5.1 Activated carbons used in gas-phase adsorption may be subjected to heating, either from heat applied externally to the carbon bed, or heat generated by radioactive4 contaminants, or by the adsorption process itself. If the application of heat is sudden, or if no ample means to conduct the heat from the carbon bed exists, the carbon bed may ignite. This test method provides a controlled laboratory test to determine the temperatures at which such ignition occurs. As stated in 1.2, this does not necessarily give the temperature at which ignition will occur under a specific bed operating condition. This test method does, however, allow some ranking of carbons with regard to ignition temperature, and is a useful quality control method for unused carbons.1.1 This test method covers the determination of reference ignition temperature of granular activated carbon in flowing air. This test method provides a basis for comparing the ignition characteristics of different carbons, or the change in ignition characteristics of the same carbon after a period of service.1.2 The ignition temperature, as determined by this test method, cannot be interpreted as the probable ignition temperature of the same carbon under the operating conditions of a specific application unless those conditions are essentially the same as those in this test method.2 If it is desired to determine the ignition temperature of the carbon under a specific set of operating conditions, the test may be modified to simulate such conditions, taking into consideration the following variables: (1) air flow rate; (2) moisture content of the carbon; (3) bed depth; (4) relative humidity of the air stream; (5) heating rate; (6) contaminants (for example, hydrocarbons, etc.) in the air stream; and (7) contaminants that may have been adsorbed by the carbon under prior service conditions.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This practice applies to the blending of automotive spark-ignition engine fuels with ethanol concentrations greater than those suitable for conventional-fuel vehicles and less than the minimum ethanol content specification limits of Specification D5798. These mid-level ethanol fuel blends are for use in flexible-fuel vehicles and are sometimes referred to at retail as “Ethanol Flex Fuel.”1.2 These mid-level ethanol fuel blends are only suitable for use in ground flexible-fuel vehicles equipped with spark-ignition engines. Flexible-fuel vehicles are designed to operate on gasoline or gasoline-ethanol blends that meet the requirements of Specification D4814, ethanol fuel blends that meet the requirements of Specification D5798, or any combination of these. In the United States, these vehicles are certified by the U.S. EPA as emissions compliant with these types of fuels.1.3 The mid-level ethanol fuel blend shall be blended from either:1.3.1 Denatured fuel ethanol conforming to the requirements of Specification D4806 with a reduced limit on inorganic chloride content that will ensure no more than 1 mg/kg inorganic chloride in the finished fuel and from spark-ignition engine fuel conforming to Specification D4814 (often at a distribution terminal or bulk plant), or1.3.2 Ethanol fuel blends conforming to Specification D5798 and from spark-ignition engine fuel conforming to Specification D4814 (often at a retail site).1.4 This practice describes the required procedures for blending various mid-level ethanol fuel blends for flexible-fuel vehicles at the bulk distribution point or retail/commercial delivery site. These requirements may be applied at other points in the production and distribution system when provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The determination of class group composition of automotive spark-ignition fuels as well as quantification of various individual species such as oxygenates and aromatics in automotive fuels is useful for evaluating quality and expected performance, as well as compliance with various governmental regulations.1.1 This test method is a standard procedure for the determination in percent mass or percent volume of hydrocarbon group types (paraffins, isoparaffins, olefins, naphthenes, aromatics), methanol, ethanol, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, naphthalene, and methylnaphthalenes in automotive spark-ignition engine fuels using gas chromatography and vacuum ultraviolet detection (GC-VUV).1.1.1 The concentration ranges for which precision has been determined are as follows:Property Units Applicable RangeParaffins % Volume 3.572 to 23.105Isoparaffins % Volume 22.697 to 71.993Olefins % Volume 0.011 to 44.002Olefins % Mass 0.027 to 41.954Naphthenes % Volume 0.606 to 18.416Aromatics % Volume 14.743 to 58.124Methanol % Volume 0.063 to 3.426Ethanol % Mass 0.042 to 15.991Benzene % Volume 0.09 to 1.091Toluene % Volume 0.698 to 31.377Ethylbenzene % Volume 0.5 to 3.175Xylenes % Volume 3.037 to 18.955Naphthalene % Volume 0.019 to 0.779Methylnaphthalenes % Volume 0.21 to 1.4841.1.2 This test method may be applicable to other concentration ranges, to other properties, or to other hydrocarbon streams, however precision has not been determined.1.2 Individual hydrocarbon components are typically not baseline-separated by the procedure described in this test method, that is, some components will coelute. The coelutions are resolved at the detector using VUV absorbance spectra and deconvolution algorithms.1.3 While this test method reports percent mass and percent volume for several specific components that may be present in automotive spark-ignition engine fuel, it does not attempt to speciate all possible components that may occur in automotive spark-ignition engine fuel. In particular, this test method is not intended as a type of detailed hydrocarbon analysis (DHA).1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See specific hazard statements in subsection 8.4 and Section 9.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 During operation of electrical equipment, including wires, resistors, and other conductors, it is possible for overheating to occur under certain conditions of operation, or when malfunctions occur. When this happens, a possible result is ignition of the adjacent insulation material.5.2 This test method assesses the susceptibility of electrical insulating materials to ignition as a result of exposure to a glowing wire.5.3 This test method determines the minimum temperature required to ignite a material by the effect of a glowing heat source, under the specified conditions of test.5.4 This method is suitable, subject to the appropriate limitations of an expected precision of ±15 %, to categorize materials.5.5 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this test to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposure conditions described in this procedure.1.1 This test method covers the minimum temperature required to ignite insulating materials using a glowing heat source. In a preliminary fashion, this test method differentiates between the susceptibilities of different materials with respect to their resistance to ignition due to an electrically-heated source.1.2 This test method applies to molded or sheet materials available in thicknesses ranging from 0.25 mm to 6.4 mm.1.3 This test method is not valid for determining the ignition behavior of complete electrotechnical equipment, since the design of the electrotechnical product influences the heat transfer between adjacent parts.1.4 This test method measures and describes the response or materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. (See IEEE/ASTM SI-10 for further details.)For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.1.7 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.NOTE 1: Although this test method and IEC 60695-2-12 differ in approach and in detail, data obtained to determine the glow-wire flammability index (GWFI) using either test method are technically similar. Although this test method and IEC 60695-2-13 differ in approach and in detail, data obtained to determine the glow-wire ignition temperature (GWIT) using either test method are technically similar.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is used to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection of engines against bearing weight loss.5.2 This test method is also used to evaluate the SIG capabilities of multiviscosity-graded oils.5.3 Correlation of test results with those obtained in automotive service has not been established.5.4 Use—The Sequence VIII test method is useful for engine oil specification acceptance. It is used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following:5.4.1 Specification D4485.5.4.2 API Publication 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System.65.4.3 SAE Classification J304.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of automotive engine oils (SAE grades 0W, 5W, 10W, 20, 30, 40, and 50, and multi-viscosity grades) intended for use in spark-ignition gasoline engines. The test procedure is conducted using a carbureted, spark-ignition Cooperative Lubrication Research (CLR) Oil Test Engine (also referred to as the Sequence VIII test engine in this test method) run on unleaded fuel. An oil is evaluated for its ability to protect the engine and the oil from deterioration under high-temperature and severe service conditions. The test method can also be used to evaluate the viscosity stability of multi-viscosity-graded oils. Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in the latest revision of Specification D4485.1.2 Correlation of test results with those obtained in automotive service has not been established. Furthermore, the results obtained in this test are not necessarily indicative of results that will be obtained in a full-scale automotive spark-ignition or compression-ignition engine, or in an engine operated under conditions different from those of the test. The test can be used to compare one oil with another.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3.1 Exceptions—The values stated in inch-pounds for certain tube measurements, screw thread specifications, and sole source supply equipment are to be regarded as standard.1.3.1.1 The bearing wear in the text is measured in grams and described as weight loss, a non-SI term.1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject SectionIntroduction   1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4  Before Test Starts 4.1  Power Section Installation 4.2  Engine Operation (Break-in) 4.3  Engine Operation (Test/Samples) 4.4  Stripped Viscosity 4.5  Test Completion (BWL) 4.6 5  Evaluation of Automotive oils 5.1  Stay in Grade Capabilities 5.2  Correlation of Results 5.3  Use 5.4Apparatus 6  Test Engineering, Inc. 6.1  Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items 6.2  Instruments and Controls 6.3  Procurement of Parts 6.4Reagents and Materials 7  Reagents 7.1  Cleaning Materials 7.2  Expendable Power Section-Related Items 7.3  Power Section Coolant 7.4  Reference Oils 7.5  Test Fuel 7.6Test Oil Sample Requirements 8  Selection 8.1  Inspection 8.2  Quantity 8.3Preparation of Apparatus 9  Test Stand Preparation 9.1  Conditioning Test Run on Power Section 9.2  General Power Section Rebuild Instructions 9.3  Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test 9.4Calibration 10  Power Section and Test Stand Calibration 10.1  Instrumentation Calibration 10.2  Calibration of AFR Measurement Equipment 10.3  Calibration of Torque Wrenches 10.4Engine Operating Procedure 11  Run-In and Flush 11.1  Test Operating Conditions 11.2  Air-Fuel Ratio and Spark Advance 11.3  Air, Off-Gas and Blowby Measurement 11.4  Unscheduled Shutdowns 11.5  Oil Sampling and Oil Addition 11.6  Periodic Measurements 11.7  Final Oil Drain and Oil Consumption Computation 11.8  Operational Validity Criteria 11.9  Test Completion 11.10Determination of Test Results 12  Oil Analysis 12.1  Test Bearing Weight Loss Determination 12.2Report 13Precision and Bias 14  Precision 14.1  Bias 14.2Use of ASTM Rounding 15Keywords 16ANNEXESASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization Annex A1ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4Measurement of Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance andJournal Taper Annex A5Measurement of Main Bearing Clearance Annex A6Measurement of Piston-to-Sleeve Clearance Annex A7Control Chart Technique for a Laboratory's SeverityAdjustment (SA) Annex A8Recommended New Liner Honing Procedure Annex A9Sequence VIII Oil Priming Procedure Annex A10Alternative Crankcase Breather Configuration Annex A11Connecting Rod Bearing Cleaning Procedure Annex A12Electronic Ignition Conversion Annex A13System Response Procedure Annex A14Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement Annex A15Lead Decontamination Procedure Annex A16Crankshaft Rear Seal Conditioning Annex A17Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A18Stay-in-Grade Oil Analysis Procedure Annex A19APPENDIXESSuggested Method for Salvaging Camshaft Bearing Journals Appendix X1Data Log Sheets Appendix X21.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are provided throughout this test method.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection against oil thickening and engine wear during moderately high-speed, high-temperature service.5.2 The increase in oil viscosity obtained in this test method indicates the tendency of an oil to thicken because of oxidation. In automotive service, such thickening can cause oil pump starvation and resultant catastrophic engine failures.5.3 The deposit ratings for an oil indicate the tendency for the formation of deposits throughout the engine, including those that can cause sticking of the piston rings in their grooves. This can be involved in the loss of compression pressures in the engine.5.4 The camshaft and lifter wear values obtained in this test method provide a measure of the anti-wear quality of an oil under conditions of high unit pressure mechanical contact.5.5 The test method was developed to correlate with oils of known good and poor protection against oil thickening and engine wear. Specially formulated oils that produce less than desirable results with unleaded fuels were also used during the development of this test method.5.6 The Sequence IIIF engine oil test has replaced the Sequence IIIE test and can be used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as:5.6.1 Specification D4485,5.6.2 Military Specification MIL-PRF-2104, and5.6.3 SAE Classification J183.1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, as well as in diesel engines.NOTE 1: Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 Exceptions—The values stated in inches for ring gap measurements are to be regarded as standard, and where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or single source supply equipment specifications.1.3 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject Section 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4 5Apparatus 6 Laboratory 6.1 Drawings 6.2 Specified Equipment 6.3 Test Engine 6.4  Engine Parts 6.4.1 Engine Speed and Torque Control 6.5 Sequence IIIF Fluid Conditioning Module 6.6  Engine Cooling System 6.6.1 Flushing Tank 6.7 Coolant Mixing Tank 6.8 Condenser Cooling Systems 6.9 Engine Oil-Cooling System 6.10 Fuel System 6.11 Induction Air Supply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure 6.12 Temperature Measurement 6.13  Thermocouple Location 6.13.1 Air-to-Fuel Ratio Determination 6.14  Injector Flow Testing 6.14.1 Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.15 Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 6.16 Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Location 6.17Reagents and Materials 7 Test Fuel 7.1 Engine and Condenser Coolant 7.2 Coolant Additive 7.3 Coolant Preparation 7.4 Pre-Test Cleaning Materials 7.5 Sealing and Anti-seize Compounds 7.6Test Oil Sample Requirements 8Preparation of Apparatus 9 Condenser Cleaning 9.1 Intake Manifold Cleaning 9.3 Cleaning of Engine Parts (other than the block and heads) 9.4 Engine Block Cleaning 9.5 Cylinder Head Cleaning 9.6 Engine Build-up Procedure 9.7  General Information 9.7.1  Special Parts 9.7.2  Hardware Information 9.7.3  Fastener Torque Specifications and Torquing Procedures 9.7.4 Parts Replacement 9.8 Engine Block Preparation 9.9 Piston Fitting and Numbering 9.10  Piston Ring Fitting 9.10.1 Pre-Test Camshaft and Lifter Measurements 9.11 Camshaft Bearing Installation 9.12 Camshaft Installation 9.13 Main Bearings 9.14  Crankshaft Installation 9.14.1  Main Bearing Cap Installation 9.14.2 Crankshaft Sprocket 9.15 Camshaft Sprocket and Timing Chain 9.16 Crankshaft End Play 9.17 Piston Pin Installation 9.18  Piston Installation 9.18.1 Harmonic Balancer 9.19 Connecting Rod Bearings 9.20 Engine Front Cover 9.21 Coolant Inlet Adapter 9.22 Oil Dipstick Hole 9.23 Oil Pan 9.24 Cylinder Head Assembly 9.25 Adjustment of Valve Spring Forces 9.26 Cylinder Head Installation 9.27 Hydraulic Valve Lifters 9.28 Pushrods 9.29 Valve Train Loading 9.30 Intake Manifold 9.31 Rocker Covers 9.32 Water Inlet Adapter 9.33 Condenser 9.34 Coolant Outlet Adapter 9.35 External Oil Cooling System 9.36 Oil Sample Valve 9.37 Ignition System 9.38 Throttle Body 9.39 Accessory Drive Units 9.40 Exhaust Manifolds, Water-Cooled 9.41 Engine Flywheel 9.42 Pressure Checking of Engine Coolant System 9.43 Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.44 Mounting the Engine on the Test Stand 9.45 External Cooling System Cleaning 9.46 Engine Coolant Jacket Cleaning (Flushing) 9.47 Coolant Charging 9.48 Test Oil Charging 9.49 Engine Oil Pump Priming 9.50Calibration 10 Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration 10.1 Testing of Reference Oils 10.2 Reference Oil Test Frequency 10.3 Evaluation of Reference Oil Test Results 10.4 Status of Non-Reference Oil Tests Relative to Reference  Oil Test 10.5 Status of Test Stands Used for Non-Standard Tests 10.6 Data Acquisition and Control 10.7  Sample Rate 10.7.1  Measurement Accuracy 10.7.2  Temperature 10.7.3  Pressure 10.7.4  Flow 10.7.5  Speed 10.7.6  Mass 10.7.7  Measurement Resolution 10.7.8  System Time Response 10.7.9  Quality Index 10.7.10Engine Operating Procedure 11 Dipstick and Hole Plug 11.1 Dipstick Hole O-ring 11.2 Engine Start-up and Shutdown Procedures 11.3 Start-up 11.4 Scheduled Shutdown 11.5 Non-Scheduled Shutdowns 11.6 Oil Sampling 11.7 Oil Leveling 11.8 Air-to-Fuel-Ratio Measurement and Control 11.9 Air-to-Fuel Ratio Verification 11.10 Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 11.11 NOx Determinations 11.12 Data Recording 11.13 Initial Run (10 min) 11.14 Engine Oil Quality Testing (80 h) 11.15 Test Termination 11.16Determination of Test Results 12 Engine Disassembly 12.2 Preparation of Parts for Rating of Sticking, Deposits,  and Plugging 12.3 Piston Deposit Ratings 12.4 Post-Test Camshaft and Lifter Wear Measurements 12.5 End-of Test Used Oil Sample Testing 12.6 Viscosity Test 12.7 Testing Oil Samples for Wear Metals 12.8 Blowby Flow Rate Measurements 12.9 Oil Consumption Computation 12.10 Photographs of Test Parts 12.11 Retention of Representative Test Parts 12.12 Severity Adjustments 12.13 Determination of Operational Validity 12.14Report 13 Report Forms 13.1 Precision of Reported Units 13.4 Deviations from Test Operational Limits 13.3Precision and Bias 14Keywords 15Annexes  ASTM Test Monitoring Center – Organization Annex A1ASTM Test Monitoring Center – Calibration Procedures Annex A2ASTM Test Monitoring Center – Maintenance Activities Annex A3ASTM Test Monitoring Center – Related Information Annex A4Sequence IIIF Test Parts Replacement Guidelines Annex A5Sequence IIIF Determination Volume of Engine Oil in Pan Annex A6Sequence IIIF Test Fuel Analysis Annex A7Sequence IIIF Test Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A8Sequence IIIF Test Air-to-Fuel Ratio Control Flow Chart Annex A9Sequence IIIF Test Set Points and Control States Annex A10Sequence IIIF Quality Index Upper and Lower Values Annex A11Sequence IIIF Engine Oil Level Worksheet Annex A12Engine Build Worksheets Annex A13Blowby Flow Rate Determination Annex A14Safety Precautions Annex A15Sequence IIIF Blueprint Listing Annex A16Fluid Conditioning Module Components Annex A17Engine Oil Cooling System Configuration Annex A18Guidelines For Hardware Subject To First-In/First-Out Criteria Annex A19Appendixes  Sequence IIIFHD Test Procedure Appendix X1Sequence IIIFVIS Test Procedure Appendix X21.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 918元 / 折扣价： 781 元 加购物车

5.1 The induction period may be used as an indication of the oxidation and storage stability of spark ignition fuel.5.2 Compared to some other oxidation and storage stability test methods, this test method uses a small sample and gives a result in a short time period.1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the stability of spark ignition fuel, including those containing alcohols or other oxygenates, under accelerated oxidation conditions, by an automatic instrument (Warning—This test method is not intended for determining the stability of gasoline components, particularly those with a high percentage of low boiling unsaturated compounds, as these can cause explosive conditions with the apparatus.2)1.2 This test method measures the induction period, under specified conditions, which can be used as an indication of the oxidation and storage stability of spark ignition fuel.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers the performance requirements for a high octane number test fuel suitable for spark-ignition engines to be used in ground vehicles that will require 100 research octane number (RON) minimum rated fuel. The fuels described by this specification are intended for developing technologies that lead to reduced vehicle energy consumption, such as higher compression ratio, higher power density, increased turbocharger boost pressure, smaller swept displacement volume, and operation at lower engine speeds. These fuels may contain oxygenates, such as alcohols and ethers, up to 50% by volume, and both fossil and bio-derived components.This specification prescribes the vapor pressure and distillation requirements as well as the oxygenate blendstock requirements for a high octane number test fuel. It also covers the ordering information, test methods, workmanship, sampling, containers, and sample handling.1.1 This specification covers the requirements of a high octane number test fuel suitable for spark-ignition engines to be utilized in ground vehicles that will require 100 research octane number (RON) minimum rated fuel.1.1.1 The fuels described by this specification are intended for developing technologies that lead to reduced vehicle energy consumption, such as higher compression ratio, higher power density, increased turbocharger boost pressure, smaller swept displacement volume, and operation at lower engine speeds.1.1.2 The fuels described in this test fuel specification may not meet all of the performance or regulatory requirements for use in vehicles using commercial gasoline.1.2 The fuels covered in this specification may contain oxygenates, such as alcohols and ethers, up to 50 % by volume. This specification covers fuels that may contain both fossil and bio-derived components.1.3 This specification provides a description of high RON test fuel for automotive spark-ignition engines that are not currently in the marketplace but are being developed and require a defined standard test fuel. The high RON fuel could become available in the marketplace if/when such engines are introduced in commerce. The specification is under continuous review, which can result in revisions based on changes in fuel, automotive requirements, or test methods, or a combination thereof. All users of this specification, therefore, should refer to the latest edition.NOTE 1: If there is any doubt as to the latest edition of Specification D8076, contact ASTM International Headquarters.1.4 The values stated in SI units are the standard.1.4.1 Exception—Non-SI values are provided for information only. U.S. federal regulations frequently specify non-SI units.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Test Method—The Coordinating Research Council sponsored testing to develop this test method to evaluate a fuel's tendency to form intake valve deposits.5.1.1 State and Federal Legislative and Regulatory Action—Regulatory action by California Air Resources Board (CARB)9 and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)10 necessitate the acceptance of a standardized test method to evaluate the intake system deposit forming tendency of an automotive spark-ignition engine fuel.5.1.2 Relevance of Results—The operating conditions and design of the engine used in this test method are not representative of all engines. These factors shall be considered when interpreting test results.5.2 Test Validity: 5.2.1 Procedural Compliance—The test results are not considered valid unless the test is completed in compliance with all requirements of this test method. Deviations from the parameter limits presented in Sections 12 – 14 will result in an invalid test. Apply engineering judgment during conduct of the test method when assessing any anomalies to ensure validity of the test results.5.2.2 Engine Compliance—A test is not considered valid unless the test engine meets the quality control inspection requirements as described in Sections 10 and 12.1.1 This test method covers an engine dynamometer test procedure for evaluation of intake valve deposit formation of unleaded spark-ignition engine fuels.2 This test method uses a Ford Ranger 2.3 L four-cylinder engine. This test method includes detailed information regarding the procedure, hardware, and operations.1.2 The ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)3 is responsible for engine test stand calibration as well as issuance of information letters after test method modifications are approved by Subcommittee D02.A0 and Committee D02. Users of this test method shall request copies of recent information letters from the TMC to ensure proper conduct of the test method.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given throughout this test method.1.5 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject Section 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4 5Apparatus 6 Laboratory Facilities 6.1 Engine and Cylinder Head Build-Up and Measurement Area 6.1.1 Engine Operating Area 6.1.2 Fuel Injector Testing Area 6.1.3 Intake Valve Rinsing and Parts Cleaning Area 6.1.4 Parts Rating and Intake Valve Weighing Area 6.1.5 Test Stand Laboratory Equipment 6.2 Test Stand Configuration 6.2.1 Dynamometer Speed and Load Control System 6.2.2 Intake Air Supply System 6.2.3 Exhaust System 6.2.4 Fuel Supply System 6.2.5 Engine Control Calibration 6.2.6 Ignition System 6.2.7 Engine Coolant System 6.2.8 External Oil System 6.2.9 Temperature Measurement Equipment and Locations 6.2.10 Pressure Measurement Equipment and Locations 6.2.11 Flow Measurement Equipment and Locations 6.2.12 Speed and Load Measurement Equipment and Locations 6.2.13 Exhaust Emissions Measurement Equipment and Location 6.2.14 DPFE (EGR) Voltage Measurement Equipment and Location 6.2.15 Ignition Timing Measurement Equipment and Location 6.2.16 Test Engine Hardware 6.3 Test Engine Parts 6.3.1 New Parts Required 6.3.2 Reusable Engine Parts 6.3.3 Special Measurement and Assembly Equipment 6.4Reagents and Materials 7Hazards 8Reference Fuel 9Preparation of Apparatus 10 Test Stand Preparation 10.1 Engine Block Preparation 10.2 Preparation of Miscellaneous Engine Components 10.3 Cylinder Head Preparation 10.4 Cylinder Head Assembly 10.5 Cylinder Head Installation 10.6 Final Engine Assembly 10.7Calibration 11 Test Stand Calibration 11.1 Instrumentation Calibration 11.2Procedure 12 Pretest Procedure 12.1 Engine Operating Procedure 12.2 Periodic Measurements and Functions 12.3 End of Test Procedures 12.4Determination of Test Results 13 Post-Test Intake Valve Weighing Procedure 13.1 Photographs of Parts—General 13.2 Induction System Rating 13.3 Determination of Test Validity-Engine Conformance 13.4Report 14Precision and Bias 15Keywords 16Annexes  Detailed Specifications and Photographs of Apparatus Annex A1Engine Part Number Listing Annex A2Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviation Annex A31.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for the measurement of the effects of automotive engine oils on the fuel economy of passenger cars and light-duty 3856 kg (8500 lb), or less, gross vehicle weight trucks. The tests are conducted using a specified 4.6-L spark-ignition engine on a dynamometer test stand. It applies to multiviscosity grade oils used in these applications. Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in the latest revision of Specification D4485.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or other units shall be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are stated first with the other units shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.1.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject SectionIntroduction 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General 6.1Test Engine Configuration 6.2Laboratory Ambient Conditions 6.3Engine Speed and Load Control 6.4Engine Cooling System 6.5External Oil System 6.6Fuel System 6.7Engine Intake Air Supply 6.8Temperature Measurement 6.9AFR Determination 6.10Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.11Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Locations 6.12Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus 6.13Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to Engine Operation 6.14Reagents and Materials 7Engine Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Sealing Compounds 7.5Preparation of Apparatus 8Test Stand Preparation 8.2Engine Preparation 9Cleaning of Engine Parts 9.2Engine Assembly Procedure 9.3General Assembly Instructions 9.3.1Bolt Torque Specifications 9.3.2Sealing Compounds 9.3.3New Parts Required for Each New Engine 9.3.4Harmonic Balancer 9.3.5Oil Pan 9.3.6Intake Manifold 9.3.7Camshaft Covers 9.3.8Thermostat 9.3.9Thermostat Housing 9.3.10Coolant Inlet 9.3.11Oil Filter Adapter 9.3.12Dipstick Tube 9.3.13Water Pump 9.3.14Sensors, Switches, Valves, and Positioners 9.3.15Ignition System 9.3.16Fuel Injection System 9.3.17Intake Air System 9.3.18Engine Management System (Spark and Fuel Control) 9.3.19Accessory Drive Units 9.3.20Exhaust Manifolds 9.3.21Engine Flywheel and Guards 9.3.22Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.3.23Engine Mounts 9.3.24Calibration 10BC Pre-Test Verification 10.1Engine/Test Stand Calibration 10.2Procedure 10.2.1Reporting of Reference Results 10.2.2Analysis of Reference Oils 10.2.3Flush Effectiveness Demonstration 10.2.4Instrument Calibration 10.3Engine Load Measurement System 10.3.1Fuel Flow Measurement System 10.3.2Coolant Flow Measurement System 10.3.3Thermocouple and Temperature Measurement System 10.3.4Humidity Measurement System 10.3.5Other Instrumentation 10.3.6Test Procedure 11Preparation for Initial Start-Up of New Engine 11.1Initial Engine Start-Up 11.2Coolant Flush 11.3New Engine Break-In 11.4Routine Test Operation 11.5Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures 11.5.8Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures 11.5.9Test Operating Stages 11.5.10Stabilization to Stage Conditions 11.5.11Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle 11.5.12Data Logging 11.5.13BC Oil Flush Procedure for BC Oil Before Test Oil 11.5.14BSFC Measurement of BC Oil Before Test Oil 11.5.15Test Oil Flush Procedure 11.5.16Test Oil Aging 11.5.17BSFC Measurement of Aged Test Oil 11.5.18BC Oil Flush Procedure for BC Oil After Test Oil 11.5.19BSFC Measurement for BC Oil After Test Oil 11.5.20General Test Data Logging Forms 11.5.21Diagnostic Review Procedures 11.5.22Determination of Test Results 12Final Test Report 13Validity Statement 13.1Report Format 13.2Precision, Validity, and Bias 14Precision 14.1Validity 14.2Test Stand Calibration Status 14.2.1Validity Interpretation of Deviant Operational Conditions 14.2.2Keywords 15ANNEXESRole of ASTM Test Monitoring Center Annex A1Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus Annex A2Oil Heater Cerrobase Refill Procedure Annex A3Engine Part Number Listing Annex A4Flying Flush Checklists Annex A5Safety Precautions Annex A6Report Format Annex A7Control Chart Technique for Stand/Engine Severity Adjustment (SA) Annex A8Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviation Annex A9Fuel Injector Evaluation Annex A10Pre-test Maintenance Checklist Annex A11APPENDIXESProcurement of Test Materials Appendix X1Data Dictionary Appendix X2

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