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ASTM D7831-20 Standard Practice for Sampling of Tanks by Field Personnel Active 发布日期 :  1970-01-01 实施日期 : 

5.1 This practice is intended to assist field personnel in obtaining samples from tanks for laboratory analysis. The cost associated with sampling and analysis, along with other reasons, make it essential that samples be taken correctly before submitting them for chemical analysis, physical testing, or both. Incorrect sampling can invalidate resulting data.5.2 This practice provides guidance in choosing the sampling technique and equipment suitable for specific situations. It is recommended that this guide be used as a supplement to a written field sampling plan.5.3 The procedures for sampling tanks using a COLIWASA, liquid profiler sampler, bacon bomb sampler, and peristaltic pump and tubing are delineated.1.1 This practice covers information for field personnel to follow in order to collect samples from tanks.1.2 The purpose of this practice is to help field personnel in planning and obtaining samples from vertical and horizontal tanks, open-topped rectangular/square tanks, railroad and truck tankers, vacuum trucks, and tanks with multiple compartments using equipment and techniques that will assist in meeting the sampling objectives.1.3 The practice is applicable to hazardous materials, products, raw materials, by-product, or waste.1.4 Sampling from circulating pump discharge valves and tank transfer lines is not addressed in this practice.1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This guide summarizes the typical contents of a course to aid emergency response team training organizations in selecting important subjects for inclusion in existing or new training programs.1.1 This guide covers a format for a hazardous materials spill initial response team training curriculum. This guide is designed to assist trainers of initial response personnel in assessing the content of training curriculum by providing guidelines for subject content against which these curricula may be evaluated. The guide should be tailored by the trainer to fit specific circumstances that are present in the community or industry where a spill may occur.1.2 Sections 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 of this guide identify those training areas that should be considered in a curriculum. The area of preplanning is listed and this topic should be seriously considered by the user. Training is only a small part of an overall spill response contingency plan. A properly equipped and trained spill response team cannot operate without a previously agreed plan of attack.1.3 Currently the U.S. Code of Federal Regulation 29 CFR 1910.120, 40 CFR 112 Subpart B, 40 CFR 264 Subpart D, 40 CFR 265 Subpart D, and 49 CFR 172 Subpart H specify that producers, handlers, and shippers of hazardous materials shall plan and train for hazardous spill response. Additional training may be required for shipments by vessel (49 CFR 176.13) and highway (49 CFR 177.800). Regardless of the above regulatory requirements, training is essential to a proper response in an emergency.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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12.1 The use of these acceptance tests will insure that organizations buying portable heaters will be assured the heaters meet certain performance requirements.AbstractThis specification is used to standardize the portable water heaters used on personnel decontamination lines to insure the heaters provide sufficient heated water for as long as they are needed during the emergency. The heater materials of construction shall be easily cleaned of surface mud and grime with no degradation of the unit's ability to perform its function. The performance requirements for portable water heaters are presented in details. The rotometer test method, and ASTM test method shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed. The water heater unit's water flow shall be measured, and recorded. The water heater unit's cold water inlet and warm water output temperature shall be measured and recorded. The water heater unit's water supply and outlet pressures shall be measured and recorded.1.1 This specification is used to standardize the portable water heaters used on personnel decontamination lines to insure the heaters provide sufficient heated water for as long as they are needed during the emergency.NOTE 1: These heaters are not intended to be used for the decontamination for any other surface or material. Also, these heaters are intended to be portable and easy to use by first responders during a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive (CBRNE) event.1.2 This specification contains a specification section and a test methods section so users need to refer to the section applicable to their needs when using this standard specification.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.NOTE 2: The U.S. first responder personnel using the equipment manufactured under this standard are not likely to be familiar with SI units so English units need to be included as part of the system documentation and shown on control panels for any equipment sold to U.S. organizations.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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11.1 The use of these acceptance tests will insure that organizations buying portable heaters will be assured the heaters meet certain performance requirements.AbstractThis specification is used to standardize the portable air heaters used on personnel decontamination lines to insure the heaters provide sufficient heated air for personnel comfort before, during, and after the decontamination for as long as they are needed during the emergency. The heater materials of construction shall be easily cleaned of surface mud and grime with no degradation of the unit’s ability to perform its function. The preferred fuels for the heater section of the portable air heater are diesel fuel, gasoline, or bottled propane gas. Measurement of the air heater unit’s air flow and input and output temperatures shall be performed.1.1 This specification is used to standardize the portable air heaters used on personnel decontamination lines to insure the heaters provide sufficient heated air for personnel comfort before, during, and after the decontamination for as long as they are needed during the emergency.NOTE 1: These heaters are not intended to be used for the decontamination for any other surface or material. Also, these heaters are intended to be portable and easy to use by first responders during a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive (CBRNE) event.1.2 This specification contains a specification section and a test methods section so users need to refer to the section applicable to their needs when using this standard specification.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.NOTE 2: The U.S. first responder personnel using the equipment manufactured under this standard are not likely to be familiar with SI units so English units need to be included as part of the system documentation and shown on control panels for any equipment sold to U.S. organizations.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice provides basic criteria for the development and operation of a certification body, the development and operation of a certification program, and the development and use of customary mechanisms to evaluate a candidate’s knowledge, skill, and ability.4.2 The basic criteria provided by this practice are intended to be supplemented by more specific criteria serving the requirements of the certification body.4.3 The certification body and its program, accredited according to the requirements of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024 and this practice, shall be considered as having met the full intent of this practice.1.1 This practice provides supplemental requirements to those of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024 for bodies that certify personnel engaged in inspection and testing of construction activities and materials used in construction, including Special Inspection. ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024 provides generic requirements that can be adapted to any discipline where assurance that certified individual meets the requirements of the certification scheme. Therefore, certification bodies certifying personnel engaged in inspection and testing of construction activities and materials used in construction, including Special Inspection, must meet the requirements of this practice and ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024.1.2 This practice may be used as a reference by:1.2.1 Developers of standards requiring personnel certification in inspection and testing of construction activities and materials used in construction, including Special Inspection, as a reference to harmonize terminology and reduce confusion among users;1.2.2 Personnel certification bodies that establish criteria and certify construction inspection, construction testing, and Special Inspection agency personnel against specific requirements,1.2.3 Accreditation bodies that accredit certification bodies, and1.2.4 Users and specifiers as a reference when requiring personnel certification.1.3 This practice follows the format of ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024 and provides additional requirements where needed.1.4 Certification may be specific to a single test or inspection method or practice or a grouping or collection of methods or practices (any such method, code, or practice being hereinafter referred to as “method,” or collectively as “methods”).1.5 Personnel certification is an important aspect of the quality system of agencies engaged in inspection and testing of construction activities and materials used in construction, including Special Inspection. Certification of personnel is required to meet the personnel qualifications of Practice E329.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The guide is intended to be used to assess competencies of qualified individuals who wish to become certified as an FHSS technician through a certification program.4.2 The guide is intended to be used in concert with a certification provider’s structure and materials for management, exam delivery, and candidate preparation.1.1 The purpose of this guide is to address the basic fundamental subject knowledge activities and functions for avionics professionals to be titled Flight Hazard and Surveillance Systems (FHSS) Technicians.1.2 This guide does not cover weather detection and avoidance systems. These systems will be addressed in a future Aircraft Electronics Technician (AET) endorsement standard.1.3 This guide is the basis for the FHSS certification, an endorsement to the AET certification. Candidates must be a certified AET to take the certification exam associated with this guide.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating acoustic emissions generated by the rapid release of energy from localized sources within an aerial personnel device under controlled loading. The resultant energy releases occur during intentional application of a controlled predetermined load. These energy releases can be monitored and interpreted by qualified individuals.5.2 This test method permits testing of the major components of an aerial personnel device under controlled loading. This test method utilizes objective criteria for evaluation and may be discontinued at any time to investigate a particular area of concern or prevent a fault from continuing to ultimate failure.5.3 This test method provides a means of detecting acoustic emission sources that may be defects or irregularities, or both, affecting the structural integrity or intended use of the aerial personnel device.5.4 Sources of acoustic emission found with this test method shall be evaluated by either more refined acoustic emission test methods or other nondestructive techniques (visual, liquid penetrant, radiography, ultrasonics, magnetic particle, etc.). Other nondestructive tests may be required to locate defects present in aerial personnel devices.5.5 Defective areas found in aerial personnel devices by this test method should be repaired and retested as appropriate. Repair procedure recommendations are outside the scope of this test method.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for non-destructive testing using acoustic emission (AE) testing for aerial personnel devices, which do not have a supplemental load handling attachment.1.1.1 Equipment Covered—This test method covers the following types of vehicle-mounted insulated aerial personnel devices:1.1.1.1 Extensible boom aerial personnel devices,1.1.1.2 Articulating boom aerial personnel devices, and1.1.1.3 Any combination of 1.1.1.1 and 1.1.1.2.1.1.2 Equipment Not Covered—This test method does not cover any of the following equipment:1.1.2.1 Material-handling aerial devices,1.1.2.2 Digger-derricks with platform, and1.1.2.3 Cranes with platform.1.2 The AE test method is used to detect and area-locate emission sources. Verification of emission sources may require the use of other nondestructive test (NDT) methods, such as radiography, ultrasonics, magnetic particle, liquid penetrant, and visual inspection. Warning—This test method requires that external loads be applied to the superstructure of the vehicle under test. During the test, caution must be taken to safeguard personnel and equipment against unexpected failure or instability of the vehicle or components.NOTE 1: This test method is not intended to be a stand alone NDT method for the verification of the structural integrity of an aerial device. Other NDT methods should be used to supplement the results.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This guide establishes the minimum level of training required to provide awareness-level knowledge for personnel operating in and around the areas and operations listed in 1.1.4.2 This guide may be used by individuals and AHJs that wish to identify the minimum training standards for land-based personnel operating in and around these areas and operations.4.3 A person trained to this guide is considered to be aware of the hazards and risks associated with these areas and operations.4.4 A person trained solely to this guide is not considered a “searcher,” “rescuer,” or both.4.5 This guide may be used to augment other training for a searcher and/or rescuer.4.6 This guide by itself is not a training document. It is only an outline of some of the topics required for training or evaluating a searcher and/or rescuer, although it can be used to develop a training document or program.4.7 It is the responsibility of the AHJ to determine the depth or detail of training needed to meet its training requirements.4.8 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements.4.9 This guide does not stand alone but must be used with the reference documents to provide the specific minimum training needed by a ground searcher and/or rescuer operating in these areas.4.10 This guide can be used as a reference for training of searchers, rescuers, or both.4.11 The information presented in the following sections is not in any particular order and does not represent a training sequence.4.12 It is the responsibility of the AHJ to determine the evaluation process to assess a person’s knowledge. This may be by written exam, oral exam, demonstration, or some other means specified by the AHJ.1.1 This guide is intended for training those who normally work in natural environments, solely subject to terrain and weather-related risks, who may be asked to respond to, or who may encounter, the operations defined in 1.2.1.2 This guide identifies and describes hazardous situations and environments, and the associated risks affecting search and rescue personnel who may be working on or around the following:1.2.1 Landsearch;1.2.2 Land rescue;1.2.3 Structural collapse;1.2.4 Rope rescues;1.2.5 Confined spaces;1.2.6 Water, both still and moving; and1.2.7 Trench or excavation collapse.1.3 The knowledge conveyed in this guide is intended to enable search and rescue (SAR) personnel to recognize situations that may require skills or capabilities they have not been trained to perform. This understanding will allow them to seek more knowledgeable personnel to mitigate the hazard and perform such rescues or other activities required to complete their mission.1.4 This guide is not intended to suggest that all search and rescue personnel must have the training identified within it. However, wherever the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) deems this training to be appropriate, this document can be used as a guide.1.5 The AHJ shall determine what level of training constitutes sufficient competence for search and rescue personnel to enter areas, or carry out missions, which include the hazards described in this guide.1.6 This guide identifies some of the known disciplines of SAR and their associated hazards. It does not, however, attempt to list all hazards or risks of which a person must be aware to operate safely and effectively in and around any of the areas listed in 1.1.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The procedure is used to test the antimicrobial effectiveness of handwashing formulations. The test formulations generally are designed for frequent use to reduce the transient bacterial flora on hands. Alcohol-based hand rubs and other leave-on formulations used without the aid of water should be tested using Test Method E2755.1.1 This test method is designed to determine the effectiveness of antimicrobial handwashing agents for the reduction of transient microbial skin flora when used in a handwashing procedure.21.2 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is required for these procedures.1.3 This test method may be used to evaluate topical antimicrobial handwash formulations.1.4 Performance of this procedure requires the knowledge of regulations pertaining to the protection of human subjects.31.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard; except for distance, in which case inches are used and metric units follow in parentheses.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For more specific precautionary statements see 8.2.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This document specifies qualification requirements for coordination personnel in industrial manufacturing sites responsible for additive manufacturing of metal parts.1.2 This document is applicable to all metallic processes that are covered by ISO 17296-2. In this context, the skills, tasks and responsibilities for different levels of AM coordination personnel are typically adapted according to the applicable regulations, depending on the process.1.3 This document is intended to provide guidance and requirements for qualification of coordination personnel in general-industrial applications. Additional requirements are typically needed for specific industries or applications (e.g. aerospace, medical) or to meet regulatory requirements.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Personnel trained for coating and lining work inspection are required to perform examination/inspection tasks to verify conformance of coating and lining work to written requirements.4.2 This guide provides guidance for development of an indoctrination and training program for training of personnel performing coating and lining work inspection.4.3 Certification/qualification of personnel performing coating and lining work inspection is addressed in Guide D4537.1.1 This guide is intended to assist those responsible for developing a program for the indoctrination and training of personnel performing coating and lining inspection work for nuclear facilities.1.2 It is recognized that organizations and job responsibilities vary widely among utilities and also among various support and service companies. It is the responsibility of the user of this guide to identify the appropriate subject matter for its program and its specific needs.1.3 Users of this guide must ensure that coating and lining work complies not only with this guide, but also with the licensee's plant-specific quality assurance program and licensing commitments.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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