5.1 Test Method—The Coordinating Research Council sponsored testing to develop this test method to evaluate a fuel's tendency to form intake valve deposits.5.1.1 State and Federal Legislative and Regulatory Action—Regulatory action by California Air Resources Board (CARB)9 and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)10 necessitate the acceptance of a standardized test method to evaluate the intake system deposit forming tendency of an automotive spark-ignition engine fuel.5.1.2 Relevance of Results—The operating conditions and design of the engine used in this test method are not representative of all engines. These factors shall be considered when interpreting test results.5.2 Test Validity: 5.2.1 Procedural Compliance—The test results are not considered valid unless the test is completed in compliance with all requirements of this test method. Deviations from the parameter limits presented in Sections 12 – 14 will result in an invalid test. Apply engineering judgment during conduct of the test method when assessing any anomalies to ensure validity of the test results.5.2.2 Engine Compliance—A test is not considered valid unless the test engine meets the quality control inspection requirements as described in Sections 10 and 12.1.1 This test method covers an engine dynamometer test procedure for evaluation of intake valve deposit formation of unleaded spark-ignition engine fuels.2 This test method uses a Ford Ranger 2.3 L four-cylinder engine. This test method includes detailed information regarding the procedure, hardware, and operations.1.2 The ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)3 is responsible for engine test stand calibration as well as issuance of information letters after test method modifications are approved by Subcommittee D02.A0 and Committee D02. Users of this test method shall request copies of recent information letters from the TMC to ensure proper conduct of the test method.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given throughout this test method.1.5 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject Section 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4 5Apparatus 6 Laboratory Facilities 6.1 Engine and Cylinder Head Build-Up and Measurement Area 6.1.1 Engine Operating Area 6.1.2 Fuel Injector Testing Area 6.1.3 Intake Valve Rinsing and Parts Cleaning Area 6.1.4 Parts Rating and Intake Valve Weighing Area 6.1.5 Test Stand Laboratory Equipment 6.2 Test Stand Configuration 6.2.1 Dynamometer Speed and Load Control System 6.2.2 Intake Air Supply System 6.2.3 Exhaust System 6.2.4 Fuel Supply System 6.2.5 Engine Control Calibration 6.2.6 Ignition System 6.2.7 Engine Coolant System 6.2.8 External Oil System 6.2.9 Temperature Measurement Equipment and Locations 6.2.10 Pressure Measurement Equipment and Locations 6.2.11 Flow Measurement Equipment and Locations 6.2.12 Speed and Load Measurement Equipment and Locations 6.2.13 Exhaust Emissions Measurement Equipment and Location 6.2.14 DPFE (EGR) Voltage Measurement Equipment and Location 6.2.15 Ignition Timing Measurement Equipment and Location 6.2.16 Test Engine Hardware 6.3 Test Engine Parts 6.3.1 New Parts Required 6.3.2 Reusable Engine Parts 6.3.3 Special Measurement and Assembly Equipment 6.4Reagents and Materials 7Hazards 8Reference Fuel 9Preparation of Apparatus 10 Test Stand Preparation 10.1 Engine Block Preparation 10.2 Preparation of Miscellaneous Engine Components 10.3 Cylinder Head Preparation 10.4 Cylinder Head Assembly 10.5 Cylinder Head Installation 10.6 Final Engine Assembly 10.7Calibration 11 Test Stand Calibration 11.1 Instrumentation Calibration 11.2Procedure 12 Pretest Procedure 12.1 Engine Operating Procedure 12.2 Periodic Measurements and Functions 12.3 End of Test Procedures 12.4Determination of Test Results 13 Post-Test Intake Valve Weighing Procedure 13.1 Photographs of Parts—General 13.2 Induction System Rating 13.3 Determination of Test Validity-Engine Conformance 13.4Report 14Precision and Bias 15Keywords 16Annexes  Detailed Specifications and Photographs of Apparatus Annex A1Engine Part Number Listing Annex A2Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviation Annex A31.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for the measurement of the effects of automotive engine oils on the fuel economy of passenger cars and light-duty 3856 kg (8500 lb), or less, gross vehicle weight trucks. The tests are conducted using a specified 4.6-L spark-ignition engine on a dynamometer test stand. It applies to multiviscosity grade oils used in these applications. Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in the latest revision of Specification D4485.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or other units shall be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are stated first with the other units shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.1.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:Subject SectionIntroduction 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus 6General 6.1Test Engine Configuration 6.2Laboratory Ambient Conditions 6.3Engine Speed and Load Control 6.4Engine Cooling System 6.5External Oil System 6.6Fuel System 6.7Engine Intake Air Supply 6.8Temperature Measurement 6.9AFR Determination 6.10Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.11Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Locations 6.12Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus 6.13Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to Engine Operation 6.14Reagents and Materials 7Engine Oil 7.1Test Fuel 7.2Engine Coolant 7.3Cleaning Materials 7.4Sealing Compounds 7.5Preparation of Apparatus 8Test Stand Preparation 8.2Engine Preparation 9Cleaning of Engine Parts 9.2Engine Assembly Procedure 9.3General Assembly Instructions 9.3.1Bolt Torque Specifications 9.3.2Sealing Compounds 9.3.3New Parts Required for Each New Engine 9.3.4Harmonic Balancer 9.3.5Oil Pan 9.3.6Intake Manifold 9.3.7Camshaft Covers 9.3.8Thermostat 9.3.9Thermostat Housing 9.3.10Coolant Inlet 9.3.11Oil Filter Adapter 9.3.12Dipstick Tube 9.3.13Water Pump 9.3.14Sensors, Switches, Valves, and Positioners 9.3.15Ignition System 9.3.16Fuel Injection System 9.3.17Intake Air System 9.3.18Engine Management System (Spark and Fuel Control) 9.3.19Accessory Drive Units 9.3.20Exhaust Manifolds 9.3.21Engine Flywheel and Guards 9.3.22Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.3.23Engine Mounts 9.3.24Calibration 10BC Pre-Test Verification 10.1Engine/Test Stand Calibration 10.2Procedure 10.2.1Reporting of Reference Results 10.2.2Analysis of Reference Oils 10.2.3Flush Effectiveness Demonstration 10.2.4Instrument Calibration 10.3Engine Load Measurement System 10.3.1Fuel Flow Measurement System 10.3.2Coolant Flow Measurement System 10.3.3Thermocouple and Temperature Measurement System 10.3.4Humidity Measurement System 10.3.5Other Instrumentation 10.3.6Test Procedure 11Preparation for Initial Start-Up of New Engine 11.1Initial Engine Start-Up 11.2Coolant Flush 11.3New Engine Break-In 11.4Routine Test Operation 11.5Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures 11.5.8Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures 11.5.9Test Operating Stages 11.5.10Stabilization to Stage Conditions 11.5.11Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle 11.5.12Data Logging 11.5.13BC Oil Flush Procedure for BC Oil Before Test Oil 11.5.14BSFC Measurement of BC Oil Before Test Oil 11.5.15Test Oil Flush Procedure 11.5.16Test Oil Aging 11.5.17BSFC Measurement of Aged Test Oil 11.5.18BC Oil Flush Procedure for BC Oil After Test Oil 11.5.19BSFC Measurement for BC Oil After Test Oil 11.5.20General Test Data Logging Forms 11.5.21Diagnostic Review Procedures 11.5.22Determination of Test Results 12Final Test Report 13Validity Statement 13.1Report Format 13.2Precision, Validity, and Bias 14Precision 14.1Validity 14.2Test Stand Calibration Status 14.2.1Validity Interpretation of Deviant Operational Conditions 14.2.2Keywords 15ANNEXESRole of ASTM Test Monitoring Center Annex A1Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus Annex A2Oil Heater Cerrobase Refill Procedure Annex A3Engine Part Number Listing Annex A4Flying Flush Checklists Annex A5Safety Precautions Annex A6Report Format Annex A7Control Chart Technique for Stand/Engine Severity Adjustment (SA) Annex A8Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviation Annex A9Fuel Injector Evaluation Annex A10Pre-test Maintenance Checklist Annex A11APPENDIXESProcurement of Test Materials Appendix X1Data Dictionary Appendix X2

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