定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元

定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

定价： 1333元 / 折扣价： 1134 元

定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元 加购物车

5.1 This practice describes procedures applicable to both shop and field conditions. More comprehensive or precise measurements of the characteristics of complete systems and their components will generally require laboratory techniques and electronic equipment such as oscilloscopes and signal generators. Substitution of these methods is not precluded where appropriate; however, their usage is not within the scope of this practice.5.2 This document does not establish system acceptance limits, nor is it intended as a comprehensive equipment specification.5.3 While several important characteristics are included, others of possible significance in some applications are not covered.5.4 Since the parameters to be evaluated and the applicable test conditions must be specified, this practice shall be prescribed only by those familiar with ultrasonic NDT technology and the required tests shall be performed either by such a qualified person or under his supervision.5.5 Implementation may require more detailed procedural instructions in the format of the using facility.5.6 In the case of evaluation of a complete system, selection of the specific tests to be made should be done cautiously; if the related parameters are not critical in the intended application, then their inclusion may be unjustified. For example, vertical linearity may be irrelevant for a go/no-go test with a flaw gate alarm, while horizontal linearity might be required only for accurate flaw-depth or thickness measurement from the display screen.5.7 No frequency of system evaluation or calibration is recommended or implied. This is the prerogative of the using parties and is dependent on application, environment, and stability of equipment.5.8 Certain sections are applicable only to instruments having receiver gain controls calibrated in decibels (dB). While these may sometimes be designated “gain,” “attenuator,” or “sensitivity” on various instruments, the term “gain controls” will be used in this practice in referring to those which specifically control instrument receiver gain but not including reject, electronic distance-amplitude compensation, or automatic gain control.5.9 These procedures can generally be applied to any combination of instrument and search unit of the commonly used types and frequencies, and to most straight-beam examination, either contact or immersed. Certain sections are also compatible with angle-beam, wheel, delay-line, and dual-search unit techniques. Their use, however, should be mutually agreed upon and so identified in the test report.5.10 The validity of the results obtained will depend on the precision of the instrument display readings. This is assumed to be ±0.04 in. (±1 mm), yielding between 1 % and 2 % of full scale (fs) readability for available instrumentation having suitable screen graticules and display sharpness.1.1 This practice describes procedures for evaluating the following performance characteristics of ultrasonic pulse-echo examination instruments and systems: Horizontal Limit and Linearity; Vertical Limit and Linearity; Resolution - Entry Surface and Far Surface; Sensitivity and Noise; Accuracy of Calibrated Gain Controls. Evaluation of these characteristics is intended to be used for comparing instruments and systems or, by periodic repetition, for detecting long-term changes in the characteristics of a given instrument or system that may be indicative of impending failure, and which, if beyond certain limits, will require corrective maintenance. Instrument characteristics measured in accordance with this practice are expressed in terms that relate to their potential usefulness for ultrasonic testing. Instrument characteristics expressed in purely electronic terms may be measured as described in Guide E1324.1.2 Ultrasonic examination systems using pulsed-wave trains and A-scan presentation (rf or video) may be evaluated.1.3 The procedures are applicable to shop or field conditions; additional electronic measurement instrumentation is not required.1.4 This practice establishes no performance limits for examination systems; if such acceptance criteria are required, these must be specified by the using parties. Where acceptance criteria are implied herein, they are for example only and are subject to more or less restrictive limits imposed by customer's and end user's controlling documents.1.5 The specific parameters to be evaluated, conditions and frequency of test, and report data required must also be determined by the user.1.6 This practice may be used for the evaluation of a complete examination system, including search unit, instrument, interconnections, fixtures and connected alarm and auxiliary devices, primarily in cases where such a system is used repetitively without change or substitution. This practice is not intended to be used as a substitute for calibration or standardization of an instrument or system to inspect any given material. There are limitations to the use of standard reference blocks for that purpose.21.7 Required test apparatus includes selected test blocks and a precision external attenuator (where specified) in addition to the instrument or system to be evaluated.1.8 Precautions relating to the applicability of the procedures and interpretation of the results are included.1.9 Alternate procedures, such as examples described in this document, or others, may only be used with customer approval.1.10 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 Tests and criteria as outlined determine the overall usability and stability of chairs in an environment simulating the conditions of use.4.2 Tests simulate two types of surfaces:4.2.1 Smooth surfaces such as linoleum, wet pool decks, etc. The glass testing base (see Fig. 5) is used to simulate this surface.FIG. 5 Glass Testing BaseNOTE 1: A = poly(methyl methacrylate) 0.25 ± 0.03 in. (6 ± 0.1 mm) thickness,B = AC exterior glue fir plywood 0.75 ± 0.1 in. (19 ± 2 mm) or greater thickness,C = polypropylene microfoam 0.7± 0.01 lb/ft3 (11 ± 0.2 kg/m3) density and 0.13 ± 0.01 in. (3 ± 0.03 mm) thickness, andD = glass/tempered 0.38 ± 0.04 in. (10 ± 0.1 mm) thickness.NOTE 2: A, B,C, and D are sheets roughly 48 in. (1219 mm) on a side or greater to accommodate the length of the chaise lounge.4.2.2 Rough surfaces such as wooden decks, outdoor natural surfaces, etc. The plywood testing base (see Fig. 6) is used to simulate this surface.FIG. 6 Plywood Testing BaseNOTE 1: A = poly(methyl methacrylate) 0.25 ± 0.03 in. (6 ± 0.1 mm) thickness, andB = AC exterior glue fir plywood 0.75 ± 0.1 in. (19 ± 2 mm) or greater thickness.NOTE 2: A and B are sheets roughly 48 in. (1219 mm) on a side or greater to accommodate the length of the chaise lounge.1.1 These performance requirements establish nationally recognized performance requirements for Class A (residential) and Class B (nonresidential) plastic chaise lounges, with or without moving arms, with adjustable backs, intended for outdoor use.1.2 The performance requirements are not applicable to upholstered chairs, or other types of furniture.1.3 These performance requirements cover the performance of the product regarding aspects of outdoor weathering, impact, static load for seat and back, and arm testing.1.4 Products may be manufactured from recycled plastics as long as the performance requirements are met.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 Conformable Eddy Current Sensors—Conformable, eddy current sensors can be used on both flat and curved surfaces, including fillets, cylindrical surfaces, etc. When used with models for predicting the sensor response and appropriate algorithms, these sensors can measure variations in physical properties, such as electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability, or both, as well as thickness of conductive coatings on any substrate and nonconductive coatings on conductive substrates or on a conducting coating. These property variations can be used to detect and characterize heterogeneous regions within the conductive coatings, for example, regions of locally higher porosity.4.2 Sensors and Sensor Arrays—Depending on the application, either a single-sensing element sensor or a sensor array can be used for coating characterization. A sensor array provides a better capability to map spatial variations in coating thickness or conductivity, or both (reflecting, for example, porosity variations), and provides better throughput for scanning large areas. The size of the sensor footprint and the size and number of sensing elements within an array depend on the application requirements and constraints, and the nonconductive (for example, ceramic) coating thickness.4.3 Coating Thickness Range—The conductive coating thickness range over which a sensor performs best depends on the difference between the electrical conductivity of the substrate and conductive coating and available frequency range. For example, a specific sensor geometry with a specific frequency range for impedance measurements may provide acceptable performance for an MCrAlY coating over a nickel-alloy substrate for a relatively wide range of conductive coating thickness, for example, from 75 to 400 μm (0.003 to 0.016 in.). Yet, for another conductive coating-substrate combination, this range may be 10 to 100 μm (0.0004 to 0.004 in.). The coating characterization performance may also depend on the thickness of a nonconductive topcoat. For any coating system, performance verification on representative coated specimens is critical to establishing the range of optimum performance. For nonconductive coatings, such as ceramic coatings, the thickness measurement range increases with an increase of the spatial wavelength of the sensor (for example, thicker coatings can be measured with larger sensor winding spatial wavelength). For nonconductive coatings, when roughness of the coating may have a significant effect on the thickness measurement, independent measurements of the nonconductive coating roughness, for example, by profilometry, may provide a correction for the roughness effects.4.4 Process-Affected Zone—For some processes, for example, shot peening, the process-affected zone can be represented by an effective layer thickness and conductivity. These values can in turn be used to assess process quality. A strong correlation must be demonstrated between these “effective coating” properties and process quality.4.5 Three-Unknown Algorithm—Use of multiple-frequency impedance measurements and a three-unknown algorithm permits independent determination of three unknowns: (1) thickness of conductive nonmagnetic coatings, (2) conductivity of conductive nonmagnetic coatings, and (3) lift-off that provides a measure of the nonconductive coating thickness.4.6 Accuracy—Depending on the material properties and frequency range, there is an optimal measurement performance range for each coating system. The instrument, its air standardization or reference substrate standardization, or both, and its operation permit the coating thickness to be determined within ±15 % of its true thickness for coating thickness within the optimal range and within ±30 % outside the optimal range. Better performance may be required for some applications.4.7 Databases for Sensor Response—Databases of sensor responses may be used to represent the model response for the sensor. These databases may be based upon physical models or empirical relations. The databases list expected sensor responses (for example, the real and imaginary parts or the magnitude and phase of the complex transimpedance between the sense element and drive winding) over relevant ranges in the properties of interest. Example properties for a coated substrate material are the magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity of the substrate, or both, the electrical conductivity and thickness of the coating, and the lift-off. The ranges of the property values within the databases should span the expected property ranges for the material system to be examined.1.1 This practice covers the use of conformable eddy current sensors for nondestructive characterization of coatings without standardization on coated reference parts. It includes the following: (1) thickness measurement of a conductive coating on a conductive substrate, (2) detection and characterization of local regions of increased porosity of a conductive coating, and (3) measurement of thickness for nonconductive coatings on a conductive substrate or on a conductive coating. This practice includes only nonmagnetic coatings on either magnetic (μ ≠ μ0) or nonmagnetic (μ = μ0) substrates. In addition to discrete coatings on substrates, this practice can also be used to measure the effective thickness of a process-affected zone (for example, shot peened layer for aluminum alloys, alpha case for titanium alloys) and to assess the condition of other layered media such as joints (for example, lap joints and skin panels over structural supports). For specific types of coated parts, the user may need a more specific procedure tailored to a specific application.1.2 Specific uses of conventional eddy current sensors are covered by Practices D7091 and E376 and the following test methods issued by ASTM: B244 and E1004. Guidance for the use of conformable eddy current sensor arrays is provided in Guide E2884.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This practice can be used to describe the effects of materials, manufacturing, and design variables on the fatigue resistance of metallic stemmed femoral components subjected to cyclic loading for relatively large numbers of cycles. The recommended test assumes a “worst case” situation where proximal support for the stem has been lost. It is also recognized that for some materials the environment may have an effect on the response to cyclic loading. The test environment used and the rationale for the choice of that environment should be described in the report. It is recognized that actual in vivo loading conditions are not ofconstant amplitude. However, there is not sufficient information available to create standard load spectrums for metallic stemmed femoral components. Accordingly, a simple periodic constant amplitude force is recommended. In order for fatigue data on femoral stems to be useful for comparison, it must be reproducible among different laboratories. Consequently, it is essential that uniform procedures be established.1.1 This practice describes a method for the fatigue testing of metallic stemmed femoral components used in hip arthroplasty. The described method is intended to be used to evaluate the comparison of various designs and materials used for stemmed femoral components used in the arthroplasty. This practice covers procedures for the performance of fatigue tests using (as a forcing function) a periodic constant amplitude force. 1.2 This practice applies primarily to one-piece prostheses and modular components, with head in place such that prostheses should not have an anterior/posterior bow, and should have a nearly straight section on the distal 50 mm of the stem. This practice may require modifications to accommodate other femoral stem designs. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 For additional information see Refs. (1-5) .

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

This specification covers three types of aluminum-pigmented asphalt roof coatings suitable for application to roofing or masonry surfaces by brush or spray. Type I is nonfibered, Type II is fibered with asbestos, and Type III is fibered other than asbestos. The coatings shall adhere to chemical requirements such as composition limits for water, nonvolatile matter, metallic aluminum, and insolubility in CS2. They shall also meet physical requirements as to uniformity, consistency, and luminous reflectance.1.1 This specification covers asphalt-based, aluminum-pigmented roof coatings suitable for application to roofing or masonry surfaces by brush or spray.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification covers sheet floor covering having a vinyl wear layer without backing. Products also may contain a clear specialty performance top layers. This type of floor covering is intended for use in commercial and light commercial buildings. The wear layer shall have a vinyl plastic binder and may include pigments, fillers, extenders, and other ingredients. This layer shall be stabilized against heat and light deterioration. The binder content of the PVC-pattern portion of the wear layer such as vinyl resins, plasticizers, and stabilizers shall be a minimum of 50 %.1.1 This specification covers sheet floor covering having a vinyl wear layer without backing. Products also may contain a clear specialty performance top layer(s).1.2 This type of floor covering is intended for use in commercial and light commercial buildings. General information and performance characteristics, which determine serviceability and recommended use, are included in this specification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating acoustic emissions generated by the rapid release of energy from localized sources within an aerial personnel device under controlled loading. The resultant energy releases occur during intentional application of a controlled predetermined load. These energy releases can be monitored and interpreted by qualified individuals.5.2 This test method permits testing of the major components of an aerial personnel device under controlled loading. This test method utilizes objective criteria for evaluation and may be discontinued at any time to investigate a particular area of concern or prevent a fault from continuing to ultimate failure.5.3 This test method provides a means of detecting acoustic emission sources that may be defects or irregularities, or both, affecting the structural integrity or intended use of the aerial personnel device.5.4 Sources of acoustic emission found with this test method shall be evaluated by either more refined acoustic emission test methods or other nondestructive techniques (visual, liquid penetrant, radiography, ultrasonics, magnetic particle, etc.). Other nondestructive tests may be required to locate defects present in aerial personnel devices.5.5 Defective areas found in aerial personnel devices by this test method should be repaired and retested as appropriate. Repair procedure recommendations are outside the scope of this test method.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for non-destructive testing using acoustic emission (AE) testing for aerial personnel devices, which do not have a supplemental load handling attachment.1.1.1 Equipment Covered—This test method covers the following types of vehicle-mounted insulated aerial personnel devices:1.1.1.1 Extensible boom aerial personnel devices,1.1.1.2 Articulating boom aerial personnel devices, and1.1.1.3 Any combination of 1.1.1.1 and 1.1.1.2.1.1.2 Equipment Not Covered—This test method does not cover any of the following equipment:1.1.2.1 Material-handling aerial devices,1.1.2.2 Digger-derricks with platform, and1.1.2.3 Cranes with platform.1.2 The AE test method is used to detect and area-locate emission sources. Verification of emission sources may require the use of other nondestructive test (NDT) methods, such as radiography, ultrasonics, magnetic particle, liquid penetrant, and visual inspection. Warning—This test method requires that external loads be applied to the superstructure of the vehicle under test. During the test, caution must be taken to safeguard personnel and equipment against unexpected failure or instability of the vehicle or components.NOTE 1: This test method is not intended to be a stand alone NDT method for the verification of the structural integrity of an aerial device. Other NDT methods should be used to supplement the results.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 This practice is intended for use in collecting samples of single and multilayered liquids, with or without solids, from drums or similar containers, including those that are unstable, ruptured, or otherwise compromised. Special handling procedures (for example, remote drum opening, over-pressurized drum opening, drum deheading, etc.) are described in Drum Handling Practices at Hazardous Waste Sites.1.1 This practice covers typical equipment and methods for collecting samples of single or multilayered liquids, with or without solids, in drums or similar containers. These methods are adapted specifically for sampling drums having a volume of 110 gal (416 L) or less. These methods are applicable to hazardous material, product, or waste. Specific sample collection and handling requirements should be described in the site-specific work plan.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 7.2.4, 7.2.7.1, and Notes 1 and 2.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Insoluble material may form in oils that are subjected to oxidizing conditions.5.2 Significant formation of oil insolubles or metal corrosion products, or both, during this test may indicate that the oil will form insolubles or corrode metals, or both, resulting in varnish formation during field service. The level of varnish formation in service will be dependent on many factors (turbine design, reservoir temperature, duty-cycle, for example. peaking, cycling, or base-load duty, maintenance, and so forth) and a direct correlation between results in this test and field varnish formation are yet to be established.5.3 Oxidation condition at 120 °C under accelerated oxidation environment of Test Method D4310 and measurement of sludge and RPVOT value could reflect a practical oil quality in actual turbine operations. Results from this test should be used together with other key lubricant performance indicators (including other established oxidation and corrosion tests) to indicate suitability for service.1.1 This test method is used to evaluate the sludging tendencies of steam and gas turbine lubricants during the oxidation process in the presence of oxygen and metal catalyst (copper and iron) at an elevated temperature. This test method may be used to evaluate industrial oils (for example, circulating oils and so forth).1.2 This test method is a modification of Test Method D4310 where the sludging and corrosion tendencies of the same kinds of oils are determined after 1000 h at 95 °C in the presence of water. Water is omitted in this modification.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.3.1 Exception—The values in parentheses in some of the figures are provided for information only for those using old equipment based on non-SI units.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 The test results provide an indication of the motor life of an electric vacuum cleaner in operating hours. The end of the motor life will be judged in accordance with Section 3.1.1 This test method is limited to evaluation of canister, hand-held, stick, and utility type vacuum cleaners without a driven agitator.1.2 This test method provides a test to determine operating life of the motor, before servicing is needed, by an accelerated laboratory procedure. The motor is tested while mounted and is operated in a vacuum cleaner.1.3 The values as stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车