oxygen-free without residual deoxidantsC12200 Phosphorized, high residual phosphorus (DHP)1.4 The following pertains to the test method described in 18.5 of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Dangerous goods (hazardous materials) regulations require performance tests to be conducted on packaging designs before being authorized for use. The regulations do not include standardized procedures for conducting performance tests and, because of this, may result in a non-uniform approach and differences in test results between testing facilities.4.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide guidance and to establish a set of common practices for conducting internal pressure tests on packagings subjected to UN certification testing or packagings required to meet pressure capability requirements.4.3 This guide provides additional information not in the regulations that will facilitate consistent testing. The information and guidance provided here are intended to meet or exceed the minimum regulatory requirements. For more information on the UN certification requirements, refer to Guide D4919. For pressure testing of IBC design types, reference Guide D8134.1.1 This guide is intended to provide a standardized method and a set of basic instructions for performing internal and hydrostatic pressure testing on packaging designs intended for shipping liquids in accordance with the United States Department of Transportation Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN).1.2 This guide provides information to help clarify various terms used as part of the United Nations (UN) certification process that may assist in determining the applicable test.1.3 This guide provides the suggested minimum information that should be documented when conducting pressure testing.1.4 This guide provides information for recommended equipment and fittings for conducting pressure tests.1.5 This guide is based on the current information contained in 49 CFR, §173.27 and §178.605.1.6 When testing packaging designs intended for hazardous materials (dangerous goods), the user of this guide shall be trained in accordance with 49 CFR §172.700 and other applicable hazardous materials regulations such as the ICAO Technical Instructions, IMDG Code, and carrier rules such as the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 These test methods provide a rapid means of evaluating tendencies for package failure when the package is exposed to a pressure differential. Pressure differentials may occur during processes such as sterilization and transportation.5.2 These test methods are frequently used to quickly evaluate packages during the manufacturing process and at various stages of the package's life cycle.5.3 If correlations between pieces of test equipment are to be made, it is important that all parameters of the test method be exactly the same. Typical parameters may include, but are not limited to, package size, material, seal configuration, test equipment, rate of air flow into the package, sensitivity (machine response to pressure drop), and position of test article (see Fig. 1).FIG. 1 Open Package Test Positions5.4 These test methods do not necessarily provide correlation with actual package seal strength as typically measured using Test Method F88 (or equivalent).1.1 These test methods explain the procedure for determining the ability of packages to withstand internal pressurization.1.2 The burst test increasingly pressurizes the package until the package fails.1.3 The creep test maintains a specified pressure for a specified time or until the package fails.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method is used to evaluate an automotive engine oil's control of engine deposits under operating conditions deliberately selected to accelerate deposit formation. This test method was correlated with field service data, determined from side-by-side comparisons of two or more oils in police, taxi fleets, and delivery van services. The same field service oils were then used in developing the operating conditions of this test procedure.FIG. 1 Schematic of Engine Fuel System5.2 This test method, along with other test methods, defines the minimum performance level of the API Category SL (detailed information about this category is included in Specification D4485). This test method is also incorporated in automobile manufacturers' factory-fill specifications.5.3 The basic engine used in this test method is representative of many that are in modern automobiles. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, should be considered when interpreting test results.1.1 This test method covers and is commonly referred to as the Sequence VG test,2 and it has been correlated with vehicles used in stop-and-go service prior to 1996, particularly with regard to sludge and varnish formation.3 It is one of the test methods required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy the API SL performance category.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, or specified single source equipment.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 7.7, 7.10.2.2, 8.3.4.2, 8.4.4.3, 9.2.6, 9.3.4.5, 12.1.1.7, 12.2.1.4, and Annex A5.1.4 A Table of Contents follows:  Section 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4 5Apparatus (General Description) 6Apparatus (The Test Engine) 7  Sequence VG Test Engine 7.1  Required New Engine Parts 7.2  Reusable Engine Parts 7.3  Specially Fabricated Engine Parts 7.4  Special Engine Measurement and Assembly Equipment 7.5  Miscellaneous Engine Components-Preparation 7.6  Solvents and Cleaners Required 7.7  Assembling the Test Engine-Preparations 7.8  Assembling the Test Engine-Installations 7.9  Engine Installation on the Test Stand 7.10Engine Fluids (Supply/Discharge Systems) 8  Intake Air 8.1  Fuel and Fuel System 8.2  Engine Oil and Engine Oil System 8.3  Coolants 8.4Measurement Instrumentation 9  Temperatures 9.1  Pressures 9.2  Flow Rates 9.3  Fuel Consumption 9.4  Speed and Load 9.5  Exhaust Gas 9.6  Humidity 9.7Miscellaneous Laboratory Equipment 10Test Stand Calibration 11Test Procedure 12  Pre-Test Procedure 12.1  Engine Operating Procedure 12.2  Periodic Measurements and Functions 12.3  Special Maintenance Procedures 12.4  Diagnostic Data Review 12.5  End of Test Procedure 12.6Interpretation of Test Results 13  Parts Rating Area-Environment 13.1  Sludge Ratings 13.2  Varnish Ratings 13.3  Clogging 13.4  Sticking 13.5  Used Oil Analyses 13.6Assessment of Test Validity 14  General 14.1  Used Oil Analyses-Interpretation 14.2  Blowby Flow Rate 14.3  Manifold Absolute Pressure 14.4  Fuel Consumption Rate 14.5  Oil Consumption 14.6  Engine Parts Replacement 14.7  Quality Index and Deviation Percentage 14.8Final Test Report 15  Report Forms 15.1Precision and Bias 16Keywords 17ANNEXES    ASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization Annex A1  ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2  ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3  ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4  Safety Precautions Annex A5  Control and Data Acquisition Requirements Annex A6  Detailed Specifications and Photographs of Apparatus Annex A7  Special Service Tools for the Test Engine Annex A8  Test Engine Part Number Listing Annex A9  External Oil Heat Exchanger Cleaning Technique Annex A10  Sequence VG Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A11  Dipstick Calibration Annex A12  Critical Part Supplier List Annex A13  Operational Data Log-Engine Oil Annex A14  Rating Worksheets Annex A15  Fuel Injector Flow Measurements Annex A16APPENDIXES    Piston and Ring Measurements Record Forms Appendix X1  Sources of Materials and Information Appendix X2  Description of Scott Quarterly Gas Audit Service Appendix X31.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 983元 / 折扣价： 836 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregate intended to provide water for internal curing of concrete. It includes test methods for determining the absorption and desorption properties of lightweight aggregate.NOTE 1: Internal curing provides an additional source of water to sustain hydration and substantially reduce the early-age autogenous shrinkage and self-desiccation that can be significant contributors to early-age cracking. Appendix X1 provides guidance on calculating the quantity of lightweight aggregate for internal curing.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.NOTE 2: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This practice is for use by designers and specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, contractors, and inspection organizations who are involved in rehabilitation of pressurized piping systems.1.1 This standard is intended to establish the minimum criteria necessary for use of a mechanically mixed, blended, epoxy barrier coating (AWWA Class I) that is applied to the interior of 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) to 36 in. (914.4 mm) metallic pipe or tube used in pressurized piping systems for corrosion protection and to improve flow rates. There is no restriction as to the developed length of the piping system other than the method of application (“blow through”, spin cast or hand sprayed) and the characteristics of the epoxy coating being applied but the manufacturer’s engineer shall be consulted for any limitations associated with this product, process and its application for the end user.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车