1.1 This test method covers the determination of the crack strength [sigma]c of a Charpy-type specimen (see Fig. 1) containing a fatigue crack tested in slow bending. The nominal cross-sectional dimensions of this specimen are identical to those given in Test Methods E23 (Fig. 4A) for the standard Charpy test specimen. The crack strength will be sensitive to changes in the plane-strain fracture toughness providing the strength of the specimen is determined primarily by crack propagation and not by plastic instability.

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18.1 For purpose of determining compliance with the specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in the following table, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.       Property Rounded Unit for Observed orCalculated Value   Chemical composition    nearest unit in the last       right-hand significant     digit used in expressing     the limiting value  Tensile strength    nearest ksi [nearest 5 MPa]  Elongation    nearest 1 %  Expansion    nearest 1 %  Grain size    nearest multiple of 0.005 mmAbstractThis specification establishes the requirements for condenser, evaporator, and heat exchanger U-bends that are manufactured from seamless copper and copper alloy tube. The material of manufacture shall be of such quality and purity that the finished product shall have the properties and characteristics specified. The material shall conform to the chemical composition requirements specified. Tensile test, expansion test, flattening test, mercurous nitrate test or ammonia vapor test, nondestructive examination, hydrostatic test, and pneumatic test shall be made to conform to the requirements specified.1.1 This specification2 establishes the requirements for condenser, evaporator, and heat exchanger U-bend tubes that are manufactured from seamless copper and copper alloy tube.1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This specification is applicable to product 2 in. [50 mm] or less, inclusive, in diameter.1.4 The product shall be produced from one of the following coppers or copper alloys, as specified in the ordering information:Copper orCopper AlloyUNS No. Previously UsedDesignation Type of Metal     C10200 OFA oxygen-free without residual deoxidantsC10300 ... oxygen-free, extra low phosphorusC10800 ... oxygen-free, low phosphorusC12000 DLPA phosphorized, low residual phosphorusC12200 DHPA phosphorized, high residual phosphorusC14200 DPAA phosphorized, arsenicalC19200 ... phosphorized, 1 % ironC23000 ... red brassC44300 Type B admiralty metalC44400 Type C admiralty metalC44500 Type D admiralty metalC60800 ... aluminum bronzeC68700 Type B aluminum brassC70400 ... 95-5 copper-nickelC70600 ... 90-10 copper-nickelC70620 ... 90-10 copper-nickel-(modified for welding)C71000 ... 80-20 copper-nickelC71500 ... 70-30 copper-nickelC71520 ... 70-30 copper-nickel-(modified for welding)C72200 ... copper-nickel(A) Designations listed in Classification B224.1.5 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification.1.5.1 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.)1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Measurements of bending proof strength, offset yield strength in bending, and modulus of elasticity in bending should be made for materials whose principal stressing mode is bending. For many materials, the tensile and compressive moduli are somewhat different. Since the modulus of elasticity in bending is a combination of the tensile and compressive moduli, it is often different from each of them.4.2 Precise measurements of the modulus of elasticity in bending offset yield strength in bending, and bending proof strength require due regard for numerous variables that can affect their determination. These include (1) material characteristics such as specimen orientation with respect to the rolling direction, grain size, residual stresses, previous strain history, dimensions and specimen preparation, orientation of deformed grains relative to the direction of the normal stress; and (2) test conditions, such as temperature, temperature variations, condition of the test equipment, and adherence to the test procedure.4.3 Fundamental Assumptions: 4.3.1 The test section of the specimen is subjected to uniform bending moment, which produces a uniform strain at the outer fiber throughout the gauge length of the specimen (applies to Test Method C only).4.3.2 The neutral axis is located at the centerline of the thickness of the test specimen.4.3.3 Transverse cross sections of the beam remain plane and normal to the longitudinal fiber of the beam during bending.4.3.4 The effect of shear stresses is negligible.1.1 This standard describes three test methods2 for determining the modulus of elasticity in bending, the bending proof strength, and the offset yield strength in bending of metallic strips or sheets intended for the use in flat springs:1.1.1 Test Method A—a cantilever beam test,1.1.2 Test Method B—a three-point beam test (that is, a beam resting on two supports and centrally loaded), and1.1.3 Test Method C—a four-point beam test (that is, a beam resting on two supports and loaded at two points equally spaced from each support).1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The existing Test Method F1995, while very useful, is difficult to conduct if an encapsulating dome is applied, and does not reveal the possible failures caused by mechanical stress incompatibility in the overall SMT joint. This mandrel bend test will reveal possible mechanical stress incompatibility between the various adhesives which can result in latent field failures during production handling or with thermal cycling in normal use.4.2 The existing Test Method F2750 does not include specifics for SMD attachments and only addresses the conductivity change of the conductive trace.4.3 The different combinations of SMD types, attachment medias, circuit substrates and process variation can account for significant variation in test outcome.4.4 Bending of printed flexible circuit or their components can affect their visual appearance, mechanical integrity or electrical functionality. This test method simulates conditions that may be seen during manufacture, installation, or use.4.5 Bend testing may be destructive, therefore any samples tested should be considered unfit for future use.1.1 This test method covers a means to test a completed Surface Mounted Device (SMD) joint for bond strength and inter-layer stress compatibility1.2 A completed SMD joint includes; SMD (LED, resistor, etc), PTF ink land (typically silver), conductive adhesive (typically silver), staking compound (non-conductive), and encapsulant (non-conductive).

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4.1 Coatings attached to substrates are elongated when the substrates are dimensionally unstable, or are bent during the manufacture of articles or when the articles are abused in service. These test methods have been useful in rating attached coatings for their ability to resist cracking when elongated. They have been useful in evaluating the flexibility of coatings on flexible substrates. The elongation of coating films may also be tested using Test Method D2370. The correlation between elongation determined in accordance with Test Methods D522/D522M and D2370 is unknown.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the resistance to cracking (flexibility) of attached organic coatings on substrates of sheet metal or rubber-type materials.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method evaluates the ability of coated fabrics to withstand a prescribed bend at an established low temperature. Fabrics coated with polymeric materials are used in many applications requiring low temperature flexing. Data obtained using this test method may be used to predict in-use behavior only in applications in which the conditions of deformation are similar to those specified in this test method. This test method has been found useful for specification purposes but does not necessarily indicate the lowest temperature at which the material may be used.1.1 Fabrics coated with rubber or rubber-like materials display increased stiffening when exposed to decreasing ambient temperatures. This test method describes a simple pass/fail procedure whereby material flexibility at a specified low temperature can be determined. Failure is indicative of unacceptability of the coated fabric for use at that temperature.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statement see 8.1.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The routine measurement of the ductility of electrodeposited and autocatalytically deposited metal coatings can be useful in process control, especially when the electroplating process is used for decorative and engineering purposes.1.1 This practice covers a test procedure for determining the ductility of electrodeposited and autocatalytically deposited coatings on sheet or strip basis metals. The purpose of the test is to determine the resistance of metal coatings to cracking during distortion.21.2 Test Methods E8 can be used if the coatings are too ductile and require mandrels too small to be practical.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method provides a rapid, economical method for determination of transformation temperatures.5.2 Measurement of the specimen motion closely parallels many shape memory applications and provides a result that is applicable to the function of the material.5.3 This test method uses a wire, tube, strip specimen, or a wire, tube, or strip specimen extracted from a component; thus, it provides an assessment of a nickel titanium product in its semifinished or finished form.5.4 This test method may be used on annealed samples to determine the transformation temperatures and ensure the alloy formulation, since chemical analysis is not precise enough to adequately determine the nickel-to-titanium ratio of shape memory alloys.5.5 In general, the transformation temperatures measured by this method will not be the same as those measured by the DSC method defined in Test Method F2004. Therefore, the results of DSC and BFR cannot be compared directly.5.5.1 The BFR method measures the transformation temperatures by tracking shape recovery of stress-induced martensite deformed below the R′s temperature or the As temperature. In contrast, the DSC method measures the start, peak, and finish temperatures of the thermal transformation of martensite to R-phase or to austenite. See Refs (1-4).5.6 The test method is applicable to shape memory alloys with Af temperatures in the range of approximately –25 to 90 °C.1.1 This test method describes a procedure for quantitatively determining the martensite-to-austenite or the martensite to R-phase transformation temperature of annealed, aged, shape-set, or tempered nickel-titanium alloy specimens by deforming the specimen in bending and measuring the deformation recovered during heating through the thermal transformation (BFR method). See 3.1.1.NOTE 1: For aged, shape-set, or tempered specimens the transformation may be from martensite to austenite or from martensite to R-phase. See Reference (1)2 for details.1.2 The test specimen may be wire, tube, or strip or a specimen extracted from a semifinished or finished component.1.2.1 For specimens not in the form of a wire, tube, or strip that are extracted from semifinished or finished components, a wire, tube, or strip shaped test specimen shall be made from the component such that the deformation mode in the test specimen is pure bending.1.2.2 Other specimen geometries or displacements resulting in a more complex strain state, such as bending with torsion or buckling, are beyond the scope of this standard.1.3 Ruggedness tests have demonstrated that sample Af must be limited to obtain good test results. See 5.6 for details. Ruggedness tests have demonstrated that deformation strain, deformation temperature, and equilibration time at the deformation temperature must be controlled to obtain good test results. See 9.1, 9.2, and 9.4 for details.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice is useful as one method of controlling some electroplating solutions. It serves to indicate the presence of contamination or some other adverse condition.4.2 Ductility measurements are of particular value when electroplated parts are to be subjected to moderate stress such as that involved in bolting an electroplated bumper to an automobile or when exposed to a wide range of fluctuating temperatures (thermal shock).1.1 This practice describes a procedure for measuring the ductility of electrodeposited foils.21.2 This practice is suitable only for the evaluation of electrodeposits having low ductility.1.3 The obtained ductility values must only be considered semi-quantitative because this test has a significant operator dependence.1.4 This practice is best used for in-house process control where measurements are always made by the same operator. A change in ductility value can be used as an indication of possible changes in the electroplating solution.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method provides a standard method to bend the product to verify good coating, adhesion free of delamination, on metallic-coated steel sheet products under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A05 and its subcommittees as designated by a purchaser in a purchase order or contract.4.1.1 Metallic coated coupons are bent 180° around progressively more thicknesses of metal, the end point being when failures no longer occur. The bend area is examined without magnification after each bend in order to determine coating fracture and loss of adhesion.4.1.2 If desired, further examination of loss of adhesion or pickoff can be determined by performing a tape pull-off test subsequent to bending.4.1.3 The material condition at the time of testing, sampling frequency, specimen location and orientation, minimum t-bend rating exhibiting no delamination or pick-off, reporting requirements, and other test parameters are contained in the pertinent material specification or in a general requirement specification for the particular product form. References are provided to the appropriate ASTM standards.4.2 For this test method to successfully evaluate coating adhesion, the metal substrate must be capable of withstanding the bending operation without fracturing.4.3 Coating adhesion is a significant quality characteristic of metallic coated steel sheet products. This test method employs the relevant t-bend rating specified in the referenced product standards to quickly determine if the metallic coating is free of delamination on the outside of a bend specimen. This is critical in ascertaining product conformance to specifications.4.4 This test method is similar to, and uses some of the same apparatus as, Test Method D4145, which determines a t-bend rating for flexibility and adhesion of organic coatings (paints) on metallic substrates.4.5 This test method may be used by other ASTM Committees and other standards writing bodies for the purpose of conformance testing.1.1 This test method covers a bend test to verify that metallic coatings on steel sheet are free of delamination. The test method described is designed and intended for use in both laboratory and plant situations and their environments.1.2 The metallic-coated steel product shall conform to all the requirements of the appropriate specifications as follows: Specifications A463/A463M, A653/A653M, A755/A755M, A792/A792M, A875/A875M, A924/A924M, A929/A929M, A1046/A1046M, A1057/A1057M, A1063/A1063M, A1079, and A1087/A1087M.1.3 Quantitative limits are not addressed and are established in the general requirements, or individual product specifications, or both; or when applicable, as agreed to between supplier and user.1.4 Units—This specification is applicable to orders in either inch-pound units or SI units. Values in inch-pound and SI units are not necessarily equivalent. Within the text, SI units are shown in brackets. Each system shall be used independently of the other.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The guided bend test as described in this test method is used to evaluate the quality of welds as a function of ductility as evidenced by their ability to resist cracking during bending.1.1 This test method covers a guided bend test for the determination of soundness and ductility of welds in ferrous and nonferrous products. Flaws, not shown by X rays, can appear in the surface of a specimen when it is subjected to progressive localized overstressing.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Test Method D4032 for testing stiffness of fabrics is considered satisfactory for quality control testing. It may also be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since the test method has been used extensively in the trade field. In cases of differences in values reported by purchaser and seller using Test Method D4032 for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratories of the purchaser and the seller should be determined with each comparison being based on the testing of specimens taken homogeneously from a lot of material of the type being evaluated. Specimens should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each of the laboratories.5.2 The circular bend procedure gives a force value related to fabric stiffness, simultaneously averaging stiffness in all directions. The stiffness tests in Test Methods D1388 are of the single directional type.5.3 The circular bend procedure is simple to perform and may be used for knitted, woven, or nonwoven fabrics, provided gage capacity is in keeping with fabric range tested.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the stiffness of fabrics by the circular bend procedure.1.2 This test method is generally applicable to all types of fabrics, including woven, knitted and nonwovens, of any fiber content.NOTE 1: For other methods of testing for stiffness, refer to Test Methods D1388.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be considered as standard; the values in inch-pound units are included for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 The U-bend specimen may be used for any metal alloy sufficiently ductile to be formed into the U-shape without mechanically cracking. The specimen is most easily made from strip or sheet but can be machined from plate, bar, castings, or weldments; wire specimens may be used also.5.2 Since the U-bend usually contains large amounts of elastic and plastic strain, it provides one of the most severe tests available for smooth (as opposed to notched or precracked) stress-corrosion test specimens. The stress conditions are not usually known and a wide range of stresses exist in a single stressed specimen. The specimen is therefore unsuitable for studying the effects of different applied stresses on stress-corrosion cracking or for studying variables that have only a minor effect on cracking. The advantage of the U-bend specimen is that it is simple and economical to make and use. It is most useful for detecting large differences between the stress-corrosion cracking resistance of (a) different metals in the same environment, (b) one metal in different metallurgical conditions in the same environment, or (c) one metal in several environments.1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and using U-bend specimens for the evaluation of stress-corrosion cracking in metals. The U-bend specimen is generally a rectangular strip that is bent 180° around a predetermined radius and maintained in this constant strain condition during the stress-corrosion test. Bends slightly less than or greater than 180° are sometimes used. Typical U-bend configurations showing several different methods of maintaining the applied stress are shown in Fig. 1.FIG. 1 Typical Stressed U-bends1.2 U-bend specimens usually contain both elastic and plastic strain. In some cases (for example, very thin sheet or small diameter wire) it is possible to form a U-bend and produce only elastic strain. However, bent-beam (Practice G39 or direct tension (Practice G49)) specimens are normally used to study stress-corrosion cracking of strip or sheet under elastic strain only.1.3 This practice is concerned only with the test specimen and not the environmental aspects of stress-corrosion testing, which are discussed elsewhere (1)2 and in Practices G35, G36, G37, G41, G44, G103 and Test Method G123.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The “Mandrel Bend” test is simple and fast. It requires little investment in equipment and little operator training. The prime purpose is to determine whether a hot-melt adhesive meets flexibility requirements. This test is also useful for comparing flexibility of several adhesives. It can be used to design adhesives by comparing the flexibility of various formulations to meet specific end use parameters. The adhesive flexibility can be determined at temperatures other than ambient by conditioning the test apparatus and test specimens at the desired temperature and performing the test under these temperature conditions.1.1 This practice covers the determination of the flexibility of a hot-melt adhesive in sheet form under specific test conditions. This is a working practice. Its results are useful for comparing adhesives, not for absolute characterization of adhesives.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The critical strain energy release rate parameter, Jc, is used to compare the cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures prepared with different asphalt binder and aggregate types prepared to meet the volumetric requirements of differing traffic levels tested at intermediate temperatures.5.2 The critical strain energy release rate parameter, Jc, is an engineering property and a performance indicator at intermediate temperature cracking.NOTE 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.1.1 This test method covers the procedures for preparation, testing, and measurement of asphalt mixture cracking resistance at intermediate temperatures using semi-circular bend (SCB) geometry of laboratory-prepared or pavement core asphalt mixture samples tested monotonically. The SCB sample is a half-disk with a notch cut aligned vertically in parallel with the testing loading. The test method describes the determination of the critical strain energy release rate parameter, Jc, and other parameters determined from the load-displacement curve. These parameters can be used to rank the resistance of asphalt mixtures to cracking.1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 Since a complete Precision and Bias statement for this standard has not been developed, the test method is to be used for research and informational purposes only. Therefore, this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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