5.1 This test method provides a standard for comparison of rotating type anemometers, specifically cup anemometers and propeller anemometers, of different types. Specifications by regulatory agencies (4-7) and industrial societies have specified performance values. This standard provides an unambiguous method for measuring starting threshold, distance constant, transfer function, and off-axis response.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the starting threshold, distance constant, transfer function, and off-axis response of a cup anemometer or propeller anemometer from direct measurement in a wind tunnel.1.2 This test method provides for a measurement of cup anemometer or propeller anemometer performance in the environment of wind tunnel air flow. Transference of values determined by these methods to atmospheric flow must be done with an understanding that there is a difference between the two flow systems.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The purpose of these test methods is to provide reliable and repeatable test methods for the evaluation of motorized treadmills assembled and maintained according to the manufacturer's specifications. Use of these test methods in conjunction with Specification F2115, Specification F2276, and Test Methods F2571 is intended to ensure appropriate performance and reliability of a motorized treadmill and reduce the risk of serious injury from design deficiencies.1.1 These test methods specify procedures and equipment used for testing and evaluating a motorized treadmill for compliance to Specification F2115. Both design and operational parameters will be evaluated. Where possible and applicable, accepted test methods from other recognized bodies will be used and referenced. In case of a conflict between this document and Specification F2115, Specification F2115 takes precedence.1.2 This test method is to be used in conjunction with Specification F2276, Test Methods F2571, and Specification F2115.1.3 This standard takes precedence over Specification F2276 and Test Methods F2571 in areas that are specific to motorized treadmills.1.4 Requirements—A motorized treadmill is to be tested for all of the following parameters:1.4.1 Stability,1.4.2 Exterior design,1.4.3 Endurance loading,1.4.4 Static loading,1.4.5 Adjustable incline system,1.4.6 Controls,1.4.7 Motorized drive system,1.4.8 Folding treadmills,1.4.9 Additional universal design requirements,1.4.10 Documentation,1.4.11 Marking, and1.4.12 Warnings/Warning labels.1.5 This test method2 contains additional requirements to address the accessibility of the equipment for persons with disabilities.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parenthesis are for information only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method provides controlled environments which are utilized to produce corrosion of metal, metal-coated, or nonmetallic-coated smooth or deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with treated wood exposed to the given test environments. The test method provides information that can be used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of metal, metal-coated, or nonmetallic-coated smooth or deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with different chemical wood treatments.5.2 The results shall be used for comparative purposes only and they shall not be correlated to exposure time in natural environments.5.3 The reproducibility of results in these types of tests is highly dependent on the type of samples tested and the evaluation criteria selected, as well as the control of the operating variables.1.1 This test method covers and focuses on the corrosion resistance of metal, metal-coated, and nonmetallic-coated smooth and deformed shank driven fasteners in contact with treated wood in exterior or high moisture exposure applications using comparative tests with control fastener specimens of standardized benchmarks. This test method may be used for preservative-treated wood.1.2 This test method describes the apparatus, procedure, and conditions required to maintain test environments for the Cyclic Fog Test and the Steady State Moisture Test.1.3 This test method describes the types of test samples, lists exposure periods, and gives guidance on interpretation of results.1.4 Until experience is gained comparing laboratory-to-laboratory results with this test method, comparisons of fasteners, coatings, materials, or preservatives shall be made only within the results of the same test.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The levels of tensile properties obtained when testing high performance polyethylene films are dependent on the age and history of the specimen and on the specific conditions used during the test. Among these conditions are rate of stretching, type of clamps, gauge length of specimen, temperature and humidity of the atmosphere, rate of airflow across the specimen, and temperature and moisture content of the specimen. Testing conditions accordingly are specified precisely to obtain reproducible test results on a specific sample.5.2 Breaking force is used in engineering calculations when designing various types of products. When needed to compare intrinsic strength characteristics, films of different sizes or different types of film, breaking tenacity is very useful because, for a given type of film, breaking force is approximately proportional to linear density.5.3 Elongation of film is taken into consideration in the design and engineering of reinforced products because of its effect on uniformity of the finished product and its dimensional stability during service.5.4 The FASE is used to monitor changes in characteristics of the material during the various stages involved in the processing.5.5 Modulus is a measure of the resistance of film to extension as a force is applied. Although modulus may be determined at any specified force, initial modulus is the value most commonly used.5.6 Work-to-break is dependent on the relationship of force to elongation. It is a measure of the ability of a textile structure to absorb mechanical energy. Toughness at break is work-to-break per unit mass.5.7 Shape, size, and internal construction of the end-product can have appreciable effect on product performance. It is not possible, therefore, to evaluate the performance of end product in terms of the reinforcing material alone.5.8 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples should be used that are as homogeneous as possible, that are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and that are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. Other materials with established test values may be used for this purpose. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.1.1 These test methods cover the tensile testing of high performance polyethylene films. The methods include testing procedure only and include no specifications or tolerances.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.3 This standard includes the following test methods:  SectionBreaking Force 11Breaking Tenacity 12Toughness at Break 17Elongation at Break 13Force at Specified Elongation (FASE) 14Linear Density 10Modulus 15Work-to-Break 161.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers the minimum design, performance, testing, and classification requirements, and prescribes fit, function, and performance criteria for footwear designed to be worn to provide protection against a variety of workplace hazards that can potentially result in injury. It is not the intention of this specification to serve as a detailed manufacturing or purchasing specification, but can be referenced in purchase contracts to ensure that minimum performance requirements are met. Footwear conforming to this specification shall meet the performance requirements for the following: impact resistance for the toe area of footwear; compression resistance for the toe area of footwear; metatarsal protection that reduces the chance of injury to the metatarsal bones at the top of the foot; conductive properties which reduce hazards that may result from static electricity buildup, and reduce the possibility of ignition of explosives and volatile chemicals; electric shock resistance; static dissipative (SD) properties to reduce hazards due to excessively low footwear resistance that may exist where SD footwear is required; puncture resistance of footwear bottoms; chain saw cut resistance; and dielectric insulation.1.1 This specification covers minimum requirements for the performance of footwear to provide protection against a variety of workplace hazards that can potentially result in injury.1.2 This specification is not intended to serve as a detailed manufacturing or purchasing specification, but can be referenced in purchase contracts to ensure that minimum performance requirements are met.1.3 Controlled laboratory tests used to determine compliance with the performance requirements of this specification shall not be deemed as establishing performance levels for all situations to which individuals may be exposed.1.4 Any changes to the original components of safety toe footwear such as replacing or adding after market footbeds/inserts could cause failure to any or all parts of this standard rendering the ASTM marking invalid.1.5 This specification is not applicable to overshoes with safety toe caps or strap on devices with safety toes.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

定价： 481元 / 折扣价： 409 元 加购物车

定价： 501元 / 折扣价： 426 元

1.1 This specification covers minimum performance and safety requirements for EMS ground vehicles used: 1.1.1 In the transportation of the sick and injured to or from an appropriate medical facility while basic or advanced, or both, life support services are being provided, 1.1.2 In the delivery of interhospital critical transport care, 1.1.3 In the delivery of nonemergency, medically required, transport services, and 1.1.4 In the transportation and delivery of personnel and supplies essential for proper care of an emergent patient. 1.2 It includes the performance standards for necessary materials, equipment, and systems to the levels outlined in recognized standards, whether clinical or vehicular. 1.3 The document is divided into two sections. Section A describes those vehicles used primarily for responding to and for transporting and treating the patient while en route to an appropriate medical facility. Section B will be developed at a later date and will describe those vehicles primarily used for transporting the nonemergency patient, for transporting essential personnel or equipment, or both, to and from a location where emergency medical care is required, or for transporting patients in areas not accessible by ambulances described in Section A. 1.4 This document establishes criteria that shall be considered in the performance, specification, purchase and acceptance testing of ground vehicles for EMS use. 1.5 This document does not define the staffing of ground vehicles or the clinical practice of emergency medicine. 1.6 The entire document should be read before ordering an ambulance, in order to be knowledgeable of which equipment is standard, and which options are desired. Due to the variety of ambulance equipment or features, some options may be incompatible with all chassis manufacturers' models. Detailed technical information is available from the chassis manufacturers. 1.7 The sections in this specification appear in the following sequence: Section 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Materials 4 Requirements 5 General Vehicle Types and Floor Plan 5.1 Vehicle, Components, Equipment, and Accessories 5.2 Vehicle Operation, Performance, and Physical Charac- teristics 5.3 Vehicle Weight Ratings and Payload 5.4 Chassis, Engine, and Components 5.5 Electrical System and Components 5.6 Lighting, Ambulance Exterior and Interior 5.7 Cab-body Driver Compartment and Equipment 5.8 Vehicle Body and Patient Area 5.9 Storage 5.10 Oxygen and Suction Systems and Equipment 5.11 Environmental: Climatic and Noise Parameters 5.12 Communications 5.13 Preparation for Painting, Color, and Markings 5.14 Undercoating 5.15 Corrosionproofing 5.16 Markings, Data Plates, Warranty Notice, etc. 5.17 Documentation 5.18 Predelivery Inspection and Servicing 5.19 Additional Systems, Medical Equipment, Accessories, and Supplies 5.20 Quality Assurance Provisions, Inspection, and Testing 6 Responsibility for Inspection and Tests 6.1 Inspection and Testing 6.2 Certifications 6.3 "Star of Life" Certification Requirements 6.4 Tests 6.5 Appendixes Partial Listing Specialty-Type Ground Vehicles X1 Typical Storage Volumes for Interior Compartments X1.2.1 Typical Extrication Equipment Might Include X1.2.2 Prepurchase Checklist X2 Rationale X3

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定价： 345元 / 折扣价： 294 元 加购物车

5.1 End-jointed lumber studs used in fire resistance-rated assemblies shall be able to support the superimposed design load for the specified time under an elevated temperature exposure, when a wall assembly is exposed to a standard fire specified in Test Methods E119. Light-weight wood assemblies utilize gypsum wallboard or other types of membrane protection to accomplish a requisite fire resistance rating for the assembly. However, wood studs and the end joints in the studs shall resist the developed elevated temperature environment for the duration of the rating. This practice provides a method for evaluating the elevated temperature performance of an assembly constructed with end-jointed studs having fire performance comparable to an assembly constructed with solid-sawn studs.1.1 This practice is to be used to evaluate the elevated temperature performance of end-jointed lumber studs.1.2 A symmetric wall assembly containing end-jointed lumber studs is exposed to a standard fire exposure specified in Test Methods E119.1.3 End-jointed lumber studs are deemed qualified if the wall assembly resists a standard fire exposure specified in Test Methods E119 for a period of 60 min or more. Qualification of end-jointed lumber studs are restricted to the joint configuration and adhesive tested.1.4 This practice is used to evaluate the performance of end-jointed lumber studs to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment under actual fire conditions.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This specification establishes the performance requirements for exterior prime and replacement residential window assemblies, regardless of their method or materials of manufacture. These requirements are limited only to exterior prime window assemblies and does not include requirements for secondary windows or storm windows. 1.2 Although this specification establishes various levels of acceptance criteria for window assemblies, there is no intent to infer that a given window assembly or design meeting any of these levels is acceptable for use in a particular building. The loads and levels of performance to which the test specimen is subjected within this specification are physical quantities to be applied or measured during testing and do not include consideration of safety factors. 1.3 This is a developmental specification representing those parameters that are customarily used to measure the generic performance of windows. The requirements prescribed in this specification shall be supplemented by the writers of individual window specifications to take into account particular material of construction. It is the intent of Subcommittee E06.51 to expand these requirements in future revisions to cover additional parameters as applicable. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. Metric (SI) equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate. 1.5 The following hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 This practice is intended to be used by the NDT using organization to measure baseline performance of the CR system and to monitor its performance throughout its service as an NDT imaging system. For purposes of this document, the CR System is defined as:4.1.1 Storage phosphor imaging plate (IP) type and manufacturer,4.1.2 Read out unit (scanner or reader) manufacturer and model, including applicable scanner settings (for example, sampling resolution, PMT gain, pixel value (PV) look up table, etc.),4.1.3 Image acquisition and processing software, and4.1.4 Image display monitor.4.2 It is to be understood that the CR system has already been selected and purchased by the user from a manufacturer based on the inspection needs at hand. The user shall accept the CR scanner based on manufacturer’s results of Practice E2446 on the specific CR scanner as provided in a data sheet for that serialized CR scanner or other acceptance test agreed to between the user and manufacturer (not covered in this practice). This practice is not intended to be used as an “acceptance test” of the CR system, but rather to establish a performance baseline that will enable tracking while in-service.4.3 Although many of the properties listed in this standard have similar metrics to those found in Practice E2446, data collection methods are not identical, and comparisons among values acquired with each standard should not be made.4.4 This practice defines the tests to be performed and required intervals. Also defined are the methods of tabulating results that CR users will complete following the baseline of the CR system. These tests will also be performed periodically at the stated required intervals to evaluate the CR system to determine if the system remains within acceptable operational limits as established in this practice.4.5 There are several factors that affect the image quality of a CR image. Factors which are dependent on the CR system performance include basic spatial resolution, relative contrast, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) which yield the contrast sensitivity (CS) and Equivalent Penetrameter Sensitivity (EPS). There are several additional factors that are dependent on how well the CR system is functioning (that is, resulting from normal wear and tear, inadequate maintenance, improper setup/calibration, etc.), such as slippage, laser jitter, geometric distortion, etc. Other factors which are related to the specific applications (for example, geometric unsharpness, scatter, etc.) are not evaluated in these tests.1.1 This practice describes the evaluation of Computed Radiography (CR) systems for industrial radiography. It is intended to ensure that the evaluation of image quality, as far as this is influenced by the CR system, meets the needs of users of this standard, and their customers, and enables process control and long-term stability of the CR system.1.2 This practice specifies the fundamental parameters of CR systems to be measured to determine baseline performance, and to track the long term stability of the system. These tests are for applications up to 320 kV. When greater than 320 kV or when a gamma source is used, these tests may still be used to characterize a system, but may need to be modified as agreed between the user and cognizant engineering organization (CEO).1.3 The CR system performance tests specified in this practice shall be completed upon acceptance of the system from the manufacturer and at intervals specified in this practice to monitor long term stability of the system. The intent of these tests is to monitor the system performance degradation and to identify when an action needs to be taken when the system degrades by a certain level.1.4 The use of gauges provided in this standard is mandatory for each test. In the event these tests or gauges are not sufficient, the user, in coordination with the CEO shall develop additional or modified tests, test objects, gauges, or image quality indicators to evaluate the CR system. Acceptance levels for these ALTERNATE tests shall be determined by agreement between the user and CEO.1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

5.1 Dimensional measurements, properly interpreted, provide information with regard to the conductors, insulation, or jacket. The dimensional measurements provide data for research and development, engineering design, quality control, and acceptance or rejection under specifications.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the physical testing of thermoplastic insulations and jackets used on telecommunications wire and cable and the testing of physical characteristics and environmental performance properties of completed products. To determine the procedure to be used on the particular insulation or jacket or on the completed wire or cable, make reference to the specification for that product.1.2 These test methods appear in the following sections of this standard:Test Method Section(s)Dimensional Measurements of Insulations, Jackets, Miscellaneous   Cable Components, and of Completed Cable 4 – 9     Cross-sectional Areas 9     Diameters 6     Eccentricity 8     Thickness 7Physical and Environmental Tests of Insulation and Jackets 10 – 25     Aging Test (Jackets Only) 24     Cold Bend (Insulation Only) 16     Environmental Stress Crack (Polyolefin Jackets Only) 21     Heat Distortion (Jackets Only) 22     Heat Shock (Jackets Only) 23     Insulation Adhesion 19     Insulation and Jacket Shrinkback (Oven Test) 14     Insulation Compression 20     Insulation Shrinkback (Solder Test) 15     Melt Flow Rate Change—Polyolefin Materials 12     Oil Immersion Test (Jackets Only) 25     Oxygen Induction Time (Polyolefin Insulation Only) 17     Oxygen Induction Time (Cable Filling Compound Only) 18     Tensile and Elongation Tests 13Physical and Environmental Tests of Insulations and Jackets of   Completed Wire and Cable 26 – 42     Cable Torsion Test 38     Compound Flow Test (Filled Core Wire and Cable Only) 42     Corrugation Extensibility Test 36     Cable Impact Test 33     Jacket Bonding Tests 29     Jacket Notch Test 32     Jacket Peel or Pull 28     Jacket Slip Strength Test 30Procedure Section(s)     Pressure Test (Air Core Wire and Cable Only) 40     Sheath Adherence Test 31     Water Penetration Test (Filled Core Wire and Cable Only) 41     Wire and Cable Bending Test 34     Wire breaking strength 371.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard, except where only SI units are given.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statement see 19.1.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 Why This Guide Is Needed—The lack of information on economic consequences discourages the introduction of new technologies permitted under performance standards. The economic information needs are further complicated because decisions to adopt or accept a new technology are made by different types of stakeholders (for example, building materials manufacturers, home builders, and home owners). Thus, the type of economic information treated in this guide and the associated standard classifications, practices, adjuncts, and computer programs covers the information needs of the entire group of key stakeholders.4.2 Use of This Guide by Specificers and Providers—To make efficient choices, decision makers require factual information on both how a particular alternative addresses the relevant performance statements and how much it costs. The O-C-E-C framework enables the specifier to develop the performance statements that satisfy one or more user needs and incorporate them into a request for proposals. Providers respond to the request for proposals by offering designs, materials, products, components, subsystems, or systems for acceptance. Because cost is one aspect of each provider's response, the specifier has an opportunity to request information from the provider that may be used in evaluating economic performance. This guide is intended as a resource from which the specifier compiles lists of information to be collected as part of each provider's response to the request for proposals. It is also intended for use by providers in preparing their response to the specifier. The generic types of information that the specifier may request from the provider in their response to the request for proposals are described in Appendix X1 for benefits and Appendix X2 for costs. A detailed example based on the durability attribute is given in Appendix X3.4.3 Use of Economic Tools for Evaluating New Technologies—Having a package of economic tools (methods and software) that helps decision makers identify and evaluate benefits and costs when choosing between traditional alternatives and new-technology products, systems, materials, and designs will accelerate the introduction and acceptance of new technologies which are cost effective.4.4 Use of ASTM Standards on Building Economics—Standard practices for using life-cycle costing (LCC), E917, and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), E1765, to measure the economic and overall performance of investments in buildings and building systems have been published by ASTM. Two computer programs3,4 that produce economic measures consistent with these practices are available. The Building Maintenance, Repair, and Replacement Database Program and the Discount Factor Tables have been published (Adjuncts to E917) by ASTM to facilitate computing measures of performance for the LCC practice. The economic tools described in this guide apply to the evaluation of all the building elements as described in the series of performance standard guides as well as in the UNIFORMAT II elemental Classification E1557.4.5 Features and Limitations of Economic Tools—For a description of how to calculate the economic measures, how to interpret them, and their limitations, see Practice E917 for the LCC method and Practice E1765 for the AHP method.1.1 What This Guide Does—This guide helps designers, builders, home owners, and other stakeholders to identify and evaluate benefits and costs in order to make efficient choices between two or more traditional alternatives and between traditional alternatives and new-technology products, systems, materials, and designs. It directs the users to ASTM classifications, practices, adjuncts, and computer programs that implement the appropriate economic method to evaluate these benefits and costs in making technology choices. The focus, however, is on a nine-step process for using two ASTM practices—life-cycle costing (LCC), E917, and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), E1765—to measure and evaluate the economic and overall performance of investments in single-family attached and detached dwellings. This guide contains three appendixes. The first two are designed to help users identify and evaluate benefits and costs. Appendix X1 contains a classification of benefits and a methodology for estimating these benefits. Appendix X2 contains a classification of costs and a methodology for estimating these costs. Appendix X3 illustrates how to evaluate the economic performance of three alternative carpet materials, two traditional products and a new-technology product, when considering the guide for durability.1.2 Purpose of This Guide—The purpose of this guide is to help users make cost-effective choices between traditional alternatives and new technologies permitted under performance standards. This guide (1) explains how the lack of economic information discourages the introduction of new technologies; (2) helps decision makers to identify and classify the key types of benefits and costs associated with both new technologies and traditional alternatives; (3) shows how to select alternatives that meet the performance standards, but cost less than traditional alternatives; and (4) shows how to incorporate nonfinancial information into the decision-making process, enabling performance to be defined and using costs and other criteria.1.3 Relationship of This Guide to Other Performance Standards Guides—In this guide, economic analysis is used to evaluate and compare the economic performance of traditional alternatives and new technologies permitted under performance standards for single-family attached and detached dwellings. Use this economic analysis guide in evaluating alternatives permitted under any of the other 15 performance attributes, either singly or in combination. The objective of economic analysis in this guide is to identify cost-effective choices among traditional alternatives and new technologies permitted under performance standards. The other 15 performance attributes define the scope of the economic analysis. That is, cost-effectiveness derives from better economic value while providing comparable or better technical performance for each attribute's O-C-E-C performance statements. Consequently, to evaluate the economic performance of alternative residential designs, materials, products, components, subsystems, or systems permitted under performance standards, the user of this guide must first select one or more attributes, use the O-C-E-C framework to develop and present the corresponding performance statements, and identify the alternatives to be evaluated. Appendix X3, for example, evaluates carpeting with respect to the durability attribute and the economics attribute.

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This guide covers the selection and use of test methods for high-performance interior architectural wall coatings (HIPAC) designed for wall surfaces of steel, masonry (poured concrete, concrete block, or cinder block), and plaster or gypsum wallboard. HIPAC are tough, extra-durable organic coating systems applied as continuous (seamless) film and cure to a hard finish. HIPAC are not usually intended for ceilings and floors, and would not ordinarily be used in homes. The types of resin ordinarily used are epoxy-polyamide, two-package; polyester-epoxy, twopackage; and polyurethane, one-package or two-package. Practical requirements for HIPAC vary with substrate type and climate conditions. The tests for measuring the properties enumerated below are detailed. Liquid coating properties include: (1) skinning, (2) condition in container, (3) coarse particles and foreign matter, (4) density or weight per gallon, (5) fineness of dispersion, (6) odor, (7) flash point, (8) dilution stability, (9) volatile content, (10) free diisocyanate content, and (11) package stability. Coating application and film formation properties include: (1) brush, roller, and spray application properties, (2) rheological properties, (3) curing, (4) wet-film thickness, and (5) touch-up uniformity. Dry coating appearance includes: (1) color difference, (2) directional reference, (3) gloss, (4) hiding power, and (5) yellowness index. Dry coating properties include: (1) abrasion resistance, (2) adhesion, (3) impact resistance, (4) chemical resistance, (5) washability and cleansability, (6) mildew resistance, (7) perspiration resistance, (8) heat and cold resistance, (9) heat and humidity resistance, (10) fire hazards, and (11) dry-film thickness.1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of test methods for high-performance interior architectural wall coatings (HIPAC) that differ from more conventional coatings by being tougher, more stain-resistant, more abrasion-resistant and, ordinarily, designed to be applied to wall surfaces of steel, masonry (poured concrete, concrete block, or cinder block), and plaster or gypsum wallboard. The tests that are listed in Table 1 and Table 2 are designed to measure performance properties. These tests may not all be required for each HIPAC system. Selection of the test methods to be followed must be governed by experience and the requirements in each individual case, together with agreement between the purchaser and the seller.1.2 High-performance architectural coatings are tough, extra-durable organic coating systems that are applied as a continuous (seamless) film and cure to a hard finish. The finish can be high gloss, semigloss, or low gloss as desired. These coatings are resistant to persistent heat, humidity, abrasion, staining, chemicals, and fungus growth. They are used in areas where humidity, wear, or unusual chemical resistance requirements, particularly to soiling, are required and where strong detergents are used to maintain sanitary conditions. Halls and stairways in public buildings, lavatories, stall showers, locker areas, animal pens, and biological laboratories are typical applications. In addition, food processing plants, dairies, restaurants, schools, and transport terminals frequently use HIPAC systems. These are effective in many areas of building interiors compared with tile and are of low materials and maintenance costs. They are used as a complete system only as recommended by the manufacturer since the individual coats in a system are formulated to be compatible with each other. HIPAC systems should be applied only to properly prepared surfaces such as steel or masonry, including cinder blocks and cement blocks. They can be applied over plaster and gypsum wallboard. Ordinarily, a prime or fill coat, if required, is part of the system.1.3 While they are excellent for walls, HIPAC are not usually intended for ceilings and floors. They would not ordinarily be used in homes, although parents with small children might want to use HIPAC coatings on some walls.1.4 The types of resin ordinarily used are the following: epoxy-polyamide, two-package; polyester-epoxy, two-package; polyurethane, one-package or two-package. However, other resin types are not excluded provided they can meet the requirements (performance specifications) laid down by the purchaser.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see the note in 7.6.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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